Süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinde işletme içi kirlilik ile topallık arasındaki ilişki ve topallığa bağlı ekonomik kayıplar
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Date
2017
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Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, Balıkesir ilinde, 3000 baş kapasiteli modern süt sığırcılığı işletmesinde bulunan 778 baş Siyah Alaca sığırlarının topallık puanlaması, vücut kirlilik puanlaması 4 verim grubuna ayrılarak tespit edilmiş, ahır içi gezinti alanı kirliliği, gezinti alan kirliliği ve sağım yolu kayganlığının topallığa olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Topallığın işletmede sebep olduğu ekonomik kayıplar da tespit edilmiştir. Ahır içi kirlilik puanı, yataklık alanlarının kirlilik puanı ile gezinti alan kirliliği puanları sıyırıcıların düzenli çalışmasından dolayı 0 (temiz) puan, zemin kayganlığı ise yürüme yolunun kauçuk yataklık olmasından dolayı 0 (mükemmel) puan olarak tespit edilmiştir. Topallık puanları değerlendirildiğinde 1. verim düzeyinde ortalama günlük süt verimleri bakımından istatistik farklılık olduğu (p<0.05) ve bu farklılığın 1 topallık puanına sahip hayvanlardan (41.18 lt) kaynaklandığı belirlenmiştir. Laktasyon sayılarına göre ise 1. laktasyonda bulunan gruplar arasında istatistik farklılık olduğu ve en yüksek ortalama günlük süt veriminin (37.75±1.06) 1 numaralı topallık puanına sahip hayvanlar ve en düşük ortalamanın ise 5 numaralı topallık puanına (22.27±1.12) sahip hayvanlarda olduğu gözlenmiştir. Vücut kirliliği bakımından tüm verim düzeylerinde 305 günlük laktasyon süt verim ortalamaları arasında istatistik farklılık olmadığı (p>0.05) ve ortalama günlük süt verimleri bakımından 1 verim düzeyinde farklılık olduğu gözlenmiştir (p<0.05). İstatistik farklılığın 4 kirlilik puanına (37.42 lt) hayvanlardan kaynaklandığı gözlenmiştir. Çalışmada buzağı başına ortalama tohumlama sayısının 3.50 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Topallıktan kaynaklanan ekonomik kayıplar değerlendirildiğinde bir hayvanın yıllık maliyetinin; hafif topallık, orta topallık ve şiddetli topallık için sırasıyla 23.24 TL (6.21 $), 240.74 TL (64.37 $) ve 685.51 TL (183.30 $) olarak hesaplanmıştır.
In this study, the locomotion score of 778 heads of Holstein cattle in dairy farm, which has a total of 3000 heads modern dairy cattle operation, in Balıkesir province, body hygiene score is determined by separating 4 yield groups, and also the effect of barn inside pollution, milking parlor walkway slippy and resting area pollution on locomotion score has been investigated. Economic losses in operation caused by the locomotion have also been tried to be determined. The score of pollution of barn, the pollution of the litter and the pollution of the walkway were found to be 0 (clear) points due to the regular stripper and greasiness of the ground found as 0 (excellent) points due to the rubber walking path. The lameness scores were evaluated, when it was determined that there was a statistical difference (p <0.05) in the average daily milk yield at the 1st yield level and this difference was caused by the animals having 1 lameness score (41.18 lt). According to the lactation numbers, it was observed that there was statistical difference between the groups in lactation 1 and that the highest average daily milk yield (37.75 ± 1.06) was in animals with score 1 and the lowest average was in score 5 (22.27 ± 1.12). It was observed that there was no statistical difference between the average milk yields of 305 days in terms of body pollution (p> 0.05) and 1 day milk yield in terms of average milk yield (p <0.05). The statistical difference was observed in 4 hygiene scores (37.42 lt) from animals. Number of inseminations per calf was observed as 3.50 in the study. When the economic losses due to lameness are evaluated, 23.24TL ($ 6.21), 240.74TL ($ 64.37) and 685.51TL ($ 183.30) respectively for mildly, moderately and severely lameness.
In this study, the locomotion score of 778 heads of Holstein cattle in dairy farm, which has a total of 3000 heads modern dairy cattle operation, in Balıkesir province, body hygiene score is determined by separating 4 yield groups, and also the effect of barn inside pollution, milking parlor walkway slippy and resting area pollution on locomotion score has been investigated. Economic losses in operation caused by the locomotion have also been tried to be determined. The score of pollution of barn, the pollution of the litter and the pollution of the walkway were found to be 0 (clear) points due to the regular stripper and greasiness of the ground found as 0 (excellent) points due to the rubber walking path. The lameness scores were evaluated, when it was determined that there was a statistical difference (p <0.05) in the average daily milk yield at the 1st yield level and this difference was caused by the animals having 1 lameness score (41.18 lt). According to the lactation numbers, it was observed that there was statistical difference between the groups in lactation 1 and that the highest average daily milk yield (37.75 ± 1.06) was in animals with score 1 and the lowest average was in score 5 (22.27 ± 1.12). It was observed that there was no statistical difference between the average milk yields of 305 days in terms of body pollution (p> 0.05) and 1 day milk yield in terms of average milk yield (p <0.05). The statistical difference was observed in 4 hygiene scores (37.42 lt) from animals. Number of inseminations per calf was observed as 3.50 in the study. When the economic losses due to lameness are evaluated, 23.24TL ($ 6.21), 240.74TL ($ 64.37) and 685.51TL ($ 183.30) respectively for mildly, moderately and severely lameness.
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Keywords
vücut hayvan kirliliği, topallık puanlaması, ahır kirliliği, zemin kayganlığı, body hygiene score, locomotion score, pollution of barn, greasiness of ground
