İttihat ve Terakki'nin eğitim politikası(1908-1918) Cemiyet'in kendi insan tipini yaratma politikası
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Date
2021
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Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
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Abstract
II. Jön Türk kuşağı, 1908 senesinde II. Abdülhamit'in istibdat rejimine son vererek Osmanlı Devleti'nde anayasal süreci ikinci kez başlatmıştır. İttihat ve Terakki'ye göre, meşruti yönetim yıkılmakta olan imparatorluğun tek kurtuluş yoluydu. Bu sebeple toplumu şekillendirmede eğitimin dönüştürücü rolünün bilinciyle, halk eğitimi politikası güttüler. Cemiyet yurdun dört bir tarafında açtığı İttihat ve Terakki Mektepleri ile formel eğitim yanı sıra gece dersleri, konferanslar, gazete ve dergilerle de ülke geneline ideolojisini yaymaya çalışmıştır. Balkan Savaşları ardından egemen olan milliyetçilik politikası doğrultusunda hedeflediği yeni insan tipine ulaşmak için savaş koşullarında dahi eğitimi ihmal etmeyecektir. Eğitimle oluşacak yeni insan tipi, meşrutiyet değerlerine sahip çıkması yanı sıra cemiyetin faaliyetlerini meşru temellere oturmak ve iktidarının devamı sağlamak içinde önemlidir.
The second JonTurk(YoungTurk) generation started the constitutional process for the second time in the Ottoman Empire by ending the tyranny of Abdulhamid II'sin 1908. According to the Committee of Unionand Progress (İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti), constitutional government was the only way of salvation for the crumbling empire. For this reason, they pursued a publice ducation policy with the awareness of the transformative role of education in shaping the society. The Society has tried to spread its ideology through outthe country with the Unionand Progress Schools it openedall over the country, as well as formal education, night classes, conferences, news papers and magazines. Inline with the nationalism policy that prevailed after the Balkan Wars, he would not neglect education even in war conditions in order to reach the new type of person he targeted. The newtype of person that will be formed through education is important in protecting the constitutional values as well as establishing the activities of the society on legitimate foundations and ensuring the continuity of its power.
The second JonTurk(YoungTurk) generation started the constitutional process for the second time in the Ottoman Empire by ending the tyranny of Abdulhamid II'sin 1908. According to the Committee of Unionand Progress (İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti), constitutional government was the only way of salvation for the crumbling empire. For this reason, they pursued a publice ducation policy with the awareness of the transformative role of education in shaping the society. The Society has tried to spread its ideology through outthe country with the Unionand Progress Schools it openedall over the country, as well as formal education, night classes, conferences, news papers and magazines. Inline with the nationalism policy that prevailed after the Balkan Wars, he would not neglect education even in war conditions in order to reach the new type of person he targeted. The newtype of person that will be formed through education is important in protecting the constitutional values as well as establishing the activities of the society on legitimate foundations and ensuring the continuity of its power.
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Tarih, History
