2008 krizi sonrası Türkiye'de uygulanan vergi politikası ve sonuçları
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Date
2023
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Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Ekonomik kriz, temel makroekonomik değişkenlerin çeşitli nedenlerle ve ani olarak iktisadi (ileriye dönük) dalgalanması ve bunun sonucunda iktisadi faaliyetlerin sekteye uğraması ve beklentilerin kötüleşmesi olarak tanımlanabilir. 1980'li yılından itibaren sıklıkla küreselleşmenin beraberinde getirdiği dalgalanmaların etkileri görülmektedir. Daha önceleri yaşanan ekonomik krizlerin etki alanı ekseriyetle çıktığı ülkeyle sınırlıyken 1990 yılından itibaren etki alanını genişleterek, ticari ilişki ve bağlantı içinde olunan diğer ülkelere de yayılabilmektedir. Krizlerin etkileri yalnızca ekonomiyle sınırlı kalmayıp, sosyal ve politik yıkımlar da sebebiyet verdiği için sonrasında bir dizi tedbirler ve müdahaleler uygulanmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda krizi erken tespit etmek ve uygulanacak iktisat politikası, bu politikaların zamanlaması önem arz etmekle birlikte kullanılacak politika araçlarının da birbiriyle uyumlu olması mücadele kapsamında büyük önem taşımaktadır. Dünyada ve Türkiye'de yaşanan ekonomik krizlerin çıkış noktalarına bakıldığında; kamu açıkları, uygulanan yanlış vergi politikaları, genişletici maliye politikalarının yarattığı kamu gelir-gider dengesizlikleri, kamu kesimindeki yapısal bozukluklar gibi bir dizi ortak sebeplerin olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca yüksek faiz oranları, aşırı açık döviz pozisyonları ve cari işlemler açığı gibi bir takım makroekonomik sorun eklendiği zaman kriz kaçınılmaz haline gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, 2008 küresel ekonomik krizin Türkiye üzerindeki etkileri ve bu krizle mücadelede uygulanan vergi politikalarının etkilerinin ortaya konması amaçlanmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: 2008 Krizi, Vergi politikaları, Kriz, Mücadele
The economic crisis can be defined as the sudden economic (forward-looking) fluctuation of the main macroeconomic variables for various reasons, and as a result, the interruption of economic activities and the worsening of expectations. Since the 1980s, the effects of fluctuations brought about by globalization have been observed frequently. While the area of influence of the economic crises experienced in the past was mostly limited to the country where it originated, since 1990, it has expanded its area of influence and spread to other countries with which it has commercial relations and connections. Since the effects of the crises are not only limited to the economy, but also cause social and political destruction, a series of measures and interventions are tried to be implemented afterwards. In this respect, early detection of the crisis and the economic policy to be implemented and the timing of these policies are important, and the compatibility of the policy instruments to be used is of great importance within the scope of the struggle. When we look at the starting points of the economic crises in the world and in Turkey; It is seen that there are a number of common reasons such as public deficits, wrong tax policies applied, public income-expenditure imbalances created by expansionary fiscal policies, and structural disorders in the public sector. In addition, when a number of macroeconomic problems such as high interest rates, excessively open foreign exchange positions and current account deficit are added, the crisis becomes inevitable. In this study, it is aimed to reveal the effects of the 2008 global economic crisis on Turkey and the effects of tax policies implemented in the fight against this crisis. Keywords:2008 Crisis, Taxpolicies, Crisis, Struggle
The economic crisis can be defined as the sudden economic (forward-looking) fluctuation of the main macroeconomic variables for various reasons, and as a result, the interruption of economic activities and the worsening of expectations. Since the 1980s, the effects of fluctuations brought about by globalization have been observed frequently. While the area of influence of the economic crises experienced in the past was mostly limited to the country where it originated, since 1990, it has expanded its area of influence and spread to other countries with which it has commercial relations and connections. Since the effects of the crises are not only limited to the economy, but also cause social and political destruction, a series of measures and interventions are tried to be implemented afterwards. In this respect, early detection of the crisis and the economic policy to be implemented and the timing of these policies are important, and the compatibility of the policy instruments to be used is of great importance within the scope of the struggle. When we look at the starting points of the economic crises in the world and in Turkey; It is seen that there are a number of common reasons such as public deficits, wrong tax policies applied, public income-expenditure imbalances created by expansionary fiscal policies, and structural disorders in the public sector. In addition, when a number of macroeconomic problems such as high interest rates, excessively open foreign exchange positions and current account deficit are added, the crisis becomes inevitable. In this study, it is aimed to reveal the effects of the 2008 global economic crisis on Turkey and the effects of tax policies implemented in the fight against this crisis. Keywords:2008 Crisis, Taxpolicies, Crisis, Struggle
Description
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İktisat Ana Bilim Dalı
Keywords
Ekonomi, Economics
