Türkiye'de tarımın finansmanında tarımsal kredilerin rolü: Edirne Bölgesi örneği
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2012
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalı?mada Türkiye?de tarım politikaları içinde önemli bir paya sahip olan tarımsal kredilerin tarım sektörüne etkileri incelenmi?, Edirne Bölgesi örneği ile tarımın finansmanında tarımsal kredilerin üstlenmi? olduğu rolün ortaya konulması amaçlanmı?tır. Çalı?mamızda, elde edilen verilerin ı?ığında Türkiye?de mevcut olan tarımsal destekleme politikaları ve tarımsal kredi politikaları değerlendirilmi?; kamu bankalarının, özel bankaların, Tarım Kredi Kooperatiflerinin ve Trakya Birlik Genel Müdürlüğünün vermi? olduğu tarımsal krediler incelenmi?tir. Ara?tırmaya ait orijinal veriler, Edirne bölgesinde yer alan dokuz ilçede oransal dağılım ile seçilen 380 tarımsal i?letmenin sahipleri ile yüz yüze görü?me yoluyla yapılan anketlerden edinilmi?tir. Saha ara?tırmamızda anketlerden elde ettiğimiz bu veriler, istatistikî açıdan bilgisayar ortamında paket programıyla, Logistik Regresyon yönteminden yararlanılarak analiz edilmi?tir. Ara?tırma sonuçlarına göre tarımsal i?letme sahiplerinin %64,2?sinin organize olmu? tarımsal kredi kaynaklarından; % 14,5?inin ise organize olmamı? tarımsal kredi kaynaklarından kredi kullanarak tarımsal i?letmelerini finanse ettikleri tespit edilmi?tir. Üreticilerin organize olmu? tarımsal kredi kaynaklarından tarımsal kredi kullanımlarını; ya?ları, sosyal güvenceleri, eğitim durumları, tasarruf durumları, tarımsal kurulu?lara üye olmaları, yıllık giderleri ve yabancı i?çi kullanmalarının etkilediği tespit edilmi?tir. Ayrıca üreticilerin organize olmamı? tarımsal kredi kaynaklarından kredi kullanımlarındaysa sosyal güvence durumlarının, yabancı i?çi kullanma sıklığının ve tasarruf durumlarının etkili olduğu gözlemlenmi?tir. Sonuç olarak; Türkiye?de tarım, devlet tarafından daha fazla desteklenmeli ve üreticilerin kullandıkları kredilerin etkin bir ?ekilde kullandırılması sağlanmalıdır. Miras hukuku yoluyla arazilerin parçalanması engellenmeli, çiftçilerin etkin bir ?ekilde örgütlenmesi sağlanmalı ve üreticilerin finansman eksiğini tamamlayacak Kooperatifler Bankası kurulmalıdır. Ayrıca tarımın rekabet gücünü koruyucu ve uzun vadeli sürdürülebilir bir tarım politikasının hayata geçirilmesi önerilmektedir.
This study examined the effects of agricultural loans in the agricultural sector which has a significant share of agricultural policies in Turkey, with an example of Edirne region aimed to understand the role it has assumed in agricultural loans for financing of agriculture. In our study, in the light of the data obtained existing agricultural support policies, and agricultural credit policies in Turkey were evaluated, agricultural loans given by state banks, private banks, the Agricultural Credit Cooperatives and General Directorate of Union of Thrace are studied. The original data in the study obtained from surveys made through interviews with 380 owners of agricultural holdings elected by proportional distribution, in the nine counties located in Edirne. These data obtained from field questionnaires study were analyzed in terms of statistically by package program in computer using logistic regression method. According to the survey results it is identified that, 64.2% of agricultural business owners use credit from organized agricultural credit sources and 14.5% use credit from unorganized agricultural credit sources to finance their enterprises. It was determined that age, social security, educational status, saving states, being a member of agricultural organizations, the annual costs and using foreign workers effect the producers credit usage from organized agricultural credit sources. In addition, it has been observed that, producers social security status and frequency of use of foreign workers and saving states are effective in their using credit from unorganized agricultural credit sources. As a result, agriculture is expected to be supported more by the state in Turkey and the credits used by producers are expected to be ensured to use more effective. Parcel should be prevented through the law of inheritance, the efficient organization of farmers should be provided and Bank of co-operatives should be established to complement the financing shortcomings of producers. In addition, the implementation of a agriculture policy that is long-term sustainable and protective for the competitiveness of agriculture is recommended.
This study examined the effects of agricultural loans in the agricultural sector which has a significant share of agricultural policies in Turkey, with an example of Edirne region aimed to understand the role it has assumed in agricultural loans for financing of agriculture. In our study, in the light of the data obtained existing agricultural support policies, and agricultural credit policies in Turkey were evaluated, agricultural loans given by state banks, private banks, the Agricultural Credit Cooperatives and General Directorate of Union of Thrace are studied. The original data in the study obtained from surveys made through interviews with 380 owners of agricultural holdings elected by proportional distribution, in the nine counties located in Edirne. These data obtained from field questionnaires study were analyzed in terms of statistically by package program in computer using logistic regression method. According to the survey results it is identified that, 64.2% of agricultural business owners use credit from organized agricultural credit sources and 14.5% use credit from unorganized agricultural credit sources to finance their enterprises. It was determined that age, social security, educational status, saving states, being a member of agricultural organizations, the annual costs and using foreign workers effect the producers credit usage from organized agricultural credit sources. In addition, it has been observed that, producers social security status and frequency of use of foreign workers and saving states are effective in their using credit from unorganized agricultural credit sources. As a result, agriculture is expected to be supported more by the state in Turkey and the credits used by producers are expected to be ensured to use more effective. Parcel should be prevented through the law of inheritance, the efficient organization of farmers should be provided and Bank of co-operatives should be established to complement the financing shortcomings of producers. In addition, the implementation of a agriculture policy that is long-term sustainable and protective for the competitiveness of agriculture is recommended.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Finansman, Tarım Kredileri, Tarımsal Destekleme, Logit Modeli, Finance, Agricultural creditds, Agricultural credits, Logit model
