Manzum Sözlüklerde İslâmî Bir Gelenek
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Tarih
2020
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türk edebiyatında 15. yüzyıldan itibaren örnekleri görülenmanzum sözlük yazma geleneğinin kökeni 11. yüzyıl Arapdilcilerinin eserlerine dayanır. Genellikle aruz vezni ile yazılanbu sözlüklerin başlangıçta Kur’ân-ı Kerîm ve Mevlânâ’nınMesnevî’si gibi eserlerin daha iyi anlaşılması için yazıldığıgörülmektedir. Kısa zamanda yaygınlaşan manzum sözlükyazma geleneğinde Arapça-Türkçe, Farsça-Türkçe, ArapçaFarsça-Türkçe şeklinde iki veya üç dilli sözlükler yazılmıştır.Sayıları az da olsa Boşnakça-Türkçe, Rumca-Türkçe, FransızcaTürkçe şeklinde sözlüklerin yazıldığı da görülmektedir. Sıbyanmektebinde ve medrese çağındaki çocukların eğitimi veya bireserin daha iyi anlaşılmasına yardımcı olacak şekilde pek çokmanzum sözlüğün yazıldığı bu gelenekte eserlerin belli birkompozisyonunun olduğu görülür.Manzum sözlükler mukaddime, asıl sözlük bölümü ve hâtimeşeklinde üç ana bölümden oluşur. Mukaddime bölümlerindeİslamî gelenekte ortaya konan pek çok eserde olduğu gibibesmele, tevhid, münâcât, na‘t içerikli manzumeler yer alır. Busözlüklerin asıl sözlük bölümü başlarken müelliflerin pekçoğunun yazdıkları sözlüğün özelliğine göre Allah adınınkarşılıklarını vermekle asıl bölüme başlamaları dikkat çeker. Buyazıda manzum sözlüklerde görülen bu özellik üzerindedurulmuştur.
The tradition of writing dictionaries in verse examples of which have been seen in Turkish literature from the 15th century is based on the works of 11th century Arabic linguists. It is seen that these dictionaries which are generally written with prosody meter were originally written for a better understanding of works such as the Quran and Masnavi of the Mevlana. In the tradition of writing dictionaries in verse that became widespread in a short time, bilingual dictionaries such as Arabic-Turkish, Persian-Turkish, Arabic-Persian-Turkish were written. It is also seen that dictionaries such as Bosnian-Turkish, Greek-Turkish, French-Turkish are written few in number. In this tradition where many dictionaries in verse were written in order to help the education of children of the age of madrasah and the school, or a better understanding of a work, it is observed that those written materials had a certain compositions. Dictionaries in verse consist of three main sections: Introduction (mukaddime), the original dictionary section, and epilogue (hatime). The verses like besmele, tevhid, münacat, na’t take part in the sections of introduction (mukaddime) as it is seen in many works in the Islamic tradition. While the actual dictionary section of these dictionaries starts, it is noteworthy that many of the authors started to the original section by giving the answers of the name of Allah according to the feature of the dictionary they wrote. This article focuses on this feature seen in dictionaries in verse.
The tradition of writing dictionaries in verse examples of which have been seen in Turkish literature from the 15th century is based on the works of 11th century Arabic linguists. It is seen that these dictionaries which are generally written with prosody meter were originally written for a better understanding of works such as the Quran and Masnavi of the Mevlana. In the tradition of writing dictionaries in verse that became widespread in a short time, bilingual dictionaries such as Arabic-Turkish, Persian-Turkish, Arabic-Persian-Turkish were written. It is also seen that dictionaries such as Bosnian-Turkish, Greek-Turkish, French-Turkish are written few in number. In this tradition where many dictionaries in verse were written in order to help the education of children of the age of madrasah and the school, or a better understanding of a work, it is observed that those written materials had a certain compositions. Dictionaries in verse consist of three main sections: Introduction (mukaddime), the original dictionary section, and epilogue (hatime). The verses like besmele, tevhid, münacat, na’t take part in the sections of introduction (mukaddime) as it is seen in many works in the Islamic tradition. While the actual dictionary section of these dictionaries starts, it is noteworthy that many of the authors started to the original section by giving the answers of the name of Allah according to the feature of the dictionary they wrote. This article focuses on this feature seen in dictionaries in verse.
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24
