Hizmet ömrünü tamamlamış demiryolu balastının karayolu üstyapı kaplamasında kullanılması
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Ülkemizde ulaştırma yatırımları her geçen gün artmaktadır. Lokomotif sektörlerden olan demiryolu ulaştırması da bu yatırımlardan payını almaktadır. Teknolojinin gelişmesi ile seyahat etme süreleri kısalmakta; ulaşım modlarının altyapısı da buna bağlı olarak gelişmektedir. Hızlı tren hatlarının faaliyete geçmesi ile birlikte, can ve mal emniyetinin sağlanması ve altyapıda zafiyet oluşmaması adına, zemin özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi ve altyapının daha sık kontrol edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bütün bu gelişim ve dönüşümün yanında sınırlı olan doğal kaynakların optimum şekilde kullanılması, sürdürülebilir bir gelecek için önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada ulaşım modlarından demiryolu ve karayoluna genel olarak değinilmiş, demiryolu üst yapı elemanları tanıtılmış, demiryolu platformunun yatağı olan balast tabakasının teknik şartnamesine değinilerek balast kirlenmesi konusu literatür itibariyle ele alınmıştır. Karayolu Teknik Şartnamesi'ne değinilerek yol üst yapı elemanlarından kısaca bahsedilmiş ve çalışmaya esas olan taş mastik asfalta dair bilgiler verilmiştir. Devamında laboratuvar çalışmaları ve elde edilen veriler ışığında yapılan araştırma bulguları aktarılmıştır. Çalışmada demiryolu hattında yaklaşık 10 yıl boyunca konvansiyonel ve yüksek hızlı tren trafiğine maruz kalmış, sonrasında yol yenileme kapsamında sıyrılarak TCDD balast deposunda depo edilmiş yığından temin edilen balastın, balast teknik şartnamesine göre geometrik ve fiziksel özellikleri incelenmiştir. Deneye tabi tutulan balast malzemesi şartnamenin istediği değerleri sağlayamadığından demiryolunda hizmet veremez olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın devamında karayolu üst yapı kaplamasında kullanımına esas agrega ve karışım dizaynı için laboratuvar araştırması yapılmıştır. Karayolu laboratuvarında yapılan deneylerde balasttan elde edilen ve kaba agrega olarak karışımda kullanılan malzeme, Karayolu Teknik Şartnamesi değerlerini sağlamış, ancak su emme oranı şartname dışında kalmıştır. Asfalt karışımında ise Karayolu Teknik Şartnamesi taş mastik asfalt dizayn kriterlerinden hava boşluk oranı sağlanamamıştır. Sonuç olarak, çalışmanın konusu olan demiryolunda hizmet vermiş ve yorulmuş balast malzemenin karayolu üst yapı kaplamasında kullanılamayacağı kanaatine varılmıştır.
Transportation investments in our country are increasing day by day. Railway transportation, which is one of the locomotive sectors, also gets its share from these investments. With the development of technology, travel times are getting shorter; Infrastructure of transportation modes also develops accordingly. With the activation of high-speed train lines, it is necessary to improve the soil properties and control the infrastructure more frequently in order to ensure the safety of life and property and to prevent any weakness in the infrastructure. In addition to all this development and transformation, optimum use of limited natural resources is important for a sustainable future. In this study, the railway and highway, which are among the modes of transport, are mentioned in general, the railway superstructure elements are introduced, the technical specifications of the ballast layer, which is the bed of the railway platform, are mentioned and the issue of ballast pollution is discussed in terms of the literature. By referring to the Highway Technical Specification, the road superstructure elements are briefly mentioned and information about the stone mastic asphalt, which is the basis of the study, is given. Afterwards, the research findings made in the light of laboratory studies and the data obtained are conveyed. In the study, the geometric and physical properties of the ballast, which has been exposed to conventional and high-speed train traffic for about 10 years on the railway line, and then obtained from the stack that was stripped within the scope of road renewal and stored in the TCDD ballast warehouse, were examined according to the ballast technical specifications. Since the ballast material subjected to the test could not meet the values required by the specification, it was determined as unserviceable on the railway. In the continuation of the study, laboratory research was carried out for the design of aggregates and mixtures for use in highway pavement. The material obtained from the ballast and used in the mixture as coarse aggregate in the experiments carried out in the highway laboratory met the Highway Technical Specification values, but the water absorption rate remained outside the specification. In the asphalt mixture, the air void ratio, which is one of the stone mastic asphalt design criteria of the Highway Technical Specification, could not be met. As a result, it has been concluded that the ballast material, which has served on the railway, which is the subject of the study, cannot be used in the highway pavement.
Transportation investments in our country are increasing day by day. Railway transportation, which is one of the locomotive sectors, also gets its share from these investments. With the development of technology, travel times are getting shorter; Infrastructure of transportation modes also develops accordingly. With the activation of high-speed train lines, it is necessary to improve the soil properties and control the infrastructure more frequently in order to ensure the safety of life and property and to prevent any weakness in the infrastructure. In addition to all this development and transformation, optimum use of limited natural resources is important for a sustainable future. In this study, the railway and highway, which are among the modes of transport, are mentioned in general, the railway superstructure elements are introduced, the technical specifications of the ballast layer, which is the bed of the railway platform, are mentioned and the issue of ballast pollution is discussed in terms of the literature. By referring to the Highway Technical Specification, the road superstructure elements are briefly mentioned and information about the stone mastic asphalt, which is the basis of the study, is given. Afterwards, the research findings made in the light of laboratory studies and the data obtained are conveyed. In the study, the geometric and physical properties of the ballast, which has been exposed to conventional and high-speed train traffic for about 10 years on the railway line, and then obtained from the stack that was stripped within the scope of road renewal and stored in the TCDD ballast warehouse, were examined according to the ballast technical specifications. Since the ballast material subjected to the test could not meet the values required by the specification, it was determined as unserviceable on the railway. In the continuation of the study, laboratory research was carried out for the design of aggregates and mixtures for use in highway pavement. The material obtained from the ballast and used in the mixture as coarse aggregate in the experiments carried out in the highway laboratory met the Highway Technical Specification values, but the water absorption rate remained outside the specification. In the asphalt mixture, the air void ratio, which is one of the stone mastic asphalt design criteria of the Highway Technical Specification, could not be met. As a result, it has been concluded that the ballast material, which has served on the railway, which is the subject of the study, cannot be used in the highway pavement.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İnşaat Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
İnşaat Mühendisliği, Civil Engineering
