Böbrek yetmezliği ile hastanede yatan hastalarda enfeksiyonların dağılımı ve klinik seyri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Akut ve kronik böbrek yetmezliği ileri yaşla birlikte görülme insidansı artan, komplikasyon ve mortalite oranları yüksek hastalıklarıdır. Akut böbrek yetmezliği tüm hastane başvurularının %1-5'inde, yoğun bakım hastalarının ise yaklaşık %30'unda görülmektedir. Türk nefroloji derneği kayıtlarına göre akut böbrek yetmezliğinde en sık mortalite nedenleri; ilk sırada kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, ikinci sırada enfeksiyon hastalıkları ve takiben solunum yetmezliği ve serebrovasküler olaylardır. Hemodiyaliz hastalarında en sık mortalite nedenleri sırasıyla kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, malignite, serebrovasküler olaylar ve enfeksiyon hastalalıkları iken; periton diyalizi hastalarında en sık mortalite nedenleri sırasıyla kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, enfeksiyon hastalıkları ve serebrovasküler olaylardır. Türk nefroloji derneğinin kayıtlarına göre hem akut böbrek yetmezliği hem kronik böbrek yetmezliği hastalarında en sık mortalite nedeni kardiyovasküler hastalıkları iken; yapılan bazı çalışmalarda en sık mortalite nedeni enfeksiyon hastalıkları olarak dökümente edilmiştir. Böbrek yetmezliğinde enfeksiyonun tanısı, bozulmuş immün yanıt ve kronik inflamasyon varlığı nedeniyle güçtür. Böbrek yetmezliği, edinilmiş immun yetmezlik olarak da düşünülebilir. Hastalarda ciddi enfeksiyon olmasına rağmen ateş yükselmeyebilir, enfeksiyon bulguları daha silik olabilir. Bu çalışmada 2018 aralık-2020 mart tarihleri arasında Namık Kemal Üniversitesi'nde yatan akut ya da kronik böbrek yetmezliği ve enfeksiyon şüphesi olan 426 hasta takip edildi. Hastaların; demografik verileri, böbrek fonksiyon bozukluğu tipleri, böbrek fonksiyon testlerindeki progresyon, elektrolit imbalansı varlığı, karaciğer enzimleri, ateş ve diğer enfeksiyon parametreleri, idrardaki lökosit değerleri, kültür sonuçları, antibiyotik seçimi ve değişim gerekliliği, enfeksiyon odağı, mortalite durumu ve eşlik eden kronik hastalık ya da malignite varlığı kayıt altına alındı. Çalışmamızda böbrek yetmezlikli olgularda enfeksiyon varlığını ortaya koymada yardımcı olacak ve mortalite açısından yol gösterici olabilecek parametreler ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmamızın öne çıkan en önemli bulguları böbrek yetmezlikli olgularda enfeksiyon varlığını ortaya koymada prokalsitonindense CRP'nin daha etkin olduğu, AST ile enfeksiyon varlığı arasındaki pozitif korelasyon varlığı, böbrek fonksiyon testlerinin takibinin ve progresyon miktarının ortaya konmasının hem enfeksiyon varlığı hem mortalite göstergesi olması açısından önemi, böbrek yetmezlikli olgularda enfeksiyonlarda ateşin anlamlı olmadığı, kronik zemini olmayan ABYli olguların KBY olgularına göre daha yüksek mortaliteyle seyrettiği, DM-HT ya da malignensi varlığının tek başına mortaliteyi artırmadığı olmuştur.
Acute and chronic kidney failure are diseases with increased incidence and high complication and mortality rates with advanced age. Acute kidney failure is seen in 1-5% of all hospital admissions and approximately 30% of intensive care patients. According to the records of the Turkish Society of Nephrology, the most common causes of mortality in acute renal failure are; cardiovascular diseases in the first place, infectious diseases in the second place, followed by respiratory failure and cerebrovascular events. The most common causes of mortality in hemodialysis patients are cardiovascular diseases, malignancy, cerebrovascular events and infectious diseases, respectively; The most common causes of mortality in patients with peritoneal dialysis are cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases and cerebrovascular events, respectively. According to the records of the Turkish Society of Nephrology, cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of mortality in both acute renal failure and chronic renal failure patients. In some studies, the most common cause of mortality has been documented as infectious diseases. Diagnosis of infection in kidney failure is difficult due to impaired immune response and the presence of chronic inflammation. Kidney failure can also be considered as acquired immune deficiency. Although serious infection may occur in patients, the fever may not increase, infection findings may be more mild. In this study, 426 patients with acute or chronic renal failure and infection suspicion at Namık Kemal University between december 2018 and march 2020 were followed. Of patients; demographic data, types of kidney dysfunction, progression in kidney function tests, presence of electrolyte imbalance, liver enzymes, fever and other infection parameters, leukocyte values in urine, culture results, antibiotic selection and necessity of change, focus of infection, mortality status, accompanying chronic disease and The presence of malignancy was recorded. In our study, parameters that will assist in revealing the presence of infection in patients with renal insufficiency and which may be a guide in terms of mortality have been introduced. The most important findings of our study, which differ from other studies, are that CRP is more effective than procalcitonin in revealing the presence of infection in patients with renal failure, the presence of positive correlation between AST and the presence of infection, monitoring of kidney function tests and revealing the amount of progression are both the presence of infection and the indicator of mortality. In terms of kidney failure, it was found that fever was not significant in infections in patients with renal insufficiency, ARF patients without chronic background had a higher mortality compared to CRF, and the presence of DM-HT or malignancy alone did not increase mortality.
Acute and chronic kidney failure are diseases with increased incidence and high complication and mortality rates with advanced age. Acute kidney failure is seen in 1-5% of all hospital admissions and approximately 30% of intensive care patients. According to the records of the Turkish Society of Nephrology, the most common causes of mortality in acute renal failure are; cardiovascular diseases in the first place, infectious diseases in the second place, followed by respiratory failure and cerebrovascular events. The most common causes of mortality in hemodialysis patients are cardiovascular diseases, malignancy, cerebrovascular events and infectious diseases, respectively; The most common causes of mortality in patients with peritoneal dialysis are cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases and cerebrovascular events, respectively. According to the records of the Turkish Society of Nephrology, cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of mortality in both acute renal failure and chronic renal failure patients. In some studies, the most common cause of mortality has been documented as infectious diseases. Diagnosis of infection in kidney failure is difficult due to impaired immune response and the presence of chronic inflammation. Kidney failure can also be considered as acquired immune deficiency. Although serious infection may occur in patients, the fever may not increase, infection findings may be more mild. In this study, 426 patients with acute or chronic renal failure and infection suspicion at Namık Kemal University between december 2018 and march 2020 were followed. Of patients; demographic data, types of kidney dysfunction, progression in kidney function tests, presence of electrolyte imbalance, liver enzymes, fever and other infection parameters, leukocyte values in urine, culture results, antibiotic selection and necessity of change, focus of infection, mortality status, accompanying chronic disease and The presence of malignancy was recorded. In our study, parameters that will assist in revealing the presence of infection in patients with renal insufficiency and which may be a guide in terms of mortality have been introduced. The most important findings of our study, which differ from other studies, are that CRP is more effective than procalcitonin in revealing the presence of infection in patients with renal failure, the presence of positive correlation between AST and the presence of infection, monitoring of kidney function tests and revealing the amount of progression are both the presence of infection and the indicator of mortality. In terms of kidney failure, it was found that fever was not significant in infections in patients with renal insufficiency, ARF patients without chronic background had a higher mortality compared to CRF, and the presence of DM-HT or malignancy alone did not increase mortality.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
İç Hastalıkları, Internal diseases, Böbrek hastalıkları, Kidney diseases, C reaktif protein, C reactive protein, Enfeksiyon, Infection, Kalsitonin, Calcitonin, Mortalite, Mortality, Retrospektif çalışmalar, Retrospective studies, Yatan hastalar, Inpatients
