An epoxysilane modified indium tin oxide electrode for the determination of PAK 2: Application in human serum samples
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Elsevier B.V.
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
In this study, a sensitive immunosensor was developed for the first time for p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK 2) detection. In the design of the immunosensor, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) was utilized as an ITO electrode modification material for anti-PAK 2 antibody immobilization. This molecule had epoxy group, which was reactive to amino groups of antibodies. Anti-PAK 2 antibodies were also used as biomolecules for sensitive interaction for PAK 2 antigen. In the presence of PAK 2 antigens, high impedance signal was observed when the process followed by using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy technique (EIS). Apart from EIS technique, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV) and Single Frequency Impedance (SFI) techniques were utilized. Microscopic surface characterizations of immunosensor fabrication steps were performed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The immunosensor exhibited good sensitivity and selectivity for PAK 2 antigen detection. A linear calibration curve between EIS response and PAK 2 concentration was obtained in the range of 0.005–0.075 pg/mL with the detection limit of 1.5 fg/mL. It had good repeatability, excellent reproducibility and high stability. Additionally, this immunosensor can be reused by simple application protocol. Furthermore, it had good recovery for PAK 2 antigen detection in human serum samples. The good recovery illustrated that the developed immunosensor was a promising tool for PAK 2 detection in practical applications. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), Cancer biomarker, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, p21-activated kinases (PAKs), Antibodies, Antigens, Atomic force microscopy, Body fluids, Cyclic voltammetry, Electrodes, Enzymes, Immunosensors, Scanning electron microscopy, Spectroscopy, Surface measurement, Tin oxides, 3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, Antibody immobilization, Cancer biomarkers, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques, Indium tin oxide electrodes, Linear calibration curve, P-21 activated kinase, Square wave voltammetry, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, indium tin oxide, p21 activated kinase 2, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, indium tin oxide, p21 activated kinase, silane derivative, tin derivative, tumor marker, antigen detection, Article, atomic force microscopy, cyclic potentiometry, electrochemistry, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, human, hydroxylation, impedance spectroscopy, limit of detection, priority journal, protein determination, radioimmunoassay, scanning electron microscopy, blood, chemistry, electrochemical analysis, electrode, genetic procedures, Biomarkers, Tumor, Biosensing Techniques, Dielectric Spectroscopy, Electrochemical Techniques, Electrodes, Humans, p21-Activated Kinases, Silanes, Tin Compounds
Kaynak
Analytica Chimica Acta
WoS Q Değeri
Q1
Scopus Q Değeri
Q1
Cilt
1062
