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Öğe Animal cloning and applications on animal production and conservation of genetic resources(Elsevier Science Bv, 2012) Arat, Sezen[No Abstract Available]Öğe COMBINING DIMETHYL SULPHOXIDE (DMSO) WITH DIFFERENT CRYOPROTECTANTS ENSURES BETTER CARTILAGE CELL CRYOPRESERVATION(Cryo Letters, 2021) Tüten Sevim, Emel; Arat, SezenBACKGROUND: DMSO is a cryoprotective agent (CPA) that is widely used in the cryopreservation of cells. However, evidence suggests that it is more effective when combined with other CPAs. OBJECTIVE: To investigated the effect of combining serum and balanced solutions with DMSO for cryopreservation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cartilage cells cultured with Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) medium were taken from the ears of adult cattle. Then, these cells were frozen by supplementation with different concentrations of fetal bovine serum (FBS) and different balanced solutions with DMSO. RESULTS: The highest cell viability was obtained using freezing solutions containing 10% DMSO and 40% serum, in dextran 40 or dextrose solution or DMEM. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that serum concentration is important for cell viability and that supplementing DMSO with dextran or dextrose or DMEM benefits the cryopreservation of bovine cartilage cells.Öğe Comparison of the development of mouse embryos manipulated with different biopsy techniques(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2016) Taşkın, Ali Cihan; Akkoç, Tolga; Sağırkaya, Hakan; Bağış, Haydar; Arat, SezenPreimplantation genetic diagnosis is the detection of inherited diseases and the sex of embryos before implantation in the practice of human medicine as well as in veterinary medicine. The introduction of experimental animal embryo biopsy techniques has been a milestone in the developmental process of preimplantation genetic diagnosis techniques. The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vivo and in vitro development of embryos after biopsy in an experimental mouse model and to perform comparisons across different biopsy techniques (blastomere biopsy and trophectoderm biopsy). At the end of the study, no significant difference was observed between the blastomere biopsy group and the control group in terms of in vitro development, embryo quality, and fetal development, whereas embryo quality and in vivo development were negatively affected in the trophectoderm biopsy group (P < 0.05).Öğe Comparison of the development of mouse embryos manipulatedwith different biopsy techniques(2016) Taşkın, Ali Cihan; Akkoç, Tolga; Sağırkaya, Hakan; Bağış, Haydar; Arat, SezenPreimplantation genetic diagnosis is the detection of inherited diseases and the sex of embryos before implantation in the practice of human medicine as well as in veterinary medicine. The introduction of experimental animal embryo biopsy techniques has been a milestone in the developmental process of preimplantation genetic diagnosis techniques. The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vivo and in vitro development of embryos after biopsy in an experimental mouse model and to perform comparisons across different biopsy techniques (blastomere biopsy and trophectoderm biopsy). At the end of the study, no significant difference was observed between the blastomere biopsy group and the control group in terms of in vitro development, embryo quality, and fetal development, whereas embryo quality and in vivo development were negatively affected in the trophectoderm biopsy group (P< 0.05).Öğe Effect of donor cell type, gender on efficiency of somatic cell nuclear transfer(Elsevier Science Bv, 2016) Arat, Sezen; Caputcu, Arzu Tas; Çevik, Mesut; Akkoç, Tolga; Çetinkaya, Gaye[No Abstract Available]Öğe Effect of growth factors on oocyte maturation and allocations of inner cell mass and trophectoderm cells of cloned bovine embryos(Cambridge Univ Press, 2016) Arat, Sezen; Caputcu, Arzu Tas; Çevik, Mesut; Akkoç, Tolga; Çetinkaya, Gaye; Bagis, HaydarThis study was conducted to determine the additive effects of exogenous growth factors during in vitro oocyte maturation (IVM) and the sequential culture of nuclear transfer (NT) embryos. Oocyte maturation and culture of reconstructed embryos derived from bovine granulosa cells were performed in culture medium supplemented with either epidermal growth factor (EGF) alone or a combination of EGF with insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). The maturation rates of oocytes matured in the presence of EGF or the EGF + IGF-I combination were significantly higher than those of oocytes matured in the presence of only fetal calf serum (FCS) (P < 0.05). The developing NT embryos showed no significant differences in fusion, cleavage or blastocyst rates among the culture groups (P > 0.05). IGF-I alone or in combination with EGF in sequential embryo culture medium significantly increased the ratio of inner cell mass (ICM) to total blastocyst cells (P < 0.05). Our results showed that the addition of growth factors to IVM and sequential culture media of cloned bovine embryos increased the ICM without changing the total cell number. These unknown and uncontrolled effects of growth factors can alter the allocation of ICM and trophectoderm cells (TE) in NT embryos. A decrease in TE cell numbers could be a reason for developmental abnormalities in embryos in the cloning system.Öğe Effects of confluency, roscovitine and serum starvation on the cell-cycle synchronization and viability of sheep and goat adult fibroblasts(Elsevier Science Bv, 2014) Eren, Aysel; Arat, Sezen; Tuna, Metin; Bircan, Rifat[No Abstract Available]Öğe Gene expression profiles of vitrified in vitro- and in vivo-derived bovine blastocysts(Wiley, 2012) Aktopraklıgil Aksu, Diğdem; Ağca, Cansu; Aksu, Soner; Bağış, Haydar; Akkoç, Tolga; Taş Çaputçu, Arzu; Ağca, Yüksel; Arat, SezenVitrification is becoming a preferred method for pre-implantation embryo cryopreservation. The objective of this study was to determine the differentially expressed genes of in vivo- and in vitro-produced bovine embryos after vitrification. In vitro- (IVF) and in vivo-derived (IVV) bovine blastocysts were identified as follows: in vitro-produced fresh (IVF-F), in vitro-produced vitrified (IVF-V), in vivo-derived fresh (IVV-F), in vivo-derived vitrified (IVV-V). The microarray results showed that 53 genes were differentially regulated between IVF and IVV, and 121 genes were differentially regulated between fresh and vitrified blastocysts (P?Öğe In Vitro and in Vivo Development of Embryo Following Biopsy with Different Techniques in Mouse Embryos(Csiro Publishing, 2013) Taşkın, Ali Cihan; Akkoç, Tolga; Sağırkaya, Hakan; Bağış, Haydar; Arat, Sezen[No Abstract Available]Öğe Monoclonal antibody development for quantitative analysis of pancreatitis-associated protein(Elsevier Science Bv, 2017) Bahhar, Ilham; Ertekin, Özlem; Pirincci, Seyda; Ergenoglu, Bengu; Arat, Sezen; Yücel, Fatima; Akcael, Esin[No Abstract Available]Öğe Nükleer Transfer ile Elde Edilen Klon Sığır ve Yavrularının mtDNA ve Mikrosatellit Belirteçlerle Karakterizasyonu(Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, 2017) Sevim, Emel Tüten; Özdil, Fulya; Ünal, Emel Özkan; Arat, SezenKlonlama teknolojisi; erişkin bir hücre çekirdeğinin yumurta hücresi içerisine konulup geriye programlanarak embriyonal döneme geri döndürülmesi prensibine dayanmaktadır. Ancak bu geri programlamayı etkileyen faktörler tam olarak aydınlatılamamıştır. Bu nedenle elde edilen klonlar ve klonların yavrularının daha detaylı bir şekilde tanımlanması ile klonlama teknolojisi daha anlaşılır ve kontrol edilebilir hale getirilebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı bir ırkın bireylerinin farklı bir ırka ait yumurta kaynağı kullanılarak klonlanması sonucu elde edilen klonların normal bir ırk populasyonu oluşturmasının mümkün olup olmadığını ortaya koymak adına klon ve jenerasyonlarını moleküler olarak karakterize etmek ve böylece ileride bu teknolojinin nesli tükenmiş bir ırkın geriye getirilmesindeki muhtemel potansiyelini daha iyi anlamaya çalışmaktır. Bu amaçla çalışmada daha önce TÜBİTAK- TOVAG-104O360- projesi ile üretilmiş 5 klon boz sığır (1 erkek, 4 dişi) ve bu klonların yavruları (2 erkek, 4 dişi) materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Öncelikle klonlar, onların yavruları ve klonların üretilmesinde kullanılan verici hücreden elde edilen genomik DNA’larda 10 mikrosatellit belirteç kullanılarak klonların genomik DNA açısından verici hücrelerin birebir kopyası olduğu ve yavrularında bu klonlara ait olduğu teyit edilmiş ve mtDNA D-loop bölgesi dizi analizi ile de klonların mtDNA’larının yumurta kaynaklı olduğu ve dolayısıyla verici hücreden farklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca bu farklı mtDNA varlığı klonların yavrularında da izlenmiştir.Öğe Phylogenetic relationships of Turkish indigenous donkey populations determined by mitochondrial DNA D-loop region(MDPI AG, 2020) Özkan Ünal, Emel; Özdil, Fulya; Kaplan, Selçuk; Gürcan, Eser Kemal; Genç, Serdar; Arat, Sezen; Soysal, Mehmet İhsanIn this study, to analyze the mtDNA D-loop region and the origin of the maternal lineages of 16 different donkey populations, and to assess the domestication of Turkish indigenous donkeys in seven geographical regions, we investigated the DNA sequences of the D-loop region of 315 indigenous donkeys from Turkey. A total of 54 haplotypes, resulting from 35 polymorphic regions (27 parsimoniously informative and 6 singleton sites), were defined. Twenty-eight of these haplotypes are unique (51.85%), and 26 are shared among different Turkish indigenous donkey populations. The most frequent haplotype was Hap 1 (45.71%), followed by two haplotypes (Hap 4, 15.55% and Hap 7, 5.39%). The breed genetic diversity, evaluated by the haplotype diversity (HD ) and nucleotide diversity (?D ), for the Turkish donkey populations ranged from 0.533 ± 0.180 (Tekirdağ–Malkara, MAL) to 0.933 ± 0.122 (Aydin, AYD), and from 0.01196 ± 0.0026 (Antalya, ANT) to 0.02101 ± 0.0041 (Aydin, AYD), respectively. We observed moderate-to-high levels of haplotype diversity and moderate nucleotide diversity, indicating plentiful genetic diversity in all of the Turkish indigenous donkey populations. Phylogenetic analysis (NJT) and median-joining network analysis established that all haplotypes were distinctly grouped into two major haplogroups. The results of AMOVA analyses, based on geographic structuring of Turkish native donkey populations, highlighted that the majority of the observed variance is due to differences among samples within populations. The observed differences between groups were found to be statistically significant. Comparison among Turkish indigenous donkey mtDNA D-loop regions and haplotypes, and different countries’ donkey breeds and wild asses, identified two clades and which is named Somali (Clade IV) and Nubian (Clade V) lineages. The results can be used to understand the origin of Turkish donkey populations clearly, and to resolve the phylogenetic relationship among all of the different regions. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Öğe Reproductive performance of first cloned Anatolian Grey Cattle produced by frozen cells from National Animal Gene Bank(Elsevier Science Bv, 2014) Arat, Sezen; Pabuccuoglu, Serhat; Sağırkaya, Hakan; Nak, Yavuz; Alkan, Serhat; Alcay, Selim; Nak, Deniz[No Abstract Available]Öğe Spray Characterization of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Agricultural Spraying(Univ Philippines Los Banos, 2023) Onler, Eray; Ozyurt, Hasan Berk; Sener, Mehmet; Arat, Sezen; Eker, Bulent; Celen, HuseyinSustainability and higher efficiency in crop production are possible with the use of new technologies. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) brings many advantages, both in terms of monitoring agricultural areas and pesticide applications, and allows for early disease and damage detection as well as its application in areas without access to conventional sprayers. This study established parameters for spraying with clean water using a DJI Agras 14 MG-1P (RTK) UAV. Droplet distribution and droplet analyses were examined in the experiments carried out at different heights (1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 m) and flow rates (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 L/ha). Droplets were analyzed using DepositScan. Coefficients of Variation of droplet distribution decreased with the increasing spray rate. The trials with the closest values to uniformity were spraying applications made at a flight height of 2.0 m. When evaluating pesticide efficacy according to the number of droplets per unit area, insecticides and all herbicides can be effective at applications at flight heights of 1.5 and 2.0 m and spray rates of 20 L/ha. While all spraying is done at flight heights of 1.5 and 2.0 m and spray rates of 25 L/ha, fungicides are ineffective when applied from a height of 2.5 m. As a result, this study found measurements made at a 2.0 m altitude and a 20 L/ha spray rate to have the highest coverage rate and the lowest drift potential.Öğe Spray Characterization of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Agricultural Spraying(College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Banos, 2023) Önler, Eray; Özyurt, Hasan Berk; Şener, Mehmet; Arat, Sezen; Eker, Bülent; Çelen, İlker HüseyinSustainability and higher efficiency in crop production are possible with the use of new technologies. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles brings many advantages both in terms of monitoring agricultural areas and pesticide applications. This technology allows us to detect diseases and damages in an early manner and apply them in areas that are not accessible by conventional sprayers. However, a lack of knowledge on how to use UAVs and what parameters need to be considered prevent the widespread use of drone technology in agriculture. This study established parameters for spraying with clean water using a DJI Agras 14 MG-1P (RTK) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Droplet distribution and droplet analyses were examined in the studies carried out at different heights (1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 m) and flow rates (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 L/ha). Droplets were analysed using DepositScan. Coefficients of variation of droplet distribution tend to decrease with the increasing spray rate. The trials with the closest values to uniformity are spraying applications made with a flight height of 2 m. When we evaluate pesticide efficacy according to the number of droplets per unit area, insecticides and all herbicides can be effective at applications with flight heights of 1.5 and 2 m and spray rate of 20 L/ha. While all spraying is done with flight heights of 1.5 and 2 m and spray rates of 25 L/ha, fungicides are ineffective when applied from 2.5 m height. As a result, this study found the measurements made at 2 m altitude and 20 L/ha spray rate have the highest coverage rate and lowest drift potential. © 2023, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Banos. All rights reserved.Öğe Synchronization of fresh and frozen granulosa cells obtained from water buffalo and bovine(Elsevier Science Bv, 2016) Arat, Sezen; Eren, Aysel; Tuna, Metin; Bircan, Rifat[No Abstract Available]Öğe The value of frozen cartilage tissues without cryoprotection for genetic conservation(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2014) Çetinkaya, Gaye; Hatipoğlu, İbrahim; Arat, SezenAnimal tissues frozen without cryoprotection are thought to be inappropriate for use as a donor for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) studies. Cells in tissues that have been frozen without a cryoprotectant are commonly thought to be dead or to have lost genomic integrity. However, in this study we show that the frozen auricular cartilage tissues of anatolian buffalo contain a considerable number of viable healthy cells. The cells in auricular cartilage tissues are resistant to cryo-injury at -80 degrees C. Primary cell cultures were established from defrosted ear tissues which were frozen without cryoprotectant. The growth and functional characteristics of primary cell cultures are characterized according to cell growth curve, cell cycle analysis, karyotype and GAG synthesis. The results indicate that frozen cartilage tissues could be valuable materials for the conservation of species and SCNT technology. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Tissue cryobanking for conservation programs: effect of tissue type and storage time after death(Springer, 2013) Caputcu, Arzu Tas; Akkoç, Tolga; Çetinkaya, Gaye; Arat, SezenIn this study, we investigated the temporal post-mortem limits, within which there will be guarantees of obtaining living cells from several tissues of sheep and cattle and the effect of vitrification on the ability of cells from tissue stored at different times. Muscle tissue and auricular cartilage were stored at 4 degrees C for 5, 48, 72, 96 and 216 h post-mortem (hpm). Tissue samples were sorted into two groups: one group was in vitro cultured immediately after storage and the other was vitrified after storage and then in vitro cultured. In cattle and sheep, no differences in subconfluence rates were observed between the two experimental groups. At the same time, no significant differences were observed in the number of days required in culture to reach confluence between non-vitrified and vitrified groups when tissues were stored at 4 degrees C for different times. In sheep, while the population doubling times (PDT) were similar in cartilage cells from vitrified and non-vitrified tissues and stored at 4 degrees C for 5 and 216 hpm, PDT of muscle cells were longer in 216 hpmstored groups than in 5 hpm stored groups. In bovine, although the PDT of muscle cells were similar for 5 and 216 hpm and both vitrified and non-vitrified tissues and the PDT were longer in cartilage cells from vitrified than from non-vitrified tissues. In conclusion, although storage times and vitrification have different effects on tissues from cattle and sheep, this study showed that living cells could be obtained from all groups. Therefore, cartilage andmuscle tissues can be stored at 4 degrees C for 216 hpm and used for cyrobanking.Öğe TREATMENT WITH MELATONIN ENHANCES THE EMBRYO QUALITY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF VITRIFIED/WARMED EIGHT CELL MOUSE EMBRYOS BY SOLID SURFACE VITRIFICATION (SSV)(Cryo Letters, 2020) Çağlar, Kübra; Kocabay, Ahmet; Taşkın, Ali Cihan; Arat, SezenBACKGROUND: Melatonin is an endocrine hormone secreted from the pineal gland located outside the blood-brain barrier. OBJECTIVE: In this study, in vitro propagated eight-cell mouse embryos were vitrified by the Solid Surface Vitrification (SSV) method and after thawing, their in vitro development and embryo qualities in melatonin added media were investigated. METHODS: Pronuclear stage embryos obtained from super ovulated B6CBAF1/J strain mice, were cultured until the eight-cell stage. Then these eight-cell embryos were vitrified by the SSV method and after thawing, cultured in melatonin added media at 37 degrees C and 5 %CO2 conditions until the blastocyst stage. RESULT: In the experimental period, in vitro embryo development rates of the control, SSV and +10(-12) M melatonin groups were observed as 97%, 86% and 93%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that melatonin addition slightly increased the development rates and total cell numbers of embryos vitrified by the SSV method.Öğe Treatment with Melatonin Enhances the Embryo Quality and the Development of Vitrified/warmed Eight Cell Mouse Embryos by Solid Surface Vitrification (SSV)(NLM (Medline), 2020) Çağlar, Kübra; Kocabay, A.; Taşkın, Ali Cihan; Arat, SezenBACKGROUND: Melatonin is an endocrine hormone secreted from the pineal gland located outside the blood-brain barrier. OBJECTIVE: In this study, in vitro propagated eight-cell mouse embryos were vitrified by the Solid Surface Vitrification (SSV) method and after thawing, their in vitro development and embryo qualities in melatonin added media were investigated. METHODS: Pronuclear stage embryos obtained from super ovulated B6CBAF1/J strain mice, were cultured until the eight-cell stage. Then these eight-cell embryos were vitrified by the SSV method and after thawing, cultured in melatonin added media at 37°C and 5 %CO2 conditions until the blastocyst stage. RESULT: In the experimental period, in vitro embryo development rates of the control, SSV and +10-12 M melatonin groups were observed as 97%, 86% and 93%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that melatonin addition slightly increased the development rates and total cell numbers of embryos vitrified by the SSV method.
