BAZI ESANSİYEL YAĞLARLA ANTİFUNGAL YENİLEBİLİR ZEİN FİLMİ GELİŞTİRİLMESİ VE KASE MARGARİNE UYGULANMASI
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2014
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
Özet
Bu araştırmada, birtakım esansiyel yağların ilavesiyle elde edilen zein filmlerin bazı küf ve mayalar üzerine antifungal etkileri ile bu filmlerin margarin sanayiinde problem oluşturan Aspergillus fumigatus’un inhibisyonu için kullanım olanakları incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla bazı esansiyel yağların yenilebilir özellikteki zein film çözeltisi içerisine eklenerek, fonksiyonel film elde edilmesi gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen bu filmin margarine uygulanarak, depolama süresince küf gelişimi ve oksidasyon oluşumuna etkileri incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın ilk aşamasında; farklı konsantrasyonda kekik (Thymus vulgaris), defne (Laurus nobilis) ve portakal (Citrus sinensis) esansiyel yağlarını tek başlarına ve kombinasyonlarını içeren zein filmlerin denemede kullanılan küf ve mayalar üzerine inhibitör etkileri, inhibisyon zon çapları ölçülmek suretiyle belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerden; kekik esansiyel yağı ve kekik-defne esansiyel yağlarını birlikte içeren filmlerin, önceki çalışmalarda kullanılan margarinlerden izole edilmiş sıcaklığa dayanıklı Aspergillus fumigatus’a karşı çok etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir Defne esansiyel yağının radikal yakalama aktivitesinin, portakal esansiyel yağına göre daha fazla olduğunun belirlenmesiyle birlikte; raf ömrü çalışmalarında margarinin Aspergillus fumigatus ile kontaminasyonuna ve kekik ile defne esansiyel yağlarının zein film içerisinde birlikte kullanılmasına karar verilmiş ve Aspergillus fumigatus’a karşı film çözeltilerinin içerdiği minimum inhibisyon konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın ikinci aşamasında ise; raf ömrü çalışması için pilot tesiste üretilen margarinler, beş farklı grup olarak hazırlanmış olup, depolama süresince Aspergillus fumigatus’un inhibisyon durumu ile diğer kimyasal özellikleri incelenmiştir. Depolama sonunda üç margarin grubunda duyusal analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın üçüncü aşamasında; üretilen filmlerin mekanik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Gerilme direncini en çok kekik esansiyel yağını içeren film göstermiş olup, en fazla uzama yüzdesine sahip film ise potasyum sorbat içeren zein film olarak belirlenmiştir.
In this research, antifungal effects of zein films, obtained by incorporation of some essential oils, over some mold and yeasts and possibility of using these films for the inhibition of A. fumigatus which contitutes problems at margarine industry was searched. For this purpose, obtaining functional film by incorporating some essential oils to edible zein film solutions was carried out and by applying this obtained film to margarine, the effect over mold growth and oxidation formation during storage was observed. At the first stage of investigation, inhibitory effects of zein films including thyme (Thymus vulgaris), laurel (Laurus nobilis) and orange (Citrus sinensis) essential oils alone or the combinations of these essential oils together at different concentrations were determined over mold and yeasts used in essay, by measuring inhibition zone diameter. From the obtained data, films containing thyme essential oil, thyme-laurel essential oils together were determined very effective against heat resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from margarines used in previous studies. By determining the radical scavenging activity of laurel essential oil was higher than orange essential oil, for shelf life studies, contamination of margarine with Aspergillus fumigatus and use of thyme and laurel essential oils together in zein film were decided and minimum inhibition concentrations that zein film solutions contained were determined against Aspergillus fumigatus. At the second stage of investigation, margarines produced in pilot plant, were prepared as five different groups and investigated the case of A. fumigatus inhibition and other chemical properties during storage. At the end of storage, sensory analysis were performed in three groups of margarine. At the third stage of investigation, mechanical properties of produced films were searched. Film containing thyme essential oil showed highest tensile strength whereas film having most elongation percent value was determined as zein film including potassium sorbate.
In this research, antifungal effects of zein films, obtained by incorporation of some essential oils, over some mold and yeasts and possibility of using these films for the inhibition of A. fumigatus which contitutes problems at margarine industry was searched. For this purpose, obtaining functional film by incorporating some essential oils to edible zein film solutions was carried out and by applying this obtained film to margarine, the effect over mold growth and oxidation formation during storage was observed. At the first stage of investigation, inhibitory effects of zein films including thyme (Thymus vulgaris), laurel (Laurus nobilis) and orange (Citrus sinensis) essential oils alone or the combinations of these essential oils together at different concentrations were determined over mold and yeasts used in essay, by measuring inhibition zone diameter. From the obtained data, films containing thyme essential oil, thyme-laurel essential oils together were determined very effective against heat resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from margarines used in previous studies. By determining the radical scavenging activity of laurel essential oil was higher than orange essential oil, for shelf life studies, contamination of margarine with Aspergillus fumigatus and use of thyme and laurel essential oils together in zein film were decided and minimum inhibition concentrations that zein film solutions contained were determined against Aspergillus fumigatus. At the second stage of investigation, margarines produced in pilot plant, were prepared as five different groups and investigated the case of A. fumigatus inhibition and other chemical properties during storage. At the end of storage, sensory analysis were performed in three groups of margarine. At the third stage of investigation, mechanical properties of produced films were searched. Film containing thyme essential oil showed highest tensile strength whereas film having most elongation percent value was determined as zein film including potassium sorbate.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Antifungal aktivite, Radikal yakalama aktivitesi, Esansiyel yağlar, Margarin, Mekanik özellik, Zein film, Antifungal activity, Radical scavenging activity, Essential oils, Margarine, Mechanical properties, Zein film
