Küçük kapasiteli yatay ve dikey helezonlu yem karma makinelerinde karıştırma süresi ve etkinliğinin incelenmesi
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Date
2021
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Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Hayvancılık işletmelerinde maliyetin önemli bir kısmını oluşturan yem maddelerinin temini, işletme gelirlerini önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. İşletmelerin maliyelerini azaltmak ve üretim devamlılığını sürdürebilmek için kaliteli yem kullanımı ve hazırlığı önemli bir etkendir. Hayvancılık işletmelerinde iyi bir rasyonun oluşturulabilmesi için yem hammaddelerinin etkin bir karışıma sahip olması istenmektedir. Yem karma makineleri TMR oluşturma, kısa sürede etkin parça boyu sağlama ve karışımda homojenliğin sağlanmasında oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada küçük hacimli 3 yem karma makinesinde (YKM1, YKM2, YKM3) çalışmalar yürütülmüştür. Saman ve silaj materyaller 5, 10, 15 ve 20 dakikalık karışım sürelerinde karıştırılarak, yem vagonlarından numuneler alınmış ve tüm örneklerde yem materyallerinin parça boyutları ölçülmüştür. Örneklerde parça boyu dağılım oranları ve frekans dağılımları belirlenmiştir. Karışım sonrası TMR yemlerde (saman+silaj+karma yem) homojenlik oranı incelenmiştir. Denemelerde ele alınan yem karma makinelerinin çeşitlerinin ve uygulanan karıştırma sürelerinin elde edilen parça boyu üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu (P<0.05) belirlenmiştir. İncelenen karıştırma süreleri de istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmuş (P<0.05) ve her biri ayrı gruplarda yer almıştır. En yüksek homojenlik oranı sırasıyla YKM1' de %95,08, YKM2' de %82,88, YKM3' de %63,42 olmuştur.
The supply of feed materials, which constitutes a significant part of the cost in livestock enterprises, significantly affects the income of the enterprise. The use and preparation of quality feed is an important factor in reducing the costs of the enterprises and maintaining the continuity of production. In order to create a good ration in livestock enterprises, it is required that the feed raw materials have an effective mixture. Feed mixing machines are very important in creating TMR, providing effective piece size in a short time and ensuring homogeneity in the mixture. In this study, studies were carried out on 3 small volume feed mixers (YKM1, YKM2, YKM3). Straw and silage materials were mixed at mixing times of 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes, samples were taken from the feed wagons and the particle sizes of the feed materials were measured in all samples. Particle size distribution ratios and frequency distributions were determined in the samples. After mixing, homogeneity ratio of TMR feeds (straw + silage + mixed feed) was investigated. It was determined that the types of feed mixers and the mixing times applied in the trials had a significant effect on the particle size obtained (P<0.05). The mixing times examined were also found to be statistically significant (P<0.05) and each of them took place in separate groups. The highest homogeneity rate was 95.08% in YKM1, 82.88% in YKM2 and 63.42% in YKM3, respectively.
The supply of feed materials, which constitutes a significant part of the cost in livestock enterprises, significantly affects the income of the enterprise. The use and preparation of quality feed is an important factor in reducing the costs of the enterprises and maintaining the continuity of production. In order to create a good ration in livestock enterprises, it is required that the feed raw materials have an effective mixture. Feed mixing machines are very important in creating TMR, providing effective piece size in a short time and ensuring homogeneity in the mixture. In this study, studies were carried out on 3 small volume feed mixers (YKM1, YKM2, YKM3). Straw and silage materials were mixed at mixing times of 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes, samples were taken from the feed wagons and the particle sizes of the feed materials were measured in all samples. Particle size distribution ratios and frequency distributions were determined in the samples. After mixing, homogeneity ratio of TMR feeds (straw + silage + mixed feed) was investigated. It was determined that the types of feed mixers and the mixing times applied in the trials had a significant effect on the particle size obtained (P<0.05). The mixing times examined were also found to be statistically significant (P<0.05) and each of them took place in separate groups. The highest homogeneity rate was 95.08% in YKM1, 82.88% in YKM2 and 63.42% in YKM3, respectively.
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Keywords
Ziraat, Agriculture
