Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Efficacy of the Lipophilic Extract of Cirsium vulgare

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dc.authoridAydin Kurc, Mine/0000-0002-5053-4276
dc.authoridCaliskan, Hilmican/0000-0001-6356-0898
dc.authoridGulen, Dumrul/0000-0002-8711-7820
dc.contributor.authorKurc, Mine Aydin
dc.contributor.authorOrak, Hakime Hulya
dc.contributor.authorGulen, Dumrul
dc.contributor.authorCaliskan, Hilmican
dc.contributor.authorArgon, Merve
dc.contributor.authorSabudak, Temine
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-29T17:59:25Z
dc.date.available2024-10-29T17:59:25Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentTekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the compounds in the hexane extract of Cirsium vulgare (Savi.) Ten. and to determine the antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of different extracts. The Cirsium vulgare (NGBB 7229) plant was collected from Turkey's Trakya region. Crude extracts were obtained using different solvents. The chemical composition of Cirsium vulgare was determined in hexane extract using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated by Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity (TEAC), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), the beta-carotene bleaching method, and the determination of superoxide anion scavenging activities. The antibacterial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, and Salmonella typhimurium, whereas the antifungal activity was tested against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida krusei, Penicillium chrysogenum, and Aspergillus fumigatus by applying microdilution methods. A total of 41 bioactive compounds were identified using the GC-MS library. Terpenoids were found to be dominant (52.89%), and lup-20(29)-en-3-yl-acetate and lupeol were the most abundant terpenoids. The highest total flavonoid content (25.73 mg catechin/g) and antioxidant capacity were found in the methanolic extract. The highest antibacterial activity was detected against Bacillus subtilis in the ethyl acetate extract, and the highest antifungal activity was found against Candida krusei and Aspergillus fumigatus in the hexane extract. The observed antioxidant characteristics of the C. vulgare extracts could be attributed to the presence of flavonoids. The high antifungal activity of the hexane extract against all fungal strains can be attributed to its constituents, i.e., terpenoids. This study discloses the potential antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, including some bioactive components, of Cirsium vulgare and implies that Cirsium vulgare holds possible applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries as an antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal agent.
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors would like to thank Evren Cabi for plant identification.
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors would like to thank Evren Cabi for plant identification.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/molecules28207177
dc.identifier.issn1420-3049
dc.identifier.issue20en_US
dc.identifier.pmid37894654
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85175278699
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28207177
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11776/14727
dc.identifier.volume28
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001098043800001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofMolecules
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectC. vulgare
dc.subjectGC-MS analyses
dc.subjectsemi-volatile compound
dc.subjectantifungal
dc.subjectantibacterial
dc.subjectantioxidant activity
dc.titleAntimicrobial and Antioxidant Efficacy of the Lipophilic Extract of Cirsium vulgare
dc.typeArticle

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