Ekonomik özgürlükler, demokrasi, politik istikrar ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Dünya ekonomilerinde son otuz yıldan bu yana küreselleşme süreci ile birlikte ekonomik alanda serbestleşme yaşanırken, siyasal alanda demokrasi küresel bir değer olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Küreselleşme kapsamında liberal iktisadi düşünce ve liberal ekonomik politikalar da yaygın hale gelmiştir. Özellikle Neoliberal hareketlerin beraberinde, iktisadi açıdan etki alanı genişleyen özgürlükçü akımlar, ülke ekonomileri için kaçınılmaz enstrümanlar haline gelmiş, ekonomik özgürlükler ve politik istikrarın devamlılığı, ekonomik refahın arttırılabilmesi amacıyla makroekonomik gelişmelerin odak noktası haline gelmiştir. İki kutuplu dünya düzeninden çok kutuplu dünya düzenine evrilen bu süreçte uluslararası ekonomik sistem içerisinde, uluslararası örgütler, daha fazla söz sahibi olmuşlardır. Bu kapsamda çalışmamızda dünya sisteminde ekonomik ve politik olarak, küresel ölçekte gerçekleşen ekonomik problemlerin çözümünde etkisi olan Ekonomik Kalkınma ve İşbirliği Örgütü (OECD) üyesi ülkeler tercih edilmiştir. Bu doktora tezinde 1996-2019 dönemi yüksek gelirli ülkeler olarak sınıflandırılan OECD üyesi ülkelerde demokrasi, ekonomik özgürlükler ve politik istikrar ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiler, politik istikrar, ekonomik özgürlükler ve demokrasi göstergeleri kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada bu amaç doğrultusunda seçilmiş OECD ülkeleri panel veri yöntemi (panel birim kök, panel eşbütünleşme) ile analiz edilmiştir. Bu analizler ile birlikte çalışmamızda uzun dönem parametre tahmini için Augmented Mean Group (AMG) ve Common Correlated Effect (CCE) testleri uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada OECD üyesi ülkelerin iktisadi bakımdan liberal bir ekonomik düzen içerisinde oldukları, siyasal otorite ile birlikte politik istikrarın ekonomik sistemde etken olduğu, demokrasi, politik istikrar ve ekonomik özgürlüklerin uzun dönemde iktisadi büyüme sürecini hızlandırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Demokrasi, Ekonomik Özgürlükler, Politik İstikrar, Panel Veri Analizi, Panel Eşbütünleşme
While liberalization has been experienced in the economic field with the globalization process in the world economies for the last thirty years, democracy has emerged as a global value in the political field. Within the scope of globalization, liberal economic thought and liberal economic policies have also become widespread. Especially with the neoliberal movements, libertarian ideas, whose sphere of influence has expanded economically, have become inevitable instruments for the economies of the countries, and the economic freedoms and continuity of political stability has become the focal point of macroeconomic developments in order to increase economic welfare. In this process, which has evolved from a bipolar world order to a multipolar world order, international organizations have had a greater say in the international economic system. In this context, in our study, the member countries of the Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation (OECD), which have an impact on the solution of economic and political problems in the world system, on a global scale, were preferred. In this doctoral thesis, the relations between democracy, economic freedoms, political stability and economic growth in OECD member countries classified as high-income countries for the period 1996-2019 are examined by using indicators of political stability, economic freedoms and democracy. In this study, selected OECD countries were analyzed by panel data method (panel unit root, panel cointegration). Along with these analyzes, Augmented Mean Group (AMG) and Common Correlated Effect (CCE) tests were applied for long-term parameter estimation in our study. In the study, it was concluded that OECD member countries are in an economically liberal economic order, political stability together with political authority are factors in the economic system, democracy, political stability and economic freedoms accelerate the economic growth process in the long run. Keywords: Democracy, economic freedoms, political stability, panel data analysis, panel cointegration
While liberalization has been experienced in the economic field with the globalization process in the world economies for the last thirty years, democracy has emerged as a global value in the political field. Within the scope of globalization, liberal economic thought and liberal economic policies have also become widespread. Especially with the neoliberal movements, libertarian ideas, whose sphere of influence has expanded economically, have become inevitable instruments for the economies of the countries, and the economic freedoms and continuity of political stability has become the focal point of macroeconomic developments in order to increase economic welfare. In this process, which has evolved from a bipolar world order to a multipolar world order, international organizations have had a greater say in the international economic system. In this context, in our study, the member countries of the Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation (OECD), which have an impact on the solution of economic and political problems in the world system, on a global scale, were preferred. In this doctoral thesis, the relations between democracy, economic freedoms, political stability and economic growth in OECD member countries classified as high-income countries for the period 1996-2019 are examined by using indicators of political stability, economic freedoms and democracy. In this study, selected OECD countries were analyzed by panel data method (panel unit root, panel cointegration). Along with these analyzes, Augmented Mean Group (AMG) and Common Correlated Effect (CCE) tests were applied for long-term parameter estimation in our study. In the study, it was concluded that OECD member countries are in an economically liberal economic order, political stability together with political authority are factors in the economic system, democracy, political stability and economic freedoms accelerate the economic growth process in the long run. Keywords: Democracy, economic freedoms, political stability, panel data analysis, panel cointegration
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İktisat Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ekonomi, Economics
