İstanbul'da tüketime sunulan hazır sebze salatalarının mikrobiyal güvenliğin belirlenmesi
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Date
2014
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Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, İstanbul’un ilçeleri arasında yer alan Esenler, Fatih, Beşiktaş, Üsküdar, Kadıköy ve Ümraniye’de bulunan lokanta ve restoranlardan 180 örnek toplanmıştır. Toplanan örneklerin mikrobiyal kalitesinin belirlenmesi amacıyla; toplam mezofil aerob bakteri, maya küf, psikrofil, fekal koliform ve E.coli, S.aureus, E.coli O157:H7, L.monocytogenes ve Salmonella sayımı bakımından test edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda varlığı tespit edilen S.aureus’a koagülaz testi uygulanmıştır. Esenler, Fatih ve Beşiktaş ilçelerindeki salata örneklerinde toplam mezofil aerob bakteri sayısı sırasıyla 4,34-6,42 log kob/g, 3,69-5,61 log kob/g ve 4,05-6,00 log kob/g aralığında değişmiştir. Üsküdar, Kadıköy ve Ümraniye’de ise bu sayılar sırasıyla 2,57-5,32 log kob/g, 4,01-5,64 log kob/g ve 4,24-6,13 log kob/g aralığındadır. Maya küf sayımı Esenler, Fatih ve Beşiktaş’ta sırasıyla 2,47-4,82 log kob/g, 2,84-5,30 log kob/g, 3,60-5,05 log kob/g aralığındayken, Üsküdar, Kadıköy ve Ümraniye’de ise 2,00-4,41 log kob/g, 2,00-4,16 log kob/g ve 3,43-4,91 log kob/g aralığında değişmiştir. Psikrofil mikroorganizma bakımından en yüksek sayım ortalama 6,41 log kob/g ile Esenler ilçesinde tespit edilirken, en düşük sayım 5,66 log kob/g ile Üsküdar’dan toplanan örneklerden elde edilmiştir. Hiçbir örnekte Salmonella’ya rastlanılmamıştır. E.coli O157:H7 ve L.monocytogenes sırasıyla örneklerin %22,77 ve %25’inde tespit edilmiştir. Örnekler fekal koliform bakımından değerlendirildiğinde; fekal koliform miktarı en fazla olan ilçe 3588,1 adet/ml ile Esenler’dir. Analiz edilen örneklerin %7,22’sinde E.coli izole edilmiştir. S.aureus sayısı Esenler, Fatih ve Beşiktaş’ta 2,00-3,52 log kob/g, 2,00-2,59 log kob/g, 2,00-2,51 log kob/g aralığında değişirken, Üsküdar, Kadıköy ve Ümraniye’de 2,00-2,44 log kob/g, 2,00-2,50 log kob/g ve 2,00-2,26 log kob/g’dır. S.aureus sayımı yapılan örneklerden %22,77’si koagülaz pozitif bulunmuştur.
In this study, a total of 180 samples were collected from restaurants which were located Esenler, Fatih, Beşiktaş, Üsküdar, Kadıköy and Ümraniye in Istanbul. The samples which were collected in order to determine the microbial quality of fresh salads were examined for total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, yeast and mould, psychrophile bacterial counts, fecal coliforms bacteria and E.coli, enumeration of S.aureus and detection of E.coli O157:H7, L.monocytogenes, Salmonella. In the mean time, the samples which were included S.aureus were carried out coagulase test. The enumeration of total aerobic mesophilic bacteria in Esenler, Fatih and Beşiktaş ranged from 4,34 to 6,42 log10 cfu/g, 3,69 to 5,61 log10 cfu/g and 4,05 to 6,00 log10 cfu/g, respectively. However, the enumeration of total aerobic mesophilic bacteria in Üsküdar, Kadıköy and Ümraniye ranged from 2,57 to 5,32 log10 cfu/g, 4,01 to 5,64 log10 cfu/g and 4,24 to 6,13 log10 cfu/g, respectively. While the highest counts of psychrophile bacteria was found in Esenler with 6,41 log10 cfu/g, the lowest counts was obtained from samples collected in Üsküdar with 5,66 log10 cfu/g. No Salmonella was detected in the samples analysed in this study. E.coli O157:H7 and L.monocytogenes were determined 22,77% and 25% of the samples, respectively. When the samples were evaluated in terms of total coliforms counts, Esenler had the highest count with 3588,1 MPN/g. E.coli was isolated 7,22% of in the samples analysed in this study. The enumeration of S.aureus in Esenler, Fatih and Beşiktaş ranged from 2,00 to 3,52 log10 cfu/g, 2,00 to 2,59 log10 cfu/g and 2,00 to 2,51 log10 cfu/g, respectively. However, the enumeration of S.aureus in Üsküdar, Kadıköy and Ümraniye ranged from 2,00 to 2,44 log10 cfu/g, 2,00 to 2,50 log10 cfu/g and 2,00 to 2,26 log10 cfu/g, respectively. 22,77% of the samples enumerated in terms of S.aureus were positive for coagulase.
In this study, a total of 180 samples were collected from restaurants which were located Esenler, Fatih, Beşiktaş, Üsküdar, Kadıköy and Ümraniye in Istanbul. The samples which were collected in order to determine the microbial quality of fresh salads were examined for total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, yeast and mould, psychrophile bacterial counts, fecal coliforms bacteria and E.coli, enumeration of S.aureus and detection of E.coli O157:H7, L.monocytogenes, Salmonella. In the mean time, the samples which were included S.aureus were carried out coagulase test. The enumeration of total aerobic mesophilic bacteria in Esenler, Fatih and Beşiktaş ranged from 4,34 to 6,42 log10 cfu/g, 3,69 to 5,61 log10 cfu/g and 4,05 to 6,00 log10 cfu/g, respectively. However, the enumeration of total aerobic mesophilic bacteria in Üsküdar, Kadıköy and Ümraniye ranged from 2,57 to 5,32 log10 cfu/g, 4,01 to 5,64 log10 cfu/g and 4,24 to 6,13 log10 cfu/g, respectively. While the highest counts of psychrophile bacteria was found in Esenler with 6,41 log10 cfu/g, the lowest counts was obtained from samples collected in Üsküdar with 5,66 log10 cfu/g. No Salmonella was detected in the samples analysed in this study. E.coli O157:H7 and L.monocytogenes were determined 22,77% and 25% of the samples, respectively. When the samples were evaluated in terms of total coliforms counts, Esenler had the highest count with 3588,1 MPN/g. E.coli was isolated 7,22% of in the samples analysed in this study. The enumeration of S.aureus in Esenler, Fatih and Beşiktaş ranged from 2,00 to 3,52 log10 cfu/g, 2,00 to 2,59 log10 cfu/g and 2,00 to 2,51 log10 cfu/g, respectively. However, the enumeration of S.aureus in Üsküdar, Kadıköy and Ümraniye ranged from 2,00 to 2,44 log10 cfu/g, 2,00 to 2,50 log10 cfu/g and 2,00 to 2,26 log10 cfu/g, respectively. 22,77% of the samples enumerated in terms of S.aureus were positive for coagulase.
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Keywords
Salata, S.aureus, E.coli O157:H7, L.monocytogenes, E.coli, Salmonella, Salad
