Trakya bölgesinde 2012 ve 2013 hasat dönemlerinde üretilen ayçiçeği tohumlarının bazı kimyasal özellikleri ile yağ asidi bileşimlerinin belirlenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2014
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
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Yayıncı
Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, Trakya Bölgesinde 2012 ve 2013 hasat dönemlerinde üretilen ayçiçeği tohumlarının bazı kimyasal özellikleri ile yağ asiti bileşimlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, Trakya Bölgesi sınırları içinde bulunan 28 farklı yerleşim yerinden ayçiçeği tohumu örnekleri alınmıştır. Ayçiçeği tohumlarında % rutubet ve ham yağ oranları belirlenirken, bu tohumlardan soğuk pres yöntemi ile elde edilen ham yağlarda % serbest yağ asitliği ve peroksit sayısı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca kapiller gaz kromatografisi ile ham yağların yağ asiti bileşimleri belirlenmiştir. Ayçiçeği tohumlarındaki rutubet oranları 2012 yılında %5,71-7,95 arasında, 2013 yılında ise %5,41-7,34 arasında değişmiştir. Ham yağ oranları da 2012 yılında %38,82-47,89 arasında, 2013 yılında %39,26-43,43 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Elde olunan ham yağlarda belirlenen % serbest yağ asitliği ve peroksit değerleri sırasıyla, 2012 yılında %0,252-0,473 ve 0,46-1,15 meqO2/kg, 2013 yılında ise %0,263-0,487 ve 1,02-1,40 meqO2/kg arasında değişmiştir. 2012 ve 2013 yılları itibariyle, tohumlardan elde olunan ham ayçiçeği yağlarının oleik asit oranları sırasıyla %44,11-63,06 ve %29,37-39,05; linoleik asit oranları %27,67-45,80 ve %50,50-59,53; palmitik asit oranları %4,38-5,43 ve %5,10-5,80; stearik asit oranları ise %2,75-3,76 ve %3,02-3,90 arasında değişimler göstermiştir. Elde edilen verilere istatistiksel analizler uygulanmış olup sonuçların literatür değerleri ile karşılaştırılması ve rafinasyon uygulamaları açısından değerlendirmeleri yapılmıştır.
The aim of this study was to determine the some chemical properties and fatty acid composition of sunflowerseeds obtained from Thrace region at 2012 and 2013 harvest seasons. For this reason, the samples of sunflowerseed were collected from 28 different locations in Thrace region. In the study, moisture and oil content were determined for the sunflowerseed samples. Meanwhile, free fatty acidities and peroxide values were determined in the crude sunflower oils obtained by cold press from sunflowerseed samples. Also, the fatty acid compositions of the crude oils samples were determined by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. According to the analysis results, moisture content for the sunflowerseed samples were in the ranges 5.71-7.95% in 2012 and 5.41-7.34% in 2013. Seed crude oil contents changed from 38.82 to 47.89% in 2012, and from 39.26 to 43.43% in 2013. The first year, free fatty acidities and peroxide values for the crude sunflower oils obtained by cold press from sunflowerseed samples were in the ranges 0.252-0.473% and 0.46-1.15 meqO2/kg, respectively. The second year, these parameters in the crude sunflower oils were in the ranges 0.263-0.487% and 1.02-1.40 meqO2/kg, respectively. Oleic acid and linoleic acid contents of the crude sunflower oils were in the ranges 44.11-63.06 and 29.37-39.05%; 27.67-45.80 and %50.50-59.53% for 2012 and 2013, respectively. In addition, palmitic acid and stearic acid contents were in the ranges 4.38-5.43 and 5.10-5.80%; 2.75-3.76 and %3.02-3.90% of total fatty acids, respectively. According to the analysis of variance, the differences among samples were statistically significant. The obtained these results were compared between the values reported in literatures, and were also evaluated the quality of crude sunflower oils for refining operations.
The aim of this study was to determine the some chemical properties and fatty acid composition of sunflowerseeds obtained from Thrace region at 2012 and 2013 harvest seasons. For this reason, the samples of sunflowerseed were collected from 28 different locations in Thrace region. In the study, moisture and oil content were determined for the sunflowerseed samples. Meanwhile, free fatty acidities and peroxide values were determined in the crude sunflower oils obtained by cold press from sunflowerseed samples. Also, the fatty acid compositions of the crude oils samples were determined by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. According to the analysis results, moisture content for the sunflowerseed samples were in the ranges 5.71-7.95% in 2012 and 5.41-7.34% in 2013. Seed crude oil contents changed from 38.82 to 47.89% in 2012, and from 39.26 to 43.43% in 2013. The first year, free fatty acidities and peroxide values for the crude sunflower oils obtained by cold press from sunflowerseed samples were in the ranges 0.252-0.473% and 0.46-1.15 meqO2/kg, respectively. The second year, these parameters in the crude sunflower oils were in the ranges 0.263-0.487% and 1.02-1.40 meqO2/kg, respectively. Oleic acid and linoleic acid contents of the crude sunflower oils were in the ranges 44.11-63.06 and 29.37-39.05%; 27.67-45.80 and %50.50-59.53% for 2012 and 2013, respectively. In addition, palmitic acid and stearic acid contents were in the ranges 4.38-5.43 and 5.10-5.80%; 2.75-3.76 and %3.02-3.90% of total fatty acids, respectively. According to the analysis of variance, the differences among samples were statistically significant. The obtained these results were compared between the values reported in literatures, and were also evaluated the quality of crude sunflower oils for refining operations.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ayçiçeği tohumu, serbest yağ asitliği, peroksit sayısı, Trakya bölgesi yağ içeriği, yağ asidi bileşimi, Fatty acid composition, free fatty acidity, sunflowerseed, oil content, peroxide values, Thrace region
