Türkiye'de Yayılış Gösteren Carex L. (Ayakotu) Taksonlarının Tür Epiteti Etimolojisi
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Tarih
2019
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Sazlar olarak bilinen, Bilimsel Türkçe Adı ayakotu olan Carex L., Türkiye’de doğal yayılışgösteren 157 takson ile Cyperaceae (Hasırotugiller) familyasının en büyük cinsidir. Carexsözcüğünün etimolojik sınıflandırmasında, eski İngilizce dilinde “secg" yani saz olarakkullanımı ve Gotik Almanca da ise kenarı keskin anlamında “sagjaz” kelimesiyle ifade edildiğigörülmüştür. Bu iki örneğe bakıldığında bir bitki cinsine farklı ülkelerde farklı dillerde isimlerverildiği görülmektedir. Dünyada yaklaşık 2000 ile temsil edilen bir cinsin, sadece cinsisminin bile farklı dillerde farklı kelimeler ile ifade ediliyor olması bu cins hakkında bilimselbilginin doğru gelişmesine engel teşkil etmektedir. Bilim insanları ortaya çıkan bu karışıklığıgidermek adına, ortak bir isimlendirme sistemi geliştirmişlerdir. Başlangıçta bilimsel isimlerçoğunlukla Klasik Yunanca veya Latince kelimelerinden türetilmiştir. Bu tür isimler genellikle,alışık olmayanların kulaklarına karmaşık veya garip gelebilir. Bilimsel isimlerde kullanılanifadelerin anlamının bilinmesi, bilimsel isimlerin en iyi şekilde akılda kalıcı ve anlaşılırolmasında önemli bir etkendir. Ancak klasik dillerin (ve özellikle de Latince) giderek azalangenel bilgisi, bu bilimsel isimlerin anlamını erişilmez kılmaktadır. Bu makalede, Türkiye’deyayılış gösteren Carex cinsine ait türlerin bilimsel olarak anlaşılmasını kolaylaştırmakamacıyla verilen tür epitetlerinin Türkçe anlamları ve türler arasındaki ilişki etimolojik açıdanirdelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda Carex cinsine ait 157 taksonun geçerli isimleri vesinonimleri değerlendirilmiş, isimlerin %61’nin türlerin morfolojik özelliklere dayalı olarakverildiği görülmüştür.
Carex L., known as sedge, is the largest genus of Cyperaceae family with 157 taxa occuring naturally in Turkey. In the etymological classification of the word Carex, it is seen that the word "secg" is used in the old English language as "sedge" and in the Gothic German the word "sagjaz" is used as the sharp edge. With these two examples it is seen that the same genus of plants are named differently in different countries and languages. The fact that even the genus name of a genus that has about 2000 species is expressed with different words in different languages constitutes an obstacle to the correct development of scientific knowledge about them. Scientists have developed a common naming system to overcome such a confusion. At first the names were derived either from Classical Greek or Latin. These names may sound complicated or odd to the ears of people unfamiliar with them. Knowing the meaning of the expressions used in scientific names is an important factor in making scientific names as best as possible and understandable. However, the diminishing general knowledge of classical languages (and especially Latin) makes the meaning of these scientific names inaccessible. In this article, to facilitate the scientific understanding of the species belonging to the genus Carex in Turkey, the Turkish meanings of the species epithet and the relationships between species were discussed in terms of etymology. As a result of the study, the names and synonyms of 157 taxa belonging to the Carex genus were examined and it was seen that 61% of the names were given based on morphological characteristics of the species.
Carex L., known as sedge, is the largest genus of Cyperaceae family with 157 taxa occuring naturally in Turkey. In the etymological classification of the word Carex, it is seen that the word "secg" is used in the old English language as "sedge" and in the Gothic German the word "sagjaz" is used as the sharp edge. With these two examples it is seen that the same genus of plants are named differently in different countries and languages. The fact that even the genus name of a genus that has about 2000 species is expressed with different words in different languages constitutes an obstacle to the correct development of scientific knowledge about them. Scientists have developed a common naming system to overcome such a confusion. At first the names were derived either from Classical Greek or Latin. These names may sound complicated or odd to the ears of people unfamiliar with them. Knowing the meaning of the expressions used in scientific names is an important factor in making scientific names as best as possible and understandable. However, the diminishing general knowledge of classical languages (and especially Latin) makes the meaning of these scientific names inaccessible. In this article, to facilitate the scientific understanding of the species belonging to the genus Carex in Turkey, the Turkish meanings of the species epithet and the relationships between species were discussed in terms of etymology. As a result of the study, the names and synonyms of 157 taxa belonging to the Carex genus were examined and it was seen that 61% of the names were given based on morphological characteristics of the species.
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6
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2
