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    Effects of asprosin levels and selected biochemical parameters on conception in repeat breeder cows
    (Polish Soc Veterinary Sciences Editorial Office, 2024) Yenilmez, Kudret; Arslan, Sezai; Dogan, Hasan; Vicil, Sinan
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of asprosin levels and various biochemical parameters (NEFA, BHBA, glucose, albumin, globulin, total protein, ALT, AST, and total bilirubin) on conception in repeat breeder (RB) cows. The study included sixty RB cows that had been inseminated at least three times, but had not been pregnant and had no gynecological abnormalities, as assessed by ultrasonography. From the sixty cows, two groups were selected at random: pregnant (Group I, n = 10) and non -pregnant (Group II, n = 10) animals. After estrus detection, a 10 mL blood sample was collected from each animal's tail vein. All animals were inseminated 12 hours after the start of estrus. The blood samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes, and the serum was extracted and stored at -80 degrees C until analysis. On the 45 th day after insemination, ultrasonography was used to examine the pregnancy. Asprosin levels were measured using ELISA, and biochemical tests (NEFA, BHBA, glucose, albumin, globulin, total protein, ALT, AST, total bilirubin) were performed with an autoanalyzer. Non -pregnant RB cows had considerably lower levels of asprosin (p < 0.05) than pregnant RB cows. When other biochemical parameters (BHBA, NEFA, glucose, albumin, ALT, AST, total bilirubin, total protein and globulin) were compared, there was no significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). Thus, significantly elevated levels of asprosin in pregnant RB cows suggested that asprosin could play a role in RB cow conception. In addition, there was a positive correlation between asprosin levels and AST, total protein, and globulin levels in pregnant RB cows.
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    The concept of metabolomics
    (Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2023) Vicil, Sinan; Karan, Tünay
    Responses provided by living beings to environmental stimuli and other effects can exhibit variation. Sufficiently convincing explanations for the physiological reasons for such variation could not be obtained from studies utilizing transcriptomics or proteomics. The final part of the physiological cascade of a given mechanism is open to environmental effects. Metabolites can be used to evaluate such changes. Detailed investigations and categorizing metabolites are now possible due to the development of analytical techniques, which pave the way for metabolomic studies. Metabolomics is a sub-branch in the field of systems biology. Metabolomics defines the comprehensive categorization of metabolites that are formed by genomic mechanisms and interactions with environmental stimuli. In recent years, novel tools and databases have been developed to enable the confident analysis, identification, and quantification of metabolites from various sources (e.g., plants, animals, humans, foods, and environment) and to process large-scale data sets for easier access. The core of systems biology includes blending data provided by omics (e.g., transcriptomics, proteomics, nutrigenomics, lipidomics, glycomics, interactomics, and fluxomics) with bioinformatic processing. Today, metabolomics is extensively used in various research areas, including diagnostics, biomarker identification, cancer research, genetic disorders, metabolic pathway research, pharmaceutical research, toxicity determination, animal science, and agricultural and nutritional research. © 2023 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
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    The use of HPLC in metabolomics research
    (Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2023) Karan, Tunay; Vicil, Sinan
    Metabolomics detects, identifies, and quantifies small moleculecontaining metabolites in cells, tissues, and physiological fluids through high-performance yielding technologies. Metabolomics is an integral part of biotechnology, which includes drug activity investigations, enzyme-to-substrate interactions, biomarker identifications, and metabolomic pathway analyses. Metabolite profiling can be achieved cost-effectively in a short time with high precision and specificity through High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), one of the analytical methods. Metabolomics research is seen in different fields, including nutrition, toxicology, environmental pollution, drug research and development, and a broad spectrum of biochemical and industrial analyses. Here in this chapter, fundamental basics about HPLC will be given, and the use and importance of HPLC in metabolomics will be highlighted. © 2023 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.