Laktik asit bakteri inokulantlarının sorgum (Sorgum bicolor) silajlarında fermantasyon, aerobik stabilite, silaj bakterilerinin genetik karakterizasyonu ve yem değeri üzerine etkileri
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma, üç çeşit [Bmr Gold 2 (ST), Es Hyperion Greengo (ST),] sorgum (Sorghum bicolor) bitkilerine farklı laktik asit bakteri (LAB) inokulantı kullanımının silaj fermantasyon özellikleri, aerobik stabilitesi ile sorgum silajlarında fermantasyon özelliklerini etkileyen LAB'nin DNA dizi analiz tekniği ile genetik karakterizasyonunun yapılması ve filogenetik ilişkilerin ortaya konması amacıyla düzenlenmiştir. Laktik asit bakteri inokulantı olarak homofermantatif LAB (HMLAB) biyolojik kompozisyonunda Lactobacillus plantarum bakterilerini içeren LACTOSIL ve heterofermantatif LAB (HTLAB) biyolojik kompozisyonunda Lactobacillus buchneri bakterisi içeren Pioneer 11A44 kullanılmıştır. Kontrol ve katkı maddeleri ile muamele edilen sorgum 1 litre hacimli polietilen torbalarda silolanmıştır. Torbalar laboratuvar koşullarında 20±2 °C sıcaklıkta depolanmışlardır. Fermantasyoonun 2, 4, 8, 16 ve 60. günlerde her gruptan 3' er torba açılarak silajlarda kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik analizler yapılmıştır. Silolama döneminin sonunda (60. gün) açılan tüm silajlar 5 gün süre ile aerobik stabilite testine tabi tutulmuşlardır. Bakterilerin tanımlanmasında 16S rRNA bölgesini dizilemesinde Sanger DNA dizi analizi yapılmıştır. Silolama süresinin sonunda (60. gün), en düşük pH ile kuru madde (KM), nötr deterjan lif (NDF), asit deterjan lif (ADF) ve selüloz içerikleri , en yüksek amonyak azotu (NH3-N), suda çözünebilir karbonhidratlar (SÇK), laktik asit (LA), asetik asit (AA), nispi yem değeri (NYD), in vitro organik madde sindirilebilirliği (OMS), metabolik enerji (ME) ve net enerji laktasyon (NEL) içerikleri Es Hyperion silajlarında tespit edilmiştir (P<0.05). HMLAB (L. plantarum) inokulantı sorgum silajlarının pH ve NH3-N içeriklerini azaltırken, LA içerikleri ve lactobacilli populasyonunu artırmıştır (P<0.05). Buna karşın sorgum silajlarında CO2 üretimini artırarak silajların aerobik stabilitelerini düşürmüştür (P<0.05). HTLAB (L. buchneri) inokulantı sorgum silajlarının LA ve PA içeriklerini azaltırken, AA, HK ve ham protein (HP) içeriğini artırmışlardır (P<0.05). Aerobik dönemde ise CO2 üretimini diğer silajlara göre önemli düzeyde düşürerek aerobik stabiliteyi geliştirmişlerdir. HM+HTLAB (L. plantarum+ L. buchneri) inokulantının sorgum silajlarının LA, AA, HK, HP içeriklerini ve maya populasyonunu artırırken, sorgum silajlarında CO2 üretimini azaltarak silajların aerobik stabilitelerini iyileştirmişlerdir (P<0.05). 16S rRNA gen bölgesi ile tanımlanan bakterilerin tür düzeyinde dağılımı; Lactobacillus buchneri (%85,06), Lactobacillus plantarum (%8,05), Lactobacillus brevis (%4,60), Weissella cibaria (%2,29) şeklinde olmuştur.
This study was carried out to investigate the silage fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of three sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) cultivars [Bmr Gold 2 (ST), Es Hyperion Greengo (ST),] using different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants and to genetically characterize the LAB affecting the fermentation characteristics of sorghum silages by DNA sequence analysis technique and to determine phylogenetic relationships. Sorghum was harvested at dough stages. LACTOSIL containing Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria in homofermentative LAB (HMLAB) biological composition and Pioneer 11A44 containing Lactobacillus buchneri bacteria in heterofermentative LAB (HTLAB) biological composition were used as LAB inoculants. Control and additive-treated sorghum were ensiled in polyethylene bags with a volume of 1 liter. The bags were stored under laboratory conditions at 20±2°C. Three bags from each group were sampled for chemical and microbiological analyses on the days 2, 4, 8, 16 and 60 after ensiling. All silages were opened at the end of the ensiling period (60 days) and subjected to an aerobic stability test for 5 days. Sanger DNA sequencing was used to identify the 16S rRNA region for bacteria. As a result, the lowest pH and dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and cellulose contents, the highest ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), water soluble carbohydrates (WSC), lactic acid (LA), acetic acid (AA), relative feed value (RFV), in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolic energy (ME) and net energy lactation (NEL) contents were observed in Es Hyperion silages (P<0. 05). The HMLAB (L. plantarum) inoculant decreased the pH and NH3-N contents of sorghum silages, but increased LA contents and lactobacilli population (P<0.05). On the contrary, it increased CO2 production in sorghum silages and decreased their aerobic stability (P<0.05). The HTLAB (L. buchneri) inoculant decreased the LA and PA contents of sorghum silages but increased the AA, crude ash (CA), and crude protein (CP) contents (P<0.05). Compared to other silages, they significantly decreased CO2 production during the aerobic period and improved aerobic stability. The HM+HTLAB (L. plantarum + L. buchneri) inoculant increased the sorghum silages' LA, AA, CA, CP, and yeast populations. It also made the silages more aerobically stable by lowering CO2 production (P<0.05). The species level distribution of bacteria identified by 16S rRNA gene region was as follows: Lactobacillus buchneri (85.06%), Lactobacillus plantarum (8.05%), Lactobacillus brevis (4.60%), Weissella cibaria (2.29%).
This study was carried out to investigate the silage fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of three sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) cultivars [Bmr Gold 2 (ST), Es Hyperion Greengo (ST),] using different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants and to genetically characterize the LAB affecting the fermentation characteristics of sorghum silages by DNA sequence analysis technique and to determine phylogenetic relationships. Sorghum was harvested at dough stages. LACTOSIL containing Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria in homofermentative LAB (HMLAB) biological composition and Pioneer 11A44 containing Lactobacillus buchneri bacteria in heterofermentative LAB (HTLAB) biological composition were used as LAB inoculants. Control and additive-treated sorghum were ensiled in polyethylene bags with a volume of 1 liter. The bags were stored under laboratory conditions at 20±2°C. Three bags from each group were sampled for chemical and microbiological analyses on the days 2, 4, 8, 16 and 60 after ensiling. All silages were opened at the end of the ensiling period (60 days) and subjected to an aerobic stability test for 5 days. Sanger DNA sequencing was used to identify the 16S rRNA region for bacteria. As a result, the lowest pH and dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and cellulose contents, the highest ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), water soluble carbohydrates (WSC), lactic acid (LA), acetic acid (AA), relative feed value (RFV), in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolic energy (ME) and net energy lactation (NEL) contents were observed in Es Hyperion silages (P<0. 05). The HMLAB (L. plantarum) inoculant decreased the pH and NH3-N contents of sorghum silages, but increased LA contents and lactobacilli population (P<0.05). On the contrary, it increased CO2 production in sorghum silages and decreased their aerobic stability (P<0.05). The HTLAB (L. buchneri) inoculant decreased the LA and PA contents of sorghum silages but increased the AA, crude ash (CA), and crude protein (CP) contents (P<0.05). Compared to other silages, they significantly decreased CO2 production during the aerobic period and improved aerobic stability. The HM+HTLAB (L. plantarum + L. buchneri) inoculant increased the sorghum silages' LA, AA, CA, CP, and yeast populations. It also made the silages more aerobically stable by lowering CO2 production (P<0.05). The species level distribution of bacteria identified by 16S rRNA gene region was as follows: Lactobacillus buchneri (85.06%), Lactobacillus plantarum (8.05%), Lactobacillus brevis (4.60%), Weissella cibaria (2.29%).
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Zootekni Ana Bilim Dalı, Yemler ve Hayvan Besleme Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
