Kur’ân-I Kerîm’de Tebennî İle İlgili Âyetlere Ebü’l-Berekât En-Nesefî Ve Adudüddîn El-Îcî’nin Yaklaşımlarının Mukâyesesi
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Tarih
2017
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Hukuk ıstılahında tebennî/evlat edinme; “bir çocuğu kendi öz babasından başkasına nispet etmek, onun adına çağırmak ve onun nüfusuna kaydetmek”1 anlamında kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Ahzâb; 33/4, 5, 37, 40. ayetlerin hükmü ve Hz. Peygamber’in (s.a.s.) âzâdlı kölesi Hz. Zeyd (r.a.) hakkındaki uygulaması gayet açık olduğu için, öz babası bilinen bir çocuğun sadece bu öz babaya nispet edilmesinin gerekliliği ve bir başka babaya nispet edilmesinin haram olduğu hususunda mezhepler arasında ihtilaf yoktur. Bunun tabiî bir sonucu olarak; bir Hanefî fakihi ve müfessiri olan Ebü’l-Berekât en-Nesefî (ö. 710/1310) ile Şâfiî ulemâsından diğer müfessirimiz Adudüddîn el-Îcî’nin (ö. 756/1355) de aşağıda göreceğimiz üzere bu kanaatte oldukları açıktır. Ancak fıkıhta ve her iki mezkûr mezhep arasındaki ihtilaf; a- köle çocuklar ve b- lakît (sahipsiz, kaybolmuş, terkedilmiş ve sonradan bulunmuş) çocuklar örneklerinde olduğu gibi, babaları bilinmeyen çocukların bir başka babaya nispet edilip edilemeyeceği ya da onları bulan kimselerin onlar üzerindeki babalık iddiâları hususundadır. “Evlat edinme” konusunda daha önceden yapılmış değerli çalışmalar mevcuttur.2 Ancak biz makalemizde konuyu Nesefi ile Îcî arasında ele alacağımızdan hem ikisi hem de mezhepleri arasında mukâyeseli ve farklı bakış açılarının ortaya çıktığı görülecektir.
Adoption in the context of law; is used to mean "to assign a child to someone other than his own father, to call it on his behalf and to save it for his own population". Because of the Ahzab verses 33/4, 5, 37, 40 of the Qoran and the practice of the Prophet (peace be up on him) on the sacrificial slave Zeyd is very clear, there is no dispute among the sects as to the necessity of having a child known only to his own father and forbidding to be compared to another father. As a natural consequence of this; it is clear that Abu'l-Berekât al-Nasafi (d. 710/1310) a Hanafî scholar and commentator, and Adudiddîn al-Îcî (d. 756/1355) a Şâfiî scholar and commentator agree with their sects/factions. However, the dispute between the two factions and the two sectarian sects; a- are slave children, and b-lakît (idle, lost, abandoned, and found) children, as well as paternity claims on children of unknown fathers who can not be compared to other fathersAdoption in the context of law; is used to mean "to assign a child to someone other than his own father, to call it on his behalf and to save it for his own population". Because of the Ahzab verses 33/4, 5, 37, 40 of the Qoran and the practice of the Prophet (peace be up on him) on the sacrificial slave Zeyd is very clear, there is no dispute among the sects as to the necessity of having a child known only to his own father and forbidding to be compared to another father. As a natural consequence of this; it is clear that Abu'l-Berekât al-Nasafi (d. 710/1310) a Hanafî scholar and commentator, and Adudiddîn al-Îcî (d. 756/1355) a Şâfiî scholar and commentator agree with their sects/factions. However, the dispute between the two factions and the two sectarian sects; a- are slave children, and b-lakît (idle, lost, abandoned, and found) children, as well as paternity claims on children of unknown fathers who can not be compared to other fathersor who find them. There is valuable work already done on "adoption". However, since we will deal with Nesefî and Îcî in our article, it will be seen that different views between the two and the sects are emerging.
Adoption in the context of law; is used to mean "to assign a child to someone other than his own father, to call it on his behalf and to save it for his own population". Because of the Ahzab verses 33/4, 5, 37, 40 of the Qoran and the practice of the Prophet (peace be up on him) on the sacrificial slave Zeyd is very clear, there is no dispute among the sects as to the necessity of having a child known only to his own father and forbidding to be compared to another father. As a natural consequence of this; it is clear that Abu'l-Berekât al-Nasafi (d. 710/1310) a Hanafî scholar and commentator, and Adudiddîn al-Îcî (d. 756/1355) a Şâfiî scholar and commentator agree with their sects/factions. However, the dispute between the two factions and the two sectarian sects; a- are slave children, and b-lakît (idle, lost, abandoned, and found) children, as well as paternity claims on children of unknown fathers who can not be compared to other fathersAdoption in the context of law; is used to mean "to assign a child to someone other than his own father, to call it on his behalf and to save it for his own population". Because of the Ahzab verses 33/4, 5, 37, 40 of the Qoran and the practice of the Prophet (peace be up on him) on the sacrificial slave Zeyd is very clear, there is no dispute among the sects as to the necessity of having a child known only to his own father and forbidding to be compared to another father. As a natural consequence of this; it is clear that Abu'l-Berekât al-Nasafi (d. 710/1310) a Hanafî scholar and commentator, and Adudiddîn al-Îcî (d. 756/1355) a Şâfiî scholar and commentator agree with their sects/factions. However, the dispute between the two factions and the two sectarian sects; a- are slave children, and b-lakît (idle, lost, abandoned, and found) children, as well as paternity claims on children of unknown fathers who can not be compared to other fathersor who find them. There is valuable work already done on "adoption". However, since we will deal with Nesefî and Îcî in our article, it will be seen that different views between the two and the sects are emerging.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tebenni/Adoption, Babalık/Paternity, Son, Foster son, Wife, Kinship, Ownership, Marrige, Divorce, Slave, Small girl, Orphan, Foundling waif, Repeal, Testament will, İnheritance science, Tebennî/Evlat edinmek, Babalık iddiası, Öz evlat, Süt evladı, Halîle/Zevce, Nesep, Milk-i yemîn, Nikâh, Boşama/Talâk, Köle, Câriye, Yetim çocuk, Lakît/Buluntu çocuk, Nesih, Vasiyet, Ferâiz/Mîrâs.
Kaynak
Tasavvur / Tekirdağ İlahiyat Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
3
Sayı
2
