TRAKYA BÖLGESİNDE BÜYÜKBAŞ HAYVANCILIK İŞLETMELERİNİN ETKİNLİK ANALİZİ
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2015
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
Özet
Bu araştırma, Trakya Bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren büyükbaş hayvancılık işletmelerinin etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla, Edirne, Kırklareli ve Tekirdağ illerine bağlı TÜRK-VET (Veteriner Bilgi Sistemi) kayıtlarında beş baş üzeri işletme listeleri alınarak basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen işletmelerle anket yolu ile yürütülmüştür. Basit tesadüfî örnekleme yöntemine göre yapılan örneklemede anket yapılan işletme sayısı 220 olarak belirlenmiştir. Edirne iline bağlı 28 köyde toplam 93 üreticiyle, Kırklareli iline bağlı 30 köyde toplam 58 üreticiyle, Tekirdağ iline bağlı 43 köyde toplam 69 üreticiyle anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Anketlerin tamamlanmasının arından araştırma bulguları işletmeler ortalaması olarak verilirken, ilave olarak işletme büyüklüklerine göre karşılaştırmalar yapabilmek adına, 5-9,99, 10-19,99, 20-49,99 ve 50+ olmak üzere tabakalar oluşturulmuştur. İlk grupta 67 işletme, ikinci grupta79 işletme, üçüncü grupta 55 işletme ve dördüncü grupta19 işletme yer almaktadır. İncelenen işletmelerde BBHB cinsinden büyüklük ortalaması 23,7'dir Araştırma alanında birinci grupta destekleme dahil BBHB başına 765,70 TL, ikinci grupta 1080,40 TL, üçüncü grupta 1133,50 TL, dördüncü grupta 2277,50 TL ve işletmeler ortalamasında 1150,30 TL brüt kâr elde edilmiştir. Çok boyutlu ölçekleme analizinde üreticilerin üretim maliyetleri, süt fiyatı, teknik sorunlar ve pazarlama sorunlarına ait yargılar konumlandırılmıştır. Yem dönüşüm oranı, süt sığırcılığı brüt üretim değeri (BÜD)'nin yem masrafına bölünmesiyle elde edilmiştir. Buna göre tüm işletmeler oranı % 129,16 olarak hesaplanmıştır Trakya bölgesinde günlük süt verimi ortalaması 18 lt'dir. İncelenen işletmelerde ortalama yem gideri yıllık 59.010 TL olup, BBHB başına ortalama 2020 TL 'dir. Fabrika yemi yıllık ortalama yem giderleri içerisinde 26.268 TL ile ilk sırayı almaktadır. İşletmelerin etkinlik ölçümleri Veri zarflama yöntemiyle yapılmıştır. Teknik etkinlik, kaynak dağıtım etkinliği ve ekonomik etkinlik katsayıları belirlenmiştir. İşletmeler ortalamasına göre, saf teknik etkinlik 0,62, teknik etkinlik 0,49, ölçek etkinliği 0,80, kaynak dağıtım etkinliği 0,68, ekonomik etkinlik ise 0,42 olarak bulunmuştur. Ekonomik etkinlik üzerine etkisi olan faktörler de Tobit modeli kurularak belirlenmiştir. Model sonuçlarına göre, işletme sahiplerinin eğitim, deneyim, BBHB cinsinden işletme büyüklüğünün, üye oldukları tarımsal örgüt sayılarının ekonomik etkinlik üzerinde pozitif etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir.
This research has been carried out via surveys determined according to simple random sampling method at listed enterprises with over five cattle population in Edirne, Kırklareli and Tekirdağ districts registered to TÜRK-VET (Veterinary Information System) in order to determine the efficiency of livestock enterprises in Trakya region. The number of enterprises was determined as 220 with the survey carried out according to simple random sampling method. The survey has been carried out in 28 villages of Edirne on 93 producers, in 30 villages of Kırklareli on 58 producers, and in 43 villages of Tekirdağ on 69 producers. Following the surveys carried out in the above mentioned enterprises, the research findings were given as enterprise ratio; and in addition to this in order to make comparison among enterprises according to their capacity, groups have been formed as 5-9,99, 10-19,99, 20-49,99 and 50+. The number of enterprises in each group was determined to be 67, 79, 55, and 19 respectively. The scale of the surveyed enterprises in terms of animal unity was found out as 23,7. At surveyed enterprises, gross profit including financial support was found out to be 765,70 TL at the first group, 1080,40 TL at the second group, 1133,50 TL at the third group, 2277,50 TL at the fourth group, and the average gross profit of all enterprises was determined as 1150.30 TL. Considerations about production costs, price of milk, technical problems and marketing issues have been included into multidimensional scaling analysis. Feed conversion ratio has been obtained through dividing gross production value of dairy farming to feed costs. Accordingly, the ratio was calculated as 129,16 % among all enterprises. The average daily milk yield has been found out to be 18 lt. in Trakya region. The annual expenditure for feed at surveyed enterprises was calculated as 59.010 TL, and average as 2020 TL per animal unit. Factory feed takes the first place among annual feed costs with 26.268 TL The measurement of efficiency of the enterprises has been carried out through data envelopment method. Technical efficiency, resource allocation, and economic efficiency coefficient of enterprises have been found out through this method. According to the enterprise ratio, pure technical efficiency has been found out to be 0,62, technical efficiency to be 0,49, scale efficiency to be 0,80, resource allocation efficiency to be 0,68, and economic efficiency to be 0,42. The factors that have impact on economic efficiency were determined through Tobit model. According to the model results, it has been determined that the level of education and training, experience, the scale of the enterprise in terms of animal unit, and the number of agricultural organization the owners are part of have a positive impact on the economic efficiency.
This research has been carried out via surveys determined according to simple random sampling method at listed enterprises with over five cattle population in Edirne, Kırklareli and Tekirdağ districts registered to TÜRK-VET (Veterinary Information System) in order to determine the efficiency of livestock enterprises in Trakya region. The number of enterprises was determined as 220 with the survey carried out according to simple random sampling method. The survey has been carried out in 28 villages of Edirne on 93 producers, in 30 villages of Kırklareli on 58 producers, and in 43 villages of Tekirdağ on 69 producers. Following the surveys carried out in the above mentioned enterprises, the research findings were given as enterprise ratio; and in addition to this in order to make comparison among enterprises according to their capacity, groups have been formed as 5-9,99, 10-19,99, 20-49,99 and 50+. The number of enterprises in each group was determined to be 67, 79, 55, and 19 respectively. The scale of the surveyed enterprises in terms of animal unity was found out as 23,7. At surveyed enterprises, gross profit including financial support was found out to be 765,70 TL at the first group, 1080,40 TL at the second group, 1133,50 TL at the third group, 2277,50 TL at the fourth group, and the average gross profit of all enterprises was determined as 1150.30 TL. Considerations about production costs, price of milk, technical problems and marketing issues have been included into multidimensional scaling analysis. Feed conversion ratio has been obtained through dividing gross production value of dairy farming to feed costs. Accordingly, the ratio was calculated as 129,16 % among all enterprises. The average daily milk yield has been found out to be 18 lt. in Trakya region. The annual expenditure for feed at surveyed enterprises was calculated as 59.010 TL, and average as 2020 TL per animal unit. Factory feed takes the first place among annual feed costs with 26.268 TL The measurement of efficiency of the enterprises has been carried out through data envelopment method. Technical efficiency, resource allocation, and economic efficiency coefficient of enterprises have been found out through this method. According to the enterprise ratio, pure technical efficiency has been found out to be 0,62, technical efficiency to be 0,49, scale efficiency to be 0,80, resource allocation efficiency to be 0,68, and economic efficiency to be 0,42. The factors that have impact on economic efficiency were determined through Tobit model. According to the model results, it has been determined that the level of education and training, experience, the scale of the enterprise in terms of animal unit, and the number of agricultural organization the owners are part of have a positive impact on the economic efficiency.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Trakya Bölgesi, Brüt Kar analizi, Teknik, tahsis, ekonomik etkinlik, Çok boyutlu ölçekleme analizi, Veri zarflama analizi, Yem dönüşüm oranı, Tobit modeli, Trakya region, Gross profit analysis, Technical efficiency, Allocational efficiency, Economic efficiency, Multidimensional scaling analysis, Data envelopment analysis, Feed conversion ratio, Tobit model
