Thyroid Dysfunctions Due to Lithium Treatment in Bipolar Disorder: Changes in Oxidative Stress, Trace Elements, and Hemorheological Parameters

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dc.authorid0000-0003-0375-1881
dc.authorid0000-0002-8514-0576
dc.authorscopusid56562993900
dc.authorscopusid56563019100
dc.authorscopusid23667114900
dc.authorscopusid6508166517
dc.authorscopusid54792689200
dc.authorscopusid6508253764
dc.authorscopusid8713588200
dc.authorwosidKızıler, Ali Rıza/ABA-6911-2020
dc.authorwosidAtagün, Murat İlhan/ABA-6588-2021
dc.authorwosidCinemre, Hakan/AAD-7506-2021
dc.authorwosidBAHTİYAR, NURTEN/D-6468-2019
dc.contributor.authorBahtiyar, Nurten
dc.contributor.authorCinemre, Fatma Behice Serinkan
dc.contributor.authorCinemre, Hakan
dc.contributor.authorKızıler, Ali Rıza
dc.contributor.authorAtagün, Murat İlhan
dc.contributor.authorGulyasar, Tevfik
dc.contributor.authorAydemir, Birsen
dc.date.accessioned2022-05-11T14:41:22Z
dc.date.available2022-05-11T14:41:22Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.departmentFakülteler, Tıp Fakültesi, Temel Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü, Biyoistatistik Ana Bilim Dalı
dc.description.abstractLithium is one of the most widely used medications for the treatment of bipolar disorder (BD). It also has some side effects on thyroid functions. We aimed to investigate the role of oxidative stress, trace elements, and hemorheological parameters on the pathophysiology of thyroid dysfunctions developed by lithium treatment in patients with BD. Patients with BD were divided into three groups: patients that non-lithium-treated, lithium-treated patients for 4-6 weeks, and lithium-treated patients for 40-68 weeks. Blood samples for analysis were taken before and after the treatment period. After analysis, patients were divided into six groups: non-treatment BD group (Group 1); short-term lithium-treatment group that did not develop thyroid dysfunctions (Group 2); short-term lithium-treatment group that developed hyperthyroidism (Group 3); long-term lithium treatment group that developed hypothyroidism (Group 4), long-term lithium-treatment group that developed hyperthyroidism (Group 5), and long-term lithium-treatment group that did not develop thyroid dysfunctions (Group 6). Plasma and whole blood viscosity levels were significantly increased in Groups 4 and 6 compared to Groups 1, 2, and 3. Hemoglobin levels were lower in Group 4 than in Groups 1, 2, and 5. Fibrinogen values were higher in Groups 4 and 5 than Group 1. Plasma and erythrocyte malondialdehyde levels were higher in Group 4 than In Groups 1, 2, 3, and 5. Also, they were increased in Group 6 in comparison with Groups 2 and 3. Erythrocyte glutathione levels were lower in Groups 4 and 6 than Groups 1, 2, 3 and 5. Plasma protein carbonyls levels were higher in Group 4 than in Group 1, or in Group 5 than in Groups 1, 2, and 3, as well as in Group 6 than Groups 1, and 2. Serum zinc levels were higher in Groups 2, 3 and 6 than in Group1. Serum copper levels increased in Groups 2, 4 and 6 in comparison with Group1. The results of this study indicate that oxidative stress increased with treatment time in lithium-induced thyroid dysfunctions. Also, whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, fibrinogen, zinc, and copper levels were affected by lithium treatment and treatment duration induced thyroid dysfunctions.
dc.identifier.doi10.5601/jelem.2020.25.1.1934
dc.identifier.endpage878
dc.identifier.issn1644-2296
dc.identifier.issue3en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85092677851
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ4
dc.identifier.startpage863
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.5601/jelem.2020.25.1.1934
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11776/9159
dc.identifier.volume25
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000538157700003
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ4
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.institutionauthorKızıler, Ali Rıza
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherPolish Society Magnesium Research
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Elementology
dc.relation.publicationcategoryDiğeren_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subjectbipolar disorder
dc.subjectlithium treatment
dc.subjectthyroid dysfunction
dc.subjectoxidative stress
dc.subjecttrace elements
dc.subjecthemorheology
dc.subjectRed-Blood-Cells
dc.subjectAntioxidative Enzymes
dc.subjectViscosity
dc.subjectRheology
dc.subjectTherapy
dc.subjectDisease
dc.subjectLipids
dc.subjectDamage
dc.subjectZinc
dc.titleThyroid Dysfunctions Due to Lithium Treatment in Bipolar Disorder: Changes in Oxidative Stress, Trace Elements, and Hemorheological Parameters
dc.typeReview Article

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