Palmiye budama atıklarının gazlaştırılması
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Gazlaştırma, karbon içeren biyokütle gibi katıların yüksek sıcaklıkta bozunması ile yanabilir gaz elde etme işlemidir. Bu tez çalışmasında pelet haline getirilmiş palmiye budama atığının gazlaştırma işlemi Biyosistem Mühendisliği Bölümünde imal edilmiş laboratuvar tipi sabit yataklı aşağı akışlı gazlaştırma ünitesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gazlaştırma işleminin enerji ve ekserji analizleri yapılmıştır. Enerji ve ekserji analizleri, sistemlerin verimliliğinin tespit edilmesinde kullanılan analizlerdir. Vakum pompası 25 Hz ve 35 Hz frekanslarda çalıştırılarak iki ayrı kademede denemeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hava fazlalık katsayısı değerleri ER=0,44 (25 Hz) ve ER=0,53 (35 Hz) olarak bulunmuştur. Gazlaştırma işlemi süresince kor bölgesindeki sıcaklık değerlerinin 800-900°C arasında değişimi gözlemlenmiştir. Gazlaştırma sonucu elde edilen sentez gazın alt ısıl değeri (LHV) sırasıyla 4,09 MJ/Nm3 (ER=0,44) ve 3,76 MJ/Nm3 (ER=0,53) olarak bulunmuştur. Biyokütle besleme oranları (FCR) sırasıyla 3,89 kg/h ve 4,27 kg/h ve gaz çıkış oranları (AFR) 7,61 m3/h ve 10,23 m3/h olarak hesaplanmıştır. Palmiye budama atığı peletinin 25 Hz ve 35 Hz kademesinde enerji verimliliği sırasıyla %47,6 ve %52,8, ekserji verimliliği ise sırasıyla %43,7 ve %48,1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Gazlaştırma işleminde kayıp ekserji (irreversibility) değerleri 11,72 kW (25 Hz) ve 11,84 kW (35 Hz) olarak bulunmuştur.
Gasification is the process of obtaining combustible gas by decomposition of solids such as carbon-containing biomass at high temperature. In this thesis, the gasification process of the palm tree pruning waste was made into a laboratory type fixed bed downdraft gasification unit manufactured in Biosystem Engineering Department. Energy and exergy analyzes of gasification process were performed. Energy and exergy analyzes are used to determine the efficiency of the systems. The vacuum pump was operated at 25 Hz and 35 Hz frequencies. ER values were found to be 0,44 (25 Hz) and 0,53 (35 Hz). During the gasification process, ıt was determinated that the temperature values in the core region were observed to change between 800-900°C. The lower heat value (LHV) of the synthesis gas obtained as a result of gasification was found to be 4,09 MJ/Nm3 (ER= 0,44) and 3.76 MJ/ Nm3 (ER = 0,53), respectively. Biomass feed rates (FCR) were calculated as 3,89 kg / h and 4,27 kg/h and gas output rates (AFR) were calculated as 7,61 m3/h and 10,23 m3/h, respectively. The energy efficiency of the palm tree pruning waste in the 25 Hz and 35 Hz stages was calculated as 47,6% and 52,8%, and the exergy efficiency was calculated as 43,7% and 48,1%, respectively. Irreversibility values in gasification process were found to be 11,72 kW (25 Hz) and 11,84 kW (35 Hz).
Gasification is the process of obtaining combustible gas by decomposition of solids such as carbon-containing biomass at high temperature. In this thesis, the gasification process of the palm tree pruning waste was made into a laboratory type fixed bed downdraft gasification unit manufactured in Biosystem Engineering Department. Energy and exergy analyzes of gasification process were performed. Energy and exergy analyzes are used to determine the efficiency of the systems. The vacuum pump was operated at 25 Hz and 35 Hz frequencies. ER values were found to be 0,44 (25 Hz) and 0,53 (35 Hz). During the gasification process, ıt was determinated that the temperature values in the core region were observed to change between 800-900°C. The lower heat value (LHV) of the synthesis gas obtained as a result of gasification was found to be 4,09 MJ/Nm3 (ER= 0,44) and 3.76 MJ/ Nm3 (ER = 0,53), respectively. Biomass feed rates (FCR) were calculated as 3,89 kg / h and 4,27 kg/h and gas output rates (AFR) were calculated as 7,61 m3/h and 10,23 m3/h, respectively. The energy efficiency of the palm tree pruning waste in the 25 Hz and 35 Hz stages was calculated as 47,6% and 52,8%, and the exergy efficiency was calculated as 43,7% and 48,1%, respectively. Irreversibility values in gasification process were found to be 11,72 kW (25 Hz) and 11,84 kW (35 Hz).
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Gazlaştırma, sentez gaz, palmiye budama atığı peleti, ekserji, Gasification, syngas, palm tree pruning waste pellet, exergy
