Prostat Kanseri Moleküler Mekanizmasında Kodlanmayan Rna'ların Rolü
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Date
2019
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Kodlanmayan RNA’lar (ncRNA), bir açık okuma çerçevesibulunmayan ve proteine çevrilemeyen işlevsel RNAtranskriptleridir. NcRNA’lar transkripsiyon ve transkripsiyonsonrası işlemlerde düzenleyici rollere ve halenaçıklanmaya devam eden çok sayıda hücresel fonksiyonasahiptir. NcRNA’lardan en iyi bilinenleri mikro RNA’lar(miRNA), hedefledikleri genlerin ya translasyonelbaskılanmasına ya da mRNA yıkımına yol açarak genifadesini düzenleyen küçük (~22 nt) RNA molekülleridir.Uzun kodlanmayan RNA’lar (lncRNA), uzunluğu 200nükleotidden daha büyük olan ve birçok alt sınıfı bulunanheterojen RNA’lardır. Bu RNA molekülleri DNA veyaproteinler ile etkileşime girerek kromatin yenidenşekillenmesi, histon modifikasyonu, gen ifadesinintranskripsiyonel ve translasyonel düzenlenmesi gibi önemliişlevler üstlenirler. Hem miRNA’lar hem de lncRNA’larprostat kanseri dahil birçok kanser çeşidinde düzensizifade edilmektedirler. Bu derleme, miRNA, lncRNA ve diğerncRNA’ların prostat kanserinin moleküler biyolojisindeönemini açıklayarak prostat kanserinin ayırıcı tanısında vehedeflenebilir tedavisinde kullanılabilirliğini vurgulamaktadır.
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are functional RNA transcripts, which do not have an open-reading frame and cannot be translated into protein. ncRNAs have mediator roles in the transcription and the post-transcription processes and have numerous cellular functions which still continue to be explored. The best known members of ncRNAs, the microRNAs (miRNAs), are small RNA molecules (~22 nt) which regulate the expressions of the targeted genes by either leading transcriptional repression or mRNA degradation. long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) which are longer than 200 nucleotides, are heterogenic RNAs which have many subclasses. These RNA molecules, by interacting with DNA or proteins, play key roles in chromatin remodeling, histone modification, and transcriptional and translational regulation of gene expression. miRNAs and lncRNAs are irregularly expressed in many types of cancer including prostate cancer. The present review discusses the importance of miRNA, lncRNA, and other ncRNAs in the molecular biology of prostate cancer and emphasizes their employability in the diagnosis and the targeted therapy to prostate cancer.
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are functional RNA transcripts, which do not have an open-reading frame and cannot be translated into protein. ncRNAs have mediator roles in the transcription and the post-transcription processes and have numerous cellular functions which still continue to be explored. The best known members of ncRNAs, the microRNAs (miRNAs), are small RNA molecules (~22 nt) which regulate the expressions of the targeted genes by either leading transcriptional repression or mRNA degradation. long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) which are longer than 200 nucleotides, are heterogenic RNAs which have many subclasses. These RNA molecules, by interacting with DNA or proteins, play key roles in chromatin remodeling, histone modification, and transcriptional and translational regulation of gene expression. miRNAs and lncRNAs are irregularly expressed in many types of cancer including prostate cancer. The present review discusses the importance of miRNA, lncRNA, and other ncRNAs in the molecular biology of prostate cancer and emphasizes their employability in the diagnosis and the targeted therapy to prostate cancer.
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7
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3
