Dokuma kumaş terbiye işlemlerinin yaşam döngü değerlendirmesi bazında karşılaştırılması
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu tez çalışmasında, tekstil boyama ve bitim işlemlerinin çevresel ve insan sağlığı üzerine olan olası etkileri ile kaynak tüketimi yaşam döngü değerlendirmesi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Bu etkileri azaltma olanakları söz konusu işlemlerdeki sürdürülebilir üretim yöntemleri ve temiz üretim olanakları açısından incelenmiştir. Prosesler Mevcut En İyi Teknikler (MET) yaklaşımıyla değerlendirilmiş, tekstil boyahaneleri için sürdürülebilir üretim yetkinliği kontrol listesi oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmada polyester/viskon, CDP/viskon, yün/polyester ve yün/poliamid kumaşlara ait 16 farklı boyama sürecinin kapıdan kapıya yaşam döngüsü değerlendirmesi (YDD), ISO 14044:2006 Çevre Yönetimi-Yaşam Döngüsü DeğerlendirmesiGereksinimler ve Kılavuzlar Standardına göre, GaBi ts 9.5 profesyonel versiyonu kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Seçilen çevresel etki kategorileri, küresel ısınma (GWP100), asidifikasyon (AP), ötrofikasyon (EP), tatlı su ekotoksisite (FAETP), deniz suyu ekotoksisite (MAETP) ve insan toksisite (HTP) potansiyelleridir. YDD ile üretim sürecindeki hassas noktalar da belirlenmiştir. Genel olarak, boyama işlemlerinde yardımcı kimyasal olarak kullanılan sodyum sülfat, soda, egalizatör, yumuşatıcı madde ve yapısında ağır metal içeren boyarmaddeler hassas noktalar olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanında buhar, elektrik ve doğal gaz üretiminden kaynaklanan birincil emisyonlar çevresel etki kategorilerine farklı oranlarda etki etmektedir. Yün/poliamid kumaşların poliester içeren kumaşlara göre çevresel yükü daha azdır. Aynı şartlar altında işlem gören, aynı tip kumaşlarda renk koyuluğu arttıkça çevre yükünün de arttığı gözlenmiştir. Boyama renk koyuluğu yanında kumaşlara uygulanan ön işlem ve bitim işlem sayısı ve bunların proses şartları da çevresel etkiyi belirlemektedir
In this thesis, potential effects of textile dyeing and finishing processes on the environment, human health and resource consumption were evaluated on the base of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. Prospective improvements and accessible reductions in those impacts were examined in consideration of sustainable production methods and cleaner production opportunities for each particular process. The processes were reviewed with reference to the Best Available Techniques (BAT) approach, and a checklist was prepared to assess the sustainable production competency of textile dyehouses. A gate to gate LCA was carried out for 16 different dyeing processes of polyester/viscose, CDP/viscose, wool/polyester and wool/polyamide fabrics. LCAs were performed in accordance with the ISO 14044:2006 Environmental Management-Life Cycle Assessment-Requirements and Guidelines Standard, using GaBi ts 9.5 LCA professional version software. The selected environmental impact categories were global warming potential (GWP100), acidification potential (AP), human toxicity potential (HTP), eutrophication potential (EP), freshwater ecotoxicity potential (FAETP) and marine water ecotoxicity (MAETP). A hotspot analysis of the production process for each fabric quality was also achieved on the basis of the GaBi methodology of Gabi LCA software. In general, sodium sulphate, soda, levelling agent and softening agent used as auxiliary chemicals and dyestuffs containing heavy metals in dyeing processes were identified as the sources of hotspots. In addition, primary emissions from steam, electricity and natural gas production appear to affect the environmental impact categories at various rates. The LCIA results prove that wool/polyamide fabrics have less environmental impact than polyester containing fabrics . It was also observed that the significance of environmental impact increases as the dyeing colour gets darker while the fabric quality and process conditions remain the same. In addition to the shade of the colour, the number of pre-treatment and finishing processes applied and the process conditions also have great effect on the environmental impact.
In this thesis, potential effects of textile dyeing and finishing processes on the environment, human health and resource consumption were evaluated on the base of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. Prospective improvements and accessible reductions in those impacts were examined in consideration of sustainable production methods and cleaner production opportunities for each particular process. The processes were reviewed with reference to the Best Available Techniques (BAT) approach, and a checklist was prepared to assess the sustainable production competency of textile dyehouses. A gate to gate LCA was carried out for 16 different dyeing processes of polyester/viscose, CDP/viscose, wool/polyester and wool/polyamide fabrics. LCAs were performed in accordance with the ISO 14044:2006 Environmental Management-Life Cycle Assessment-Requirements and Guidelines Standard, using GaBi ts 9.5 LCA professional version software. The selected environmental impact categories were global warming potential (GWP100), acidification potential (AP), human toxicity potential (HTP), eutrophication potential (EP), freshwater ecotoxicity potential (FAETP) and marine water ecotoxicity (MAETP). A hotspot analysis of the production process for each fabric quality was also achieved on the basis of the GaBi methodology of Gabi LCA software. In general, sodium sulphate, soda, levelling agent and softening agent used as auxiliary chemicals and dyestuffs containing heavy metals in dyeing processes were identified as the sources of hotspots. In addition, primary emissions from steam, electricity and natural gas production appear to affect the environmental impact categories at various rates. The LCIA results prove that wool/polyamide fabrics have less environmental impact than polyester containing fabrics . It was also observed that the significance of environmental impact increases as the dyeing colour gets darker while the fabric quality and process conditions remain the same. In addition to the shade of the colour, the number of pre-treatment and finishing processes applied and the process conditions also have great effect on the environmental impact.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tekstil Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tekstil ve Tekstil Mühendisliği, Textile and Textile Engineering
