Küreselleşme sürecinin kooperatifçilik hareketine etkisi açısından değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye için öneriler
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2009
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Küreselleşme, sınırların ortadan kalkması ve dünyanın küresel bir köy haline gelmesidir. Sınırların ortadan kalkması, ulusal ve uluslararası mal ve hizmet piyasalarında rekabeti arttırmıştır. Artan rekabet tüm sektörleri etkilediği gibi kooperatifleri de etkilemiştir. Ancak, birçok ülkedeki kooperatifler küreselleşmenin yarattığı fırsatlardan yararlanmak ve sakıncalarını en aza indirmek amacıyla yatay ve dikey bütünleşme yoluna gitmişlerdir. Araştırmada dünyadaki, Avrupa Birliği ülkelerindeki ve Türkiye'deki tarım ve tarım dışı kooperatifler incelenmiş ve küreselleşmenin kooperatifler üzerindeki olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın esas verilerini, Türkiye'deki tarım ve tarım dışı kooperatif birlikleri ile yapılan anket çalışmasından elde edilen bilgiler oluşturmuştur. Araştırma ile küreselleşmenin Türkiye'deki tarım ve tarım dışı kooperatifleri etkileyip etkilemediği ortaya konulmuştur. Küreselleşme, Türkiye'deki tarım ve tarım dışı kooperatifleri bir taraftan olumlu etkilerken diğer taraftan da olumsuz etkilemiştir. Örneğin; ulaşım, iletişim ve bilgi teknolojisindeki gelişmeler sayesinde, kooperatifler ortaklarına daha kaliteli, daha hızlı ve daha ucuz hizmetler sunmaya başlamışlardır. Ancak ülkemizde yaşanan Kasım 2000, Şubat 2001 ve Mortgage ekonomik krizleri, tarım ve tarım dışı kooperatifleri olumsuz yönde etkilemiş; kimi kooperatifler ve üst kuruluşları faaliyetlerini durdurmuş kimi kooperatifler ve üst kuruluşları ise tabela kooperatifleri haline gelmişlerdir. Özellikle tarım dışı kooperatifler genelde yabancı kredi kullandıklarından dolayı kriz zamanında aldıkları krediyi ödemede zorluk çekmişlerdir. Bunun yanında, küreselleşmeye uyum sağlanmak amacıyla ülkemizde ki tarımsal Kamu İktisadi Teşebbüslerin özelleştirilmeye başlaması, hem üreticiyi hem de tüketiciyi zor durma düşürmüştür.
Globalization is the disappearing of borders and the becoming of world as a global village. The disappearing of borders increased the competition in the national and international goods and service market. The increasing competition affected all the sectors as well as the cooperatives. But, cooperatives in most countries went horizontal and vertical integration in order to take advantage of globalization and to decrease the disadvantages to the lowest. In the study, the agricultural and non-agricultural cooperatives in the world, in the EU countries and Turkey are examined and the positive and negative effects of globalization on the cooperatives are tried to be shown. The main data of the study are the information obtained from the questionnaire which is made with the agricultural and non-agricultural cooperatives in Turkey. With the study, it is shown that whether the globalization affects the agricultural and non-agricultural cooperatives in Turkey or not. While globalization affected the agricultural and non-agricultural cooperatives positively in Turkey, on the other hand, it also affected negatively. For example; with the help of technological improvements in transportation, communication and information cooperatives started to serve their partners with more high quality, faster and cheaper services. But the economic crises of November 2000, February 2001 and Mortgage affected the agricultural and non-agricultural cooperatives negatively; some cooperatives and their senior managements stooped their activities some became plate cooperatives. Especially non-agricultural cooperatives struggled to pay their loans which they took during the crisis because that they were using foreign loans. Moreover, the privatization of Public Economic Enterprises in our country in order to adapt globalization troubled both the producer and the consumer.
Globalization is the disappearing of borders and the becoming of world as a global village. The disappearing of borders increased the competition in the national and international goods and service market. The increasing competition affected all the sectors as well as the cooperatives. But, cooperatives in most countries went horizontal and vertical integration in order to take advantage of globalization and to decrease the disadvantages to the lowest. In the study, the agricultural and non-agricultural cooperatives in the world, in the EU countries and Turkey are examined and the positive and negative effects of globalization on the cooperatives are tried to be shown. The main data of the study are the information obtained from the questionnaire which is made with the agricultural and non-agricultural cooperatives in Turkey. With the study, it is shown that whether the globalization affects the agricultural and non-agricultural cooperatives in Turkey or not. While globalization affected the agricultural and non-agricultural cooperatives positively in Turkey, on the other hand, it also affected negatively. For example; with the help of technological improvements in transportation, communication and information cooperatives started to serve their partners with more high quality, faster and cheaper services. But the economic crises of November 2000, February 2001 and Mortgage affected the agricultural and non-agricultural cooperatives negatively; some cooperatives and their senior managements stooped their activities some became plate cooperatives. Especially non-agricultural cooperatives struggled to pay their loans which they took during the crisis because that they were using foreign loans. Moreover, the privatization of Public Economic Enterprises in our country in order to adapt globalization troubled both the producer and the consumer.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Küreselleşme, Kooperatifler, Dünya Ticaret Örgütü, Uluslar arası Para Fonu, Dünya Bankası, Globalization, Cooperatives, World Trade Organization, The International Monetary Fund, Europe Union
