Determination of Trace and Major Elements in Vegan Milk and Oils by ICP-OES After Microwave Digestion

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dc.authorid0000-0003-2759-4411
dc.authorscopusid55235059200
dc.authorwosidkarasakal, ayca/ABA-4762-2020
dc.contributor.authorKarasakal, Ayça
dc.date.accessioned2022-05-11T14:31:03Z
dc.date.available2022-05-11T14:31:03Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.departmentFakülteler, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Kimya Bölümü
dc.description.abstractIncreasing technological developments also bring about environmental pollution. Heavy metals and metallic compounds, as a result of soil, water, and air industrialization, pass through to people and animals through the food chain and have a negative impact on health. In this study, the concentrations of Na, Mg, K, Ca, P, Fe, Cu, B, Mn, Zn, Al, S, As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pt, Sb, Se, Sn, Ti, W, and Hg in commercial vegan milk (soybean milk, coconut milk, and almond milk) and oils (soybean oil, coconut oil, bitter almond oil, sweet almond oil, and walnut oil) were determinated using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry after microwave digestion. In order to compare the efficiencies of digestion in vegan milk and oil samples, 6 mL of HNO3 (conc.), 3 mL of H2O2 (30%); 7 mL of HNO3 (conc.), 3.5 mL of H2O2 (30%), and 8 mL of HNO3 (conc.), 4 mL of H2O2 (30%) were used in microwave digestion procedures. The proposed procedures were applied to the analysis of 81 vegan milk and 125 vegan oil samples covering three different brands in Turkey. Na, Mg, K, Ca, P, S, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Sb, and Sn concentrations in vegan milks ranged (minimum-maximum in ppm) as follows: 307.4-501.2, 1.8-15.6, 478.8-1300.4, 276.3-1189, 197-797.8, 18.7-241.4, 0.09-0.42, 0-0.58, 0.02-1.06, 0.34-1.56, 0.26-0.67, and 3.4-30.4 ppm, respectively. The results of Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, S, Mn, Zn, Se, Fe, Cu, Sb, and Sn concentrations in vegan oils (minimum-maximum in ppm) ranged as follows: 6.8-31.2, 403.5-425.2, 142.8-160.4, 71.65-149.8, 0.35-0.85, 14.2-35.2, 0.02-0.27, 0.07-0.36, 1.90-4.64, 0.92-5.36, 0.01-0.05, 1.02-1.66, and 21.2, 35.0 ppm, respectively. Vegan milk contents except for Se, Fe, Sb, and Sn in this study were higher than vegan oil contents. The methods were validated by linearity, limits of detection and quantification, precision, and analyzing certified reference material (NIST SRM-3235), soybean milk. The highest values of LOD were found Pb, P, and Bi, and the highest values of LOQ were found Mo, Pb, and Sb.
dc.description.sponsorshipResearch Fund of the University of Namik Kemal UniversityNamik Kemal University [16.026]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by the Research Fund of the University of Namik Kemal University (Project Number NKUBAP. 00.GA.16.026).
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s12011-019-02024-7
dc.identifier.endpage693
dc.identifier.issn0163-4984
dc.identifier.issn1559-0720
dc.identifier.issue2en_US
dc.identifier.pmid31898305
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85077570087
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage683
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-02024-7
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11776/7299
dc.identifier.volume197
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000505348400002
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.institutionauthorKarasakal, Ayça
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherHumana Press Inc
dc.relation.ispartofBiological Trace Element Research
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subjectICP-OES
dc.subjectMicrowave digestion
dc.subjectVegan milk
dc.subjectVegan oil
dc.subjectDiluted Nitric-Acid
dc.subjectAssisted Digestion
dc.subjectMass-Spectrometry
dc.subjectEdible Oils
dc.subjectPlasma
dc.subjectPhosphorus
dc.subjectProducts
dc.subjectMetals
dc.subjectExtraction
dc.subjectSelenium
dc.titleDetermination of Trace and Major Elements in Vegan Milk and Oils by ICP-OES After Microwave Digestion
dc.typeArticle

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