SULTAN II. ABDÜLHAMİD’İN PETROL POLİTİKASI
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2017
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
20. yüzyılın henüz başlarında, Sanayi Devrimi sonrası dönemin en önemli enerji kaynağı maden kömürünün yerini alacak olan “sıvı enerji” kaynağı petrolün bilinen en önemli kaynağı Mezopotamya bölgesiydi. Bu bölge de henüz Osmanlı Devleti’nin hakimiyet alanında yer almaktaydı. Bu bölgeye hakim olan ülke, yeni başlayan yüzyıla da hakim olacaktı. Bu bakış açısına sahip emperyal ülkeler, başta İngiliz İmparatorluğu olmak üzere, Almanya, Fransa, Çarlık Rusyası ve en son Amerika Birleşik Devletleri bölge petrolünü ele geçirebilme, en azından bu zenginlik pastasından daha fazla pay kapabilme yarışına giriştiler. Düvel-i Muazzama olarak nitelenen bu devletlerin petrol yarışına sahne olan dönemde Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun başında ise Sultan II. Abdülhamid bulunuyordu. Bölge petrolleri ile ilgili plan ve proje sahibi ülkelerin emellerinin engellenmesinin mümkün olmadığını düşünen Sultan II. Abdülhamid, bu emellerin gerçekleşmesini en azından geciktirmek ve imparatorluğun hayatını uzatabilmek amacıyla içeride ve dışarıda bir takım stratejik adımlar attı. Bu makalenin amacı, Sultan II. Abdülhamid’in, 20. Yüzyılın başında ülke bütünlüğünü sağlama adına, Osmanlı hakimiyeti altında bulunan Mezopotamya petrolleri eksenli yürüttüğü politikalar hakkında bilgi vermektir.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Mesopotamia was the most significant resource of petroleum which was known as “liquid source of energy” and would be substitute for the pit coal which was the most significant energy resource aftermath of the Industrial Revolution. In that period of time, this region was still under the dominance of the Ottoman Empire. The country which was able to dominate this region, would also dominate the new century soon. Imperial countries with this point of view, notably the British Empire and Germany, France, Tsarist Russia and lastly the United States of America competed for seizing the territory, at least they attempted to get more share of this wealthy source. In that period of time when these states which are described as “Great Powers” were in competence for petroleum, Sultan Abdul Hamid II was on the throne of the Ottoman Empire. Sultan Abdul Hamid II considered that it was not possible to prevent the aims of the states who had plans and projects. In order to prevent and at least to delay these aims and to extend life of the empire, he took strategic steps in intrastate and abroad. The aim of this article is to enlighten about Sultan Abdul Hamid II’s policies on petroleum of Mesopotamia which was under the dominance of the Ottoman Empire, in order to maintain unity and territorial integrity of the state at the beginning of the 20th century.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Mesopotamia was the most significant resource of petroleum which was known as “liquid source of energy” and would be substitute for the pit coal which was the most significant energy resource aftermath of the Industrial Revolution. In that period of time, this region was still under the dominance of the Ottoman Empire. The country which was able to dominate this region, would also dominate the new century soon. Imperial countries with this point of view, notably the British Empire and Germany, France, Tsarist Russia and lastly the United States of America competed for seizing the territory, at least they attempted to get more share of this wealthy source. In that period of time when these states which are described as “Great Powers” were in competence for petroleum, Sultan Abdul Hamid II was on the throne of the Ottoman Empire. Sultan Abdul Hamid II considered that it was not possible to prevent the aims of the states who had plans and projects. In order to prevent and at least to delay these aims and to extend life of the empire, he took strategic steps in intrastate and abroad. The aim of this article is to enlighten about Sultan Abdul Hamid II’s policies on petroleum of Mesopotamia which was under the dominance of the Ottoman Empire, in order to maintain unity and territorial integrity of the state at the beginning of the 20th century.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Abdulhamid II,, Petroleum,, Petroleum Policy,, Colonial,, Middle East,, Mesopotamia, II. Abdülhamid, Petrol, Petrol Politikası, Sömürge, Ortadoğu, Mezopotamya
Kaynak
Balkan Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
6
Sayı
12
