VOLTAIRE VE MICROMEGAS ADLI FELSEFİ HİKÂYESİ ÜZERİNE
Yükleniyor...
Tarih
2014
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
XVIII. yüzyıl ünlü Fransız düşünürü ve yazarı Voltaire, yaşamı boyunca deneyimlediği duygu ve düşüncelerini yazınsal alana da taşımıştır. Şiir ve tragedya yazarı ünlü düşünür, yaşadığı kimi olaylar ve karşılaştığı insanlarca etkilenmiştir. Kendine özgü üslubu ve felsefi yaklaşımıyla, yaşadığı devire ve topluma getirdiği eleştiri çağdaşlarını olduğu kadar kendinden sonraki düşünürleri de etkisi altına almıştır. Voltaire’in Micromégas adlı felsefi hikâyesi XVIII. yüzyıl Fransa’sındaki felsefe ve bilim çatışmasını konu edinmektedir. Yüzyılın bilim adamlarının, elde ettikleri bilimsel verileri kesin geçerli ilkeler olarak değerlendirmeleri ve tartışma kabul etmez yaklaşımları, düşünürün görelilik yaklaşımı çerçevesinde eleştirilmiştir. Katı bilimsel verilerin karşısına felsefi sorgulamaları koyan Voltaire, devrinin gerçekliğinin, gelecek yüzyılların yanılgısı olabileceğini işaret etmektedir. Gerek öyküleme biçemi gerekse de tercih edilen anlatı kişilerinin felsefi yaklaşımları ünlü düşünürün ortaya koyduğu tartışmanın yöntemini ve taraflarını belirlemesi açısından önemlidir. Yazar, kimi yazın eleştirmenlerince felsefi hikâyenin yaratıcısı olarak anılmakta ise de yazın tarihine dair yapılan artsüremli okuma, bu iddiayı doğrulamamaktadır. Voltaire’in sürgün yıllarında sığındığı İngiltere’de tanıştığı düşünürler ve yazınsal yapıtlar, yazarın imgelem dünyasını etkilemiştir. Jonathan Swift bu isimler arasında önceliğe sahiptir. Farklı akademik kaynaklarda görülen bulgular, ünlü İngiliz yazarın imgesel bir yolculuğu anlattığı yapıtını, M.S. II. yüzyılda Samsatlı Lukianos’un Gerçek Öykü adlı hikâyesinden etkilenerek kalem aldığını işaret etmektedir. Yapılan incelemeyle her üç yazınsal yapıtın izleksel ve biçemsel ortaklıkları tespit edilmeye ve Voltaire’in Micromégas adlı hikâyesindeki felsefe-bilim çatışması serimlenmeye çalışılacaktır.
The 18th century celebrated French philosopher and writer Voltaire transferred his sentiments and ideas that he experienced during his life to the literary domain. The philosopher as a writer of poetry and tragedy was affected by the people that he met and by the events that he experienced. His criticism towards to the age and the society that he lived in influenced the thinkers of his age and the descendents by his original approach philosophy and style. Voltaire’s philosophical story Micromégas reveals the conflict of science and philosophy in the 18th century. The evaluation of the scientific specifications as the only reality and invariable principles by the age’s scientists, was criticized by the philosopher within the scope of the theory of relativity. Voltaire expresses that the forthcoming centuries can evaluate the truth of the age as an illusion by putting philosophical interrogations towards to the scientifically truth. Both the form of the story and the philosophical approaches to the fictional character are important for the philosopher in order to specify the method of the discussion and the proponents. Despite the author being named as the creator of the philosophical story, by means of a diachronic research, we see that the fact is different. The philosophers and literary works that Voltaire met during the exile years when he took refuge in England effected the author’s imagination. Jonathan Swift is predominant between these authors. According to the certain evaluations in various academically resources, the celebrated English author wrote his story which tells about an imaginary travel, as inspired by the True Story of Lucian who lived in 2nd century B.C II. The common thematic and stylistic features of the three works and the conflict of science-philosophy are discussed in the present study.
The 18th century celebrated French philosopher and writer Voltaire transferred his sentiments and ideas that he experienced during his life to the literary domain. The philosopher as a writer of poetry and tragedy was affected by the people that he met and by the events that he experienced. His criticism towards to the age and the society that he lived in influenced the thinkers of his age and the descendents by his original approach philosophy and style. Voltaire’s philosophical story Micromégas reveals the conflict of science and philosophy in the 18th century. The evaluation of the scientific specifications as the only reality and invariable principles by the age’s scientists, was criticized by the philosopher within the scope of the theory of relativity. Voltaire expresses that the forthcoming centuries can evaluate the truth of the age as an illusion by putting philosophical interrogations towards to the scientifically truth. Both the form of the story and the philosophical approaches to the fictional character are important for the philosopher in order to specify the method of the discussion and the proponents. Despite the author being named as the creator of the philosophical story, by means of a diachronic research, we see that the fact is different. The philosophers and literary works that Voltaire met during the exile years when he took refuge in England effected the author’s imagination. Jonathan Swift is predominant between these authors. According to the certain evaluations in various academically resources, the celebrated English author wrote his story which tells about an imaginary travel, as inspired by the True Story of Lucian who lived in 2nd century B.C II. The common thematic and stylistic features of the three works and the conflict of science-philosophy are discussed in the present study.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Felsefi Hikâye, Voltaire, Jonathan Swift, Lukianos, Seyahat, Pilosophical Story, Voltaire, Jonathan Swift, Lucian, Travel
Kaynak
HUMANITAS - Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
2
Sayı
4
