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Öğe Are fungi and EBV effective in cholesteatoma etiology?(2022) Karabağ, Sevil; Ersözlü, Tolga; İsal Arslan, AyşegülAim: Cholesteatoma is a commonly seen disease whose pathogenesis remains unknown. Although not a neoplastic process, it may progress to a fatal condition with local bone destruction. In this study, we aimed to present new insights concerning the etiology of cholesteatoma triggered by an inflammatory process.Materials and Methods: The study included 34 patients diagnosed with cholesteatoma upon mastoidectomy performed between 2011-2019. Due to a provisional diagnosis of cholesteatoma. The cases were investigated for the latent membrane protein (LMP-1) encoded by the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) using the immunohistochemical method and for the presence of fungi using Grocott’s methenamine silver (GMSII) stain.Results: No fungi was detected in any of the 34 patients by GMSII staining. Thirty-two of the 34 patients were negative with but a suspicious result was seen in 2 patients with the immunohistochemical EBV antibody. EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) analysis was applied to these 2 cases with the silver in situ hybridization method and no reaction was observed.Conclusion: In our study, we investigated the presence of fungi and EBV, which can trigger the inflammatory process. However, no EBV or fungi was detected in the tissues. Our study is the first to investigate the presence of EBV and fungi in formalin-fixed tissue in cases of aggressive cholesteatoma.Öğe Do INI1 and E-cadherin Expression Loss Have Any Significance in Endometrial Carcinomas?(2021) Karabağ, SevilObjective: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy in terms of morphology, clinical course, response to treatment and prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the loss of INI1 (SWI/SNF family member) and E-cadherin expression in type 1 and 2 ECs to elucidate the mechanisms that may elucidate on the differences in pathogenesis and prognosis between low- and high-grade histological types. Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was applied for INI1 and E-cadherin in 72 patients who underwent hysterectomy for EC. Loss of INI1 and E-cadherin expression was compared between subjects with low- and high-grade EC. Results: A total of 63 patients had type 1 (endometrioid) and nine had type 2 (non-endometrioid) tumours. IHC staining revealed loss of INI1 expression in eight cases. While three of these cases were serous carcinoma, three were endometrioid carcinoma with villoglandular pattern and two were grade 3 endometrioid carcinoma. A significant difference was found in the loss of INI1 expression between low-grade (G1-G2) and highgrade (G3 endometrioid carcinoma and non-endometrioid carcinoma) tumours (p=0.004). Loss of expression was observed only in one case of dedifferentiated carcinoma in IHC staining performed for E-cadherin in 72 cases. Conclusion: A significantly greater loss of INI1 expression was observed in high-grade compared with low-grade endometrial carcinoma. This finding confirms that INI1 loss is a poor prognostic factor in these tumours as in other tumours reported in the literature and sheds light on the different pathogeneses seen in high-grade EC. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic study to investigate INI1 loss in different types of endometrial carcinoma. Our results support the notion that SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex plays a role in the pathogenesis of high-grade EC and type 1 endometrioid carcinoma with villoglandular pattern.Öğe Effects of acute topiramate administration on post-traumatic stress disorder in rats(Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2022) Demirkapu, Mahluga Jafarova; Doğan, Furkan Cuma; Karabağ, Sevil; Yılmaz, Ahsen; Çelikkol, Aliye; Yananlı, Hasan RaciPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute systemic topiramate administration on anxiety index and freezing time, plasma estrogen and progesterone levels, and salivary gland immunoglobulin A in a post-traumatic stress disorder rat model. Materials and Methods: A total of eighteen female Wistar rats used in the study were exposed to predatory odor stress. One week later, saline was administered to the control group and 15 mu M and 30 mu M topiramate to the treatment groups, after which the animals were exposed to the trauma reminder and their behavior was monitored in the elevated plus maze. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken, animals were sacrificed, salivary glands were removed immediately after. Results: Topiramate suppressed anxiety index and freezing time in rats with post-traumatic stress disorder at both 15 mu M and 30 mu M doses compared to the control group. A positive correlation was observed between plasma estrogen level and anxiety index in the control group, and topiramate suppressed this correlation in a dose-dependent manner. Topiramate did not change the plasma progesterone level, but suppressed the salivary gland immunoglobulin A level at the low dose. Conclusion: These findings obtained in our study indicate that topiramate may be effective in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder.Öğe Giant Mushroom-Like Fibroepithelial Anal Polyp Associated with Hemorrhoidal Disease(2023) Açar, Sami; Karabağ, Sevil; Sasanı, Hadi; Aydın, Can; Küçükmetin, Nurten TürkelA fibroepithelial anal polyp is a benign mesenchymal tumor that typically develops from the hypertrophic anal papilla in response to anoderm irritation, damage, or infection. Long-term lymph stasis is thought to contribute to the process. It can be single o r multiple, and it is usually small. It can sometimes enlarge and cause symptoms like itching and wetness in the anal region, lowering one’s qualityof life. It is rarely necessary to rely solely on surgical intervention. It is frequently excised as part of other proctological procedures. It is un common in the clinic for them to cause intermittent intestinal obstruction and obstruct the anal region. We aimed to present a case that resulted inintermittent subileus attacks, chronic constipation, and surgical intervention.Öğe Histopathological and immunohistochemical investigation of the local and systemic effects of tranexamic acid on the healing of the Achilles tendon in rats(Turkish Joint Diseases Foundation, 2021) Sarı, Abdulkadir; Dinçel, Yaşar Mahsut; Karabağ, Sevil; Çetin, Mehmet ÜmitObjectives: This study aims to compare the effects of systemic and local applications of tranexamic acid (TXA) on tendon healing using a rat Achilles tendon injury model. Patients and methods: Thirty-six adult male albino Wistar rats (aging 3-4 months; weighing 350 to 400 g) were used in this study conducted between December 2019 and January 2020. The Achilles tendon was performed bilateral tenotomy and surgically repaired. Postoperatively, 1 mL of TXA was administered to each leg locally in the local group, whereas 2 mL of TXA was intraperitoneally administered in the systemic group. The control group was left untreated. Half of the rats were sacrificed on Day 15 and the other half on Day 30. Tendon healing was evaluated with the Bonar and the Movin scoring systems and immunohistochemical methods. Results: The systemic group had the highest Bonar and Movin scores on Day 15. All groups exhibited tendon healing on Day 30, with no significant differences among the groups. The tenocyte morphology was found to be more impaired in both TXA groups on Day 30 (p=0.013). Ground substance scores were lower in the systemic group on Day 30 (p=0.028). The fiber structure and arrangement scores were higher in the systemic group on Day 15 (p=0.007 and p=0.032). Immunohistochemical analyses showed that galectin-3 values exhibited a significant difference in all groups on Day 30 (p=0.020). In all groups, it was determined that type I collagen values showed an increasing trend on Day 30, compared to the values on Day 15, whereas type III collagen values showed a decreasing trend. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that local and systemic use of TXA does not impair tendon healing. Although advanced studies are needed, our study suggests that TXA application reduces the development of fibrosis.Öğe Histopathological and molecular findings in 98 cases of endometrial carcinoma: MMR, p53 and next generation sequencing(Elsevier GmbH, 2023) Karabağ, Sevil; Şentürk, M.; Söğüt, F.C.; Ergül, Ö.S.; Ersoy, T.Gynecological malignancies arise from hereditary and somatic mutations, transcriptional aberrations, and genomic alterations influenced by epigenetic factors. This study aims to identify the mutations and their frequency in endometrial carcinomas (EC), and furthermore, to determine the relationship of these mutations with histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) parameters. The study was carried out in a retrospective cohort of 98 patients who received treatment upon being diagnosed with EC at a tertiary university hospital in Turkey between 2016 and 2021. The NGS-DNA tumor panel containing 29 genes was used in the study. NGS data of the cases were obtained from state of the evidence Tier 1 and 2 mutations. The relationship of patients’ next generation sequencing (NGS) DNA panel results with histopathological parameters and IHC results (MLH1, MSH2, PMS2, MSH6 and p53) were evaluated. In 59 of the 98 cases, mutations were detected in at least one gene investigated with the NGS DNA panel. The most common somatic mutations in endometrial carcinoma were PIK3CA (33.6%), CTNNB1 (16.3%), KRAS (12.2%) and FGFR2 (11.2%) in this cohort. Abnormal p53 was detected by IHC in 15 out of 75 (20%) cases. Loss of expression was observed in at least one mismatch repair (MMR) protein by means of IHC in 39 out of 72 (39.8%) cases. Metastasis was found in 14 out of 82 (14.3%) patients who underwent lymph node dissection. FGFR2 mutation was more common in the group with lymph node metastasis compared to those without metastasis (p = 0.02). We report the mutational landscape of EC in a tertiary referral hospital in northwestern Turkey. Although our data are very limited, we think that the FGFR2 mutation may be associated with lymph node metastasis, but studies with larger patient numbers and longer follow-up periods are needed. © 2022 Elsevier GmbHÖğe Immunohistochemical expression of E-Cadherin and ?-catenin in prostate adenocarcinoma and benign prostate hyperplasia(2020) İsal Arslan, Ayşegül; Karabağ, Sevil; Akgül, Murat; Yıldırım, İlkerDisruption of the E cadherin mediated complex due to loss or depletion of E cadherin results in epithelial abnormalities and serious developmental impairment in varioustissues and organs. The present study aims to determine E cadherin and ? catenin expression in patients diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatecarcinoma (PCa) based on Gleason scores and investigate the association of these proteins with PSA levels and Gleason scoring. Immunohistochemical staining for Ecadherin and ? catenin was performed in 59 patients diagnosed with PCa and 30 patients with BPH. Mean E cadherin expression was 3.00 in patients diagnosed with BPHand 2.38±0.5 in patients with PCa, with a statistically significant difference between these values (p<0.001). Comparison of PCa cases with PSA <10 versus those withPSA ?10 revealed significantly reduced ? catenin expression in the group with PSA levels ?10 (p<0.001). Loss of E cadherin and ? catenin is known to contribute to thepathogenesis of PCa. We believe that future molecular studies on this subject may further elucidate the association between carcinoma development and the expression ofthese molecules, leading to new therapeutic targets in the treatment of PCa.Öğe İnsan fetüsünde duodenumun morfometrik analizi(2021) Eren Erdoğan, Kıvılcım; Doran, Figen; Karabağ, Sevil; Alsancak, Perihan; Soygun, NazlıAmaç: Duodenum mukozas› parmak benzeri villuslarla kapl›d›r. Yetiflkinlerde villusun boy/en oran› yaklafl›k 4–5:1’dir. Çal›flmam›- z›n amac›, insan fetüsünde villus boy/en oran›n› de¤erlendirmek- tir. Yöntem: Çal›flmaya 81 fetal otopsi dahil edildi. Rastgele 3 villus X ve Y eksenlerinde ölçüldü. ‹statistiksel analiz Pearson korelasyonu, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, ki kare ve lineer regresyon testleri ve Stu- dent t testiyle yap›ld›. Bulgular: Çal›flmada 29 difli ve 52 erkek fetüs mevcuttu. Yafl ara- l›¤› gebeli¤in 12. ve 40. haftalar› aras›ndayd›. Seksen bir fetüsün 2’si birinci trimesterde, 73’ü ikinci trimesterde ve 6’s› üçüncü tri- mesterdeydi. Birinci, ikinci ve üçüncü trimesterdeki ortalama vil- lus boy/en oranlar› s›ras›yla 2.75±0.37, 3.21±0.17 ve 3.76±0.6 idi. Gebelik haftas› ile duodenum villus boy/en oran› aras›nda korelas- yon yoktu (p=0.080). Difli ve erkek fetüslerde ortalama villus boy/en oranlar› s›ras›yla 3.62±1.28 ve 3.02±0.84 idi (p=0.014). Sonuç: Literatürle karfl›laflt›r›ld›¤›nda çal›flmam›zda, gebelik haf- tas›ndan ba¤›ms›z olarak villuslar, yetiflkinlere k›yasla fetüslerde daha künt ve k›sayd› ancak çocuklarda öyle de¤ildi. Villuslar›n do- ¤umdan sonra kademeli uzay›fl› çevresel faktörlerle iliflkilendirile- bilir.Öğe Kliniğimizde Endometrial Biyopsi Sonucu Malign Olan Hastaların Frozen Ve Ana Patoloji Sonuçlarının Değerlendirilmesi(2024) Öztürk, Mehmet; Çağlayan, Emel Kıyak; Şentürk, Mehmet Baki; Karabağ, Sevil; Çam, ÇetinÖz Amaç: Endometrium kanseri (EK) sık görülen jinekolojik kanserlerdendir. İlk tedavisi cerrahidir. Cerrahi evrelemede yüksek riskli olgularda lenfadenektomi genel kabul görülürken özellikle düşük ve orta riskli hastalarda pelvik-paraaortik lenf nodu disseksiyonu tartışmalıdır. Retrospektif olarak yapılan bu çalışmada EK nedeniyle opere edilen hastalarda intraoperatif frozen incelemenin lenf nodu disseksiyonu kararı vermede etkisi araştırılmıştır. Materyal-Yöntem: 2018-2022 tarihleri arasında Endometrial biopsi sonucu EK tanısı ile opere edilen 81 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalara ait veriler hastane kayıt sisteminden elde edildi. Frozen incelemede histolojik tip, grade, myometrial invazyon, servikal tutulum verileri ile parafin inceleme sonuçları karşılaştırıldı. Parametreler arasındaki uyumun belirlenmesinde Kappa uyum katsayısı hesaplandı. Sonuçlar %95 güven aralığında ve anlamlılık p<0.05 düzeyinde değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar: Olguların yaş ortalaması 62,84±8,024 yıldır. Frozen ile endometrial biopsi sonuçları arasındaki Kappa Uyum Düzeyi %62,6’dir. Biyopsi ile frozen patoloji arasında önemli düzeyde uyum saptandı. Frozen ile parafin inceleme tanı sonuçları arasındaki histolojik tip ve grade açısından kappa uyumu % 66.4 olarak hesaplandı ve önemli düzeyde uyum saptandı. Myometrium invazyon derinliği ve servikal tutulum açısından frozen ile parafin inceleme sonuçları arasındaki uyum sırasıyla % 77.1 önemli derecede uyum ,ve %97.6 mükemmel uyum olarak saptandı. Tümör çapı açısından kappa uyumu %83 mükemmel derecede uyum olarak bulundu. Tartışma: EK nedeniyle ameliyat edilen hastalarda intraoperatif frozen inceleme ile cerrahi genişliğine karar vermede histolojik grade, myometrial invazyon derinliği, servikal tutulum ve tümör çapını parametrelerini değerlendirme için güvenilir bir yöntemdir.Öğe Nazal Kavite Yerleşimli Renal Hücreli Karsinom Metastazı(2019) Karabağ, Sevil; Öznur, Meltem; Arslan, Ayşegül; Ersözlü, TolgaRenal hücreli karsinom, erişkin neoplazilerinin %3’ünü oluşturan agresif bir tümördür. En sık metastaz yaptığı yerler akciğer, adrenal, barsak, beyin ve intraabdominal organlardır. Bunun yanı sıra literatürde kalp, mesane, meme, tonsil ve tiroide yerleşen metastaz olguları bildirilmiştir. Bu yazıda bir nazal kavite yerleşimli renal hücreli karsinom metastazı olgusunu, nazal obstrüksiyon ve epistaksis görülen ve renal hücreli karsinomu olan hastalarda metastaz olasılığının akılda tutulmasını vurgulamak amacıylasunduk.Öğe Pathogenetic and Prognostic Importance of Cyclin D1, Estrogen Receptor, and TAG72 in Cutaneous Vascular Tumors and Pericytic Tumors(Galenos Publ House, 2022) Karabağ, Sevil; Erdoğan, Kıvılcım; Mirioğlu, Akif; Zorlu, Özge; Gönlüşen, Gülfiliz; Özbarlas, SerdarObjective: The present study aims to investigate the presence of pericyte loss in malignant vascular tumors and investigate the expression of cell cycle regulators, cyclin D1 and estrogen receptor (ER), and tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG72) in tumor cells and tumor microenvironment in benign/malignant vascular tumors and benign/malignant pericytic tumors. Methods: Cyclin D1, ER, and TAG72 were examined by immunohistochemistry in 38 cases of tumors of vascular and pericytic origins. The data on metastasis and prognosis of malignant cases were retrieved from the hospital information system. Results: The 38 patients included the following types of neoplasms: hemangioma (n=16), glomus tumor (n=9), epithelioid angiosarcoma (n=8), epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (n=3), infantile hemangiopericytoma (n=1), and malignant glomus tumor (n=1). No statistically significant difference was found in cyclin D1 expression between pericyte-derived tumors and malignant vascular tumors (p=0.508). When benign-malignant vascular and pericytic tumors were compared, no statistically significant difference was found in cyclin D1 expression between the 4 groups (p=0.465). No statistically significant difference was observed in staining between tumors of vascular and pericytic origin (p=0.104). ER expression was detected in only one case of malignant glomus tumor. TAG72 expression was not observed in any of the cases. Conclusion: The present study supports the notion that cyclin D1 may be present as a driver mutation in this group of tumors. The findings of this study did not produce any data to support the hypothesis claiming that pericyte loss led to malignancy. We believe that our results on the comparison of cell cycle protein expressions in cutaneous vascular and pericytic tumors shed light for future studies to elucidate the pathogenesis of this group of rare tumors.Öğe PD-L1, MMR, and EGFR expression in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors(2024) Karabağ, Sevil; Öznur, MeltemPurpose: There are limited studies on gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) in the literature. This study aimed to determine PD-L1 and EGFR expression in primary G1 and G2 NETs and neuroendocrine carcinoma located in the gastrointestinal system, explore the relationship between grades, and investigate the loss of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression and its association with PD-L1 expression. Materials and Methods: All patients diagnosed with primary gastrointestinal NETs between January 2017 and January 2021 were included in this study. The study evaluated the protein expression of PD-L1, EGFR, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 by immunohistochemistry. A total of 30 patients were included in the study. Results: PD-L1 expression was detected in tumor cells and/or tumor microenvironment immune cells in 8 cases (28%), consisting of four G1, two G2, and two NEC cases. There was no significant relationship between histological grade and PD-L1 expression. A loss of expression of at least one MMR protein was noted in 16 cases (53%). A loss of MMR protein expression was detected in five of the eight cases with PD-L1 expression. EGFR expression was not detected in any of the cases. Conclusion: The study revealed a loss of MMR protein expression in 53% and PD-L1 expression in 27% of gastrointestinal NETs. This study might be a pioneer for future studies on immune checkpoint inhibitors in microsatellite-unstable NETs, thereby contributing to providing a treatment alternative for this group of patients.Öğe A Rare Cause of Secretory Diarrhea Causing Syncope Attack: Mckittrick-Wheelock Syndrome(2023) Açar, Sami; Karabağ, Sevil; Sasan, Hadi; Aydın, Can; Küçükmetin, Nurten TürkelMcKittrick-Wheelock syndrome (MKWS) is characterised by electrolyte abnormalities such as secretory diarrhoea with mucus, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, dehydration from fluid loss, and/or prerenal acute renal failure. Depending on the severity of clinical symptoms, syn- cope may happen. This is caused on by a massive hypersecretory villous adenoma, which is typically seen in the rectum or rectosigmoid region. If untreated, this condition could worsen and result in death, so a careful evaluation is necessary. Depending on the size, loc ation, and level of involvement in the colorectal wall, the villous adenoma causing the condition may be treated by endoscopic, laparoscopic, or open surgery. This article's goal is to demonstrate an assessed case of syncope that underwent examinations and was ultimately classified as MKWS.Öğe Rare malacoplakia of the prostate: presentation with three cases(Springer, 2021) İşal, A.; Yazıcı, Cenk Murat; Karabağ, Sevil[No Abstract Available]Öğe Relapse of minimal change disease after inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: case report(Springer, 2022) Özkan, Gülsüm; Bayrakçı, Nergiz; Karabağ, Sevil; Güzel, Eda Çelik; Ulusoy, S.[No Abstract Available]Öğe REPORTING IN PERINATAL AUTOPSIES(Amasya Üniversitesi, 2020) Karabağ, SevilThe aim of fetal pathology is to clarify the processes related to pregnancy and childbirth, to estimate the gestational age, to document the development of the fetus, to determine the underlying anomalies and to give information about the results of maternal-fetal treatments. Reporting consists of clinical history, macroscopic examination, microscopic examination and diagnose. Causes of intrauterine death; chorioamnionitis, asphyxia, Placental abruption, major anomalies, chromosomal defects, severe intrauterine growth retardation, diffuse infarct in placenta, hydrops fetalis, subependimal hemorrhage, amniotic band sequence and transfusion in twins.Öğe The Association of ERG and c-erbB2 Expressions With Gleason Scoring in Adenocarcinomas of the Prostate(Galenos Publ House, 2022) Dag, Kenan; Karabağ, SevilBACKGROUND/AIM: We aimed to determine erythroblast transformation-specific-related gene (ERG) and c-erbB2 expression in patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate and to investigate the association of these proteins with tumor growth and/or Gleason score, which is the main prognostic marker in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radical prostatectomy materials of 59 patients with acinar adenocarcinoma were included in this study. Immunohistochemical analysis for ERG and c-erbB2 was performed. The association of ERG and c-erbB2 expressions with International Society of Urologic Pathologists (ISUP) grade, tumor volume and patient age was investigated. RESULTS: ISUP grade was 1 (equivalent to a Gleason score of 6) in 23 tumors while the rest of the cases were Gleason score >6 tumors. ERG expression was detected in 37.5% of the cases. None of the cases had c-erbB2 expression. There was no significant difference in ERG staining between the low-risk (ISUP 1) and high-risk (ISUP >1) groups (p=0.602). Evaluation of all ISUP groups with the Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant difference across the groups in terms of ERG expression (p=0.374). CONCLUSION: The present study reflects the ERG expression rate (37.5%) in patients with carcinoma of the prostate in Turkey. Our findings support that ERG overexpression is involved in the pathogenesis but has no association with histological grade in prostate carcinoma.Öğe The Effect of EGFR, P16 and Ki67 Expression on Prognosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma(2022) İsal Arslan, Ayşegül; Ersözlü, Tolga; Karabağ, SevilObjective: HPV and EGFR expression status may be utilized as an independent prognostic factor owing to the different clinical and demographic characteristics head and neck cancers. In the study, it was aimed to investigate the association between EGFR, p16 and ki67 expression and survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).Materials and Methods: A total of 43 patients with SCC of the head and neck region were included in the study. EGFR, p16 and Ki67 were examined by means of immunohistochemistry. The association between these markers and survival was investigated.Results: EGFR expression was detected in 14 cases (32.5%), Staining with p16 was positive in 20 cases (46.5%). Mean duration of follow up was 32 months. There was a statistically significant difference between ki67 proliferation indices of patients who survived and those who died (p=0.037). Survival was significantly shorter in EGFR positive patients compared to those negative for EGFR expressions (p=0.037). Mean survival was 30 months in the 20 p16 positive patients and 33.5 months in p16 negative patients (p=0.847).Conclusion: This study supports that EGFR and Ki67 may be important markers to predict prognosis and survival in patients with head and neck SCC.Öğe The effect of papaverine on tendon healing and adhesion in rats following Achilles tendon repair(2024) Can, Erdem; Dincel, Yasar Mahsut; Karabulut, Derya; Karabağ, Sevil; Arslan, Yunus ZiyaObjectives: The study aimed to examine the histopathological and biomechanical effects of papaverine administered intraperitoneally and locally on Achilles tendon healing in a rat model. Materials and methods: Forty-eight adult male Sprague- Dawley rats (range, 300 to 400 g) were used in this study conducted between October and November 2022. The rats were divided into three groups, with each group further subdivided into two for sacrifice on either the 15th (early period) or 30th (late period) day after surgery. The first (control) group received no treatment following Achilles tendon repair, while papaverine was intraperitoneally administered every other day for 10 days in the second group and locally in the third group after surgery. On the 15th and 30th days, the rats were sacrificed, and their Achilles tendons were subjected to biomechanical testing and histopathological evaluation. Results: Histopathologically, there were no significant differences among the groups on the 15th day. However, on the 30th day, the locally applied papaverine group exhibited superior histopathological outcomes compared to the control group (p<0.05). Concerning the highest tensile strength values before rupture, the biomechanical assessment showed that the group receiving local papaverine treatment in the early period and both the group with systemic papaverine treatment and the one with local papaverine treatment in the late period displayed a statistically significant advantage compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Locally administered papaverine has positive biomechanical effects in the early period and exhibits a positive correlation both histopathologically and biomechanically in the late period. Novel therapeutic options may be provided for patients through these findings.Öğe The effects of etomidate on testicular ischemia reperfusion injury in ipsilateral and contralateral testes of rats(Verduci Editore s.r.l, 2022) Jafarova Demirkapu, Mahluga; Karabağ, Sevil; Akgül, Hacı Murat; Mordeniz, Cengiz; Yananli, H.R.OBJECTIVE: Testicular torsion is a condition that manifests with acute pain and can lead to infertility despite urgent surgical intervention. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective and preventive effects of etomidate, an imidazole derivative, a non-barbiturate general anesthetic agent, without analgesic effect, on testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were used in the study. Torsion was created in all rats by rotating left testes 720° clockwise on the day of the experiment. 30 minutes before detorsion, 4 mg/kg etomidate and 10 mg/kg propofol were administered intraperitoneally to the etomidate and propofol groups, respectively. After an hour of ischemia, the left testis was reinstated, and the tissues were repaired according to their physiology. Following 24 hours of reperfusion, the animals were euthanized after ipsilateral and contralateral testes were removed. RESULTS: Etomidate applied before testicular detorsion significantly suppressed germ cell damage and Leydig cell loss in ipsilateral tissue. It did not cause any significant changes in the percentage of necrosis, histological score, and tubule rupture in ipsilateral tissue. Propofol administered before testicular detorsion significantly suppressed the percentage of necrosis only in the ipsilateral tissue. In addition, no signs of damage were observed in the contralateral testis. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that etomidate administered before detortion creates a protective effect by preventing testicular ischemia- reperfusion injury. © 2022 Verduci Editore s.r.l. All rights reserved.
