Bazı aspir genotip ve melezlerinin karakterizasyonu ve ileri kademe ıslah materyallerinin oluşturulması
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Tarih
2021
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Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü araştırma ve uygulama arazisinde 2018, 2019 ve 2020 yıllarında yürütülen bu araştırmada, line (5) × tester (9) çoklu dizi yöntemiyle elde edilen 45 F1 melez kombinasyonu ve ebeveynlerinin bazı tarımsal ve teknolojik özellikleri ile bu genotiplerin genetik çeşitliliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gibberellik asit kullanılarak kısırlaştırılan genotiplerin melezlemesinden elde edilen 45 F1 melez kombinasyonu ve 14 ebeveyn (line ve tester) ile yürütülen deneme tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Bu amaçla, çıkış gün sayısı, çiçeklenme gün sayısı, olgunlaşma gün sayısı, bitki boyu, dal sayısı, tabla sayısı, tabla çapı, tabladaki tohum sayısı, 1000 tane ağırlığı, tohum verimi, kabuk oranı, ham yağ oranı, yağ verimi, linoleik ve oleik yağ asidi içeriği gibi özellikler incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında ebeveynlerin (line ve tester) genel kombinasyon yetenekleri ve melez genotiplerin özel kombinasyon yetenekleri belirlenmiş, melez genotiplerin heterosis ve heterobeltiosis oranları hesaplanarak ümitvar döller belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre hem F1 hem de F2 kademesinde yüksek tohum verimi ve yağ içeriğine sahip genotipler BA12, BA18, BA24, EC4, EC5, EC6, EC11, EC18, EC20 ve EC21 melezleri olmuştur. Belirlenen bu 10 ümitvar melez genotip yeterli varyasyonun sağlanabilmesi amacıyla diğer melez genotiplerle birlikte ileri kademelere taşınacak ve seleksiyona F2 kademesinden sonraki kademelerde (F3-F4) başlanacaktır. Çalışmada genetik çeşitliliği belirlemek amacıyla kullanılan 10 SSR markerden 6'sının polimorfik olduğu belirlenmiş ve toplamda 28 allel tespit edilmiştir. Ortalama efektif allel sayısı (Ne) 3.172, gözlenen ortalama heterozigoti (Ho) 0.548, beklenen ortalama heterozigoti (He) 0.680, ortalama kendileme katsayısı (Fit) 0.187, ortalama toplam genetik varyans (Fst) 0.593, ortalama polimorfik bilgi içeriği (PIC) 0.664 ve ortalama Shannon bilgi indeksi (I) 1.251 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Markerlerin ortalama PIC değerlerine bakıldığında gelecekte yapılacak olan aspire özgü moleküler çalışmalarda kullanılabileceği görülmektedir. Ayrıca gelecekte yapılacak ıslah çalışmalarında, özellikle birbirine genetik olarak uzak mesafede bulunan melez genotipler arasında yapılacak olan çift melezlemelerle genetik varyasyon artırılarak daha üstün performans sahip hatların elde edilme olasılığı yükseltilmiş olacaktır.
The objectives of this study were to determine some agricultural and technological traits of 45 F1 hybrid combinations obtained by line (5) × tester (9) method and their parents at the experimental field of Field Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, in 2018, 2019 and 2020 and investigate genetic diversity among them by using SSR method. The field experiment including 45 F1 hybrid and their 14 parents was established based on randomized complete plot design with three replications. Fifteen agronomic and technological characters such as days to emergence, days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, branch number, head number, head diameter, number of seeds per head, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, hull ratio, oil content, oil yield, linoleic and oleic acid content were investigated in the study. Furthermore, the general combination abilities for the parents (line and tester) and the special combination abilities, heterosis and heterobeltiosis for the hybrids were calculated and those values were used to speculate promising lines for the future breeding projects. Based on the results of the study, genotypes with high seed yield and oil content in both F1 and F2 generations were BA12, BA18, BA24, EC4, EC5, EC6, EC11, EC18, EC20 and EC21 hybrids. The promising genotypes will be grown in the next generations together with the other hybrid genotypes in order to ensure sufficient variation, and the selection will be started in the later generations such as F3 and F4. Six out of 10 SSR markers used in the study to determine genetic diversity were found polymorphic. It was calculated as the total number of alleles 28, average effective alleles (Ne) 3.172, observed mean heterozygous (Ho) 0.548, expected mean heterozygous (He) 0.680, mean coefficient of self-realization (Fit) 0.187, mean total genetic variance (Fst) 0.593, mean polymorphic information content (PIC) 0.664 and mean Shannon information index (I) 1.251 within polymorphic 6 SSR markers. Considering the average PIC values of the markers, it is seen that they can be used in future molecular studies for safflower. In addition, in future breeding studies, promising lines can be created by crossbreeding among genotypes that are genetically distant from each other in order to provide genetic variation.
The objectives of this study were to determine some agricultural and technological traits of 45 F1 hybrid combinations obtained by line (5) × tester (9) method and their parents at the experimental field of Field Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, in 2018, 2019 and 2020 and investigate genetic diversity among them by using SSR method. The field experiment including 45 F1 hybrid and their 14 parents was established based on randomized complete plot design with three replications. Fifteen agronomic and technological characters such as days to emergence, days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, branch number, head number, head diameter, number of seeds per head, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, hull ratio, oil content, oil yield, linoleic and oleic acid content were investigated in the study. Furthermore, the general combination abilities for the parents (line and tester) and the special combination abilities, heterosis and heterobeltiosis for the hybrids were calculated and those values were used to speculate promising lines for the future breeding projects. Based on the results of the study, genotypes with high seed yield and oil content in both F1 and F2 generations were BA12, BA18, BA24, EC4, EC5, EC6, EC11, EC18, EC20 and EC21 hybrids. The promising genotypes will be grown in the next generations together with the other hybrid genotypes in order to ensure sufficient variation, and the selection will be started in the later generations such as F3 and F4. Six out of 10 SSR markers used in the study to determine genetic diversity were found polymorphic. It was calculated as the total number of alleles 28, average effective alleles (Ne) 3.172, observed mean heterozygous (Ho) 0.548, expected mean heterozygous (He) 0.680, mean coefficient of self-realization (Fit) 0.187, mean total genetic variance (Fst) 0.593, mean polymorphic information content (PIC) 0.664 and mean Shannon information index (I) 1.251 within polymorphic 6 SSR markers. Considering the average PIC values of the markers, it is seen that they can be used in future molecular studies for safflower. In addition, in future breeding studies, promising lines can be created by crossbreeding among genotypes that are genetically distant from each other in order to provide genetic variation.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
