Türk sağlık sisteminin sağlık göstergelerine etkileri ve OECD ülkeleri ile karşılaştırılması
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Date
2023
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Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Sağlık hizmetleri içindeki toplum bireylerin fiziksel, ruhsal ve sosyal etkilerini korumayı amaçlayan bir dizi hizmetinin tamamını ifade eder. Sağlık, tüm yaşamın temelidir ve ertelenemez ve yeri doldurulamaz bir ihtiyaçtır. Sağlık, kişiler rahatsız hissetmedikleri sürece sağlık merkezlerine başvuramayacakları bir alan olarak kabul edilirken, sağlık camiası ve hekimler ruhen ve fiziken tam bir iyilik hali olarak değerlendirirler. Sağlık, kişisel bir anlayışın yaklaşımı, gelişmiş refah düzeyi ve yüksek bir toplumun temel ilkelerinden oluşur. Ayrıca, sağlık gelişmişlik değerlendirmesinin bir göstergesidir. Pek çok ülkede sağlık bir kamu hizmeti olarak ele alınır. Türkiye'de sağlık ilk defa 1961 anayasasıyla Dünya Sağlık Örgütünün tanımına benzer bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. 1982 anayasasıyla ile de sağlık güvencesinin kişisel bir hak olduğu kabul edilmiştir. Bu hakkın yerine getirilmesi için yapılanmış yapılar ve yatırımlar, bireylerin ve toplumun değerlerini korumayı ve geliştirmeyi amaçlar. Sağlıklı bir toplum, okullar ekonomik büyümeyi teşvik eder ve kalkınmanın temelini oluşturur. 2003 yılında yeni seçilmiş hükümetin ilk icraatlarından biri sağlıkta kökten bir değişikliğe gitmek olmuştur. Yeni oluşturulan plan "Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı" adını almıştır. Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı ile tüm sağlık yapısının değiştirilmesi ve çağın şartlarına uygun bir hale getirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Tüm bu çalışmalar yapılırken amaçlanan verimli, hakkaniyete uygun ve etkili bir işleyiş amaçlanmıştır. Geçmişten günümüze yürürlükte olan tüm politikalar, tüm çalışmalar incelenerek toplumda ki yansımaları da incelenmiştir. Tüm dünyada sağlık harcamaları ve uygulanan sağlık politikaları ülkelerin ekonomilerini etkilemekte ve bütçelerinde önemli bir pay sahibi olmaktadır. Bu çalışmayı yaparken amacımız ülkemizde uygulanan sağlık politikalarının geldiği noktayı OECD (Ekonomik Kalkınma ve İşbirliği Örgütü) ülkeleri ile kıyaslayabilmekti. Yapılan çalışmada konuyla ilgili araştırmalardan, tez çalışmalarından, güncel yayınlardan, kitap ve yayınlanmış makalelerden, OECD (Ekonomik Kalkınma ve İşbirliği Örgütü) ve TÜİK (Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu) verilenden literatür taraması yapılarak yararlanılmıştır. Verilerin güncel olmasına dikkat edilmiştir.
Society within health services refers to a whole set of services aimed at protecting the physical, mental and social effects of individuals. Health is the foundation of all life and is an irreplaceable and irreplaceable need. While health is accepted as an area where people cannot apply to health centers unless they feel uncomfortable, the health community and physicians consider it as a state of complete mental and physical well-being. Health consists of the approach of a personal understanding, enhanced level of well-being and the basic principles of a high society. It is also an indicator of health development assessment. In many countries, health is treated as a public service. Health in Turkey was handled for the first time in a way similar to the definition of the World Health Organization with the 1961 constitution. With the 1982 constitution, health insurance was accepted as a personal right. Structures and investments structured to fulfill this right aim to protect and develop the values of individuals and society. A healthy society, schools foster economic growth and form the basis of development. One of the first acts of the newly elected government in 2003 was to make a fundamental change in health. The newly created plan was named "Health Transformation Programme". With the Health Transformation Program, it is aimed to change the entire health structure and make it suitable for the conditions of the age. While all these studies were carried out, an efficient, equitable and effective operation was aimed. All the policies and studies that have been in effect from the past to the present have been examined and their reflections on the society have been examined. All over the world, health expenditures and applied health policies affect the economies of countries and have a significant share in their budgets. While doing this study, our aim was to compare the point of health policies implemented in our country with OECD (Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation) countries. In the study, it was benefited from the researches, thesis studies, current publications, books and published articles, the OECD (Economic Development and Cooperation Organization) and TUIK (Turkish Statistical Institute) literature review. Care was taken to keep the data up to date.
Society within health services refers to a whole set of services aimed at protecting the physical, mental and social effects of individuals. Health is the foundation of all life and is an irreplaceable and irreplaceable need. While health is accepted as an area where people cannot apply to health centers unless they feel uncomfortable, the health community and physicians consider it as a state of complete mental and physical well-being. Health consists of the approach of a personal understanding, enhanced level of well-being and the basic principles of a high society. It is also an indicator of health development assessment. In many countries, health is treated as a public service. Health in Turkey was handled for the first time in a way similar to the definition of the World Health Organization with the 1961 constitution. With the 1982 constitution, health insurance was accepted as a personal right. Structures and investments structured to fulfill this right aim to protect and develop the values of individuals and society. A healthy society, schools foster economic growth and form the basis of development. One of the first acts of the newly elected government in 2003 was to make a fundamental change in health. The newly created plan was named "Health Transformation Programme". With the Health Transformation Program, it is aimed to change the entire health structure and make it suitable for the conditions of the age. While all these studies were carried out, an efficient, equitable and effective operation was aimed. All the policies and studies that have been in effect from the past to the present have been examined and their reflections on the society have been examined. All over the world, health expenditures and applied health policies affect the economies of countries and have a significant share in their budgets. While doing this study, our aim was to compare the point of health policies implemented in our country with OECD (Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation) countries. In the study, it was benefited from the researches, thesis studies, current publications, books and published articles, the OECD (Economic Development and Cooperation Organization) and TUIK (Turkish Statistical Institute) literature review. Care was taken to keep the data up to date.
Description
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sağlık Yönetimi Ana Bilim Dalı
Keywords
Sağlık Yönetimi, Healthcare Management
