Yazar "Çelik, Suna Özden" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 25
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe ANALYSIS OF MICROFIBRES RELEASED FROM DOMESTIC LAUNDRY WITH EXPERIMENTAL METHODS AND SIMULATION MODELS(Gh Asachi Technical Univ Iasi, 2022) Bektaş, Emrah; Aydın, Neşli; Çelik, Suna ÖzdenMicroplastics, especially microfibres, have been identified in aquatic sources worldwide. This study aims to determine the amount of microfibres discharged into wastewater from the washing of textile products domestically in the province of Tekirdag, Thrace Region of Turkey. Experimental studies were conducted to measure the release of these microfibres from the domestic laundry of fabrics with different fibre compositions. The wastewater collected from the washing machine outlet was passed through filters of different sizes, such as 200 mu m, 100 mu m, 50 mu m and 5 mu m. A simulation model was built to evaluate the accumulation of these microfibres between 2017 and 2030 by taking into account regional population dynamics and social behaviour patterns in the province. The literature review and questionnaire study constituted data for the model. As a result of this study, it was determined that the 200 mu m (62.3%) and 5 mu m (19%) filters show the highest uptake rate respectively and the weight of microfibres held in the 200 mu m filter varies between 52.59% and 70.94%. It was estimated that the microfibre release resulting from the annual laundry activity in Tekirdag could reach approximately 55.9 tonnes (35.6 tonnes for >200 mu m, 5 tonnes for 100-200 mu m, 5.2 tonnes for 50-100 mu m and 10.1 tonnes for 5-50 mu m). The sensitivity analysis of the model simulation also showed that the accumulation of microfibres in Tekirdag is estimated to range between 30 and 200 tonnes for the project period. It was determined that if 200 mu m filters are used in machines, approximately 53% of microfibre accumulation can be prevented without passing into the aquatic ecosystem, compared to using 5 mu m filters.Öğe Artificial Neural Network Predictions of Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Reactor Performance in the Treatment of Citrus Juice Wastewater(Hard, 2012) Elnekave, Moiz; Çelik, Suna Özden; Tatlier, Melkon; Tüfekçi, NeşeThe operation of a full-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating citrus juice wastewater was observed for two years. The average total chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency was determined to be equal to 79% and 77%, for the first and second years of operation for this reactor, respectively. The average volumetric loading rate was equal to 8.1 and 5.7 kg COD/m(3)day, respectively, during these periods. Three artificial neural network (ANN) models, namely feed forward back propagation (FFBP), radial basis function-based neural networks (RBF), and generalized regression neural networks (GRNN) were utilized to predict the COD and total suspended solid (TSS) concentrations in the effluent leaving the UASB reactor as well as the biogas production in the reactor. In general, the FFBP model made the best predictions with an average deviation of about 6.4-15.6% from the experimental values. The predictions made for biogas production and COD concentration were more accurate, while relatively larger discrepancies existed for the TSS concentration. The utilization of the ANN models generally provided significant improvements when compared to the use of multilinear regression for the same purpose.Öğe Atıktan Türetilmiş Yakıt: Yasal Çerçeve, Avrupa’daki ve Türkiye’deki Durum(Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, 2018) Çelik, Suna ÖzdenHızla artan endüstrileşmeye paralel olarak, miktar ve hacimce artan katı atıklar, çevresel açıdan problemler meydana getirmekte, atıkların depolanarak bertaraf edilmesi durumunda ise bertaraf tesisleri yetersiz kalmaktadır. Avrupa Birliği üyesi ülkeler, düzenli depolamaya gidecek atık miktarını azaltmak için, kaynağında azaltma, geri kazanım ve yeniden kullanımı artırmak konusunda hedefler belirlemişlerdir. Son zamanlarda enerji kaynaklarının yetersizliği ve fosil yakıtların artan maliyetleri dolayısıyla atıkların bertaraf edildiği, aynı zamanda enerji geri kazanımı sağlanabilen metodlar önem kazanmıştır. Isıl değer taşıyan atıkların çimento fabrikalarında yakıt olarak kullanılarak bertaraf edilmesi gelişmiş ülkelerde yaygın bir şekilde uygulanmaktadır. Bu şekilde hem düzenli depolamaya gönderilecek atık miktarı azaltılmakta, hem enerji potansiyeli olan atıklardan enerji kaynağı olarak kullanılabilen alternatif bir yakıt elde edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada atıktan türetilmiş yakıt (ATY) kavramı açıklanmış, Avrupa’da ve ülkemizde ATY ile ilgili yasal düzenlemeler araştırılarak, ülkemizdeki atık potansiyeli incelenmiş, ATY kullanımının çevreye ve en önemli uygulama alanı olan çimento sektörüne etkileri ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır.Öğe Color and Cod Removal From Treated Textile Industry Effluents with Various Adsorbents(Yildiz Technical Univ, 2017) Kaykıoğlu, Gül; Güneş, Elçin; Güneş, Yalçın; Çelik, Suna ÖzdenThe rapid depletion and pollution of water resources are extremely negative impact on all life in Ergene River Basin in Turkey. The highly polluted sites were Corlu and Cerkezkoy in the basin which located near the most urbanized and industrialized area. New discharge standards were developed by Turkish Water Pollution Control Regulation (TWPCR) for COD (chemical oxygen dimend) and color to prevent pollution caused by insufficient wastewater treatment in the basin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the color and COD removal efficiency of various adsorbents for biologically treated effluents of a local textile factory in Corlu which has COD: 200 mg/L and color: 39.4 m(-1). In the study four adsorbents were used: the waste metal hydroxide (WMH) obtained from aluminum electroplating industry, colemanite waste (CW) and ulexite waste (UW) collected from boron ore wastes and magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) (MNP). The adsorption of color and COD onto different adsorbents were studied at natural pH (pH 7.5), different adsorbent doses (2-30 g/L) and different contact times (0, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 min). The color removal efficiencies of WMH and UW were bigger than MNP and CW. Adsorption with UW achieved to equilibrium at 120 min and with WMH at 180 min. The maximum color removal efficiencies were 67% for UW and 57% for WMH. The maximum COD removal efficiencies were 72% for UW and 70% for WMH. Both adsorbents were reduced COD below 100 mg/L and color below 20 m(-1). Freundlich model yielded better fit than the Langmuir model for the adsorption of color and COD on UW and WMH.Öğe Colour removal from biologically treated textile dyeing wastewater with natural and novel pre-hydrolysed coagulants(Turkish Chemical Society, 2018) Yıldız Töre, Günay; Ata, Reyhan; Çelik, Suna Özden; Kırhan Sesler, ŞenayIn this paper, natural (chitosan and starch) and novel pre-hydrolysed coagulants (PACl, PAFC, PFS and PFC) were performed with coagulant aid for colour removal from a biologically treated textile wastewater including multiple dyes (indigo and reactive). According to the experimental results, optimum coagulant dosages which provide the best colour removal for PACl, PAFCl, PFS (%10) and PFCl (%10), were determined as 80 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 3 mg/L and 40 mg/L, respectively, at pH 4 and pH 6,98 (natural pH of studied wastewater, pHnww). Maximum colour removal was determined as 97% for PAFCl, minimum removal was 23% for PFCl at pH 4, while it was calculated as 75% and 52% at pHnww. COD removal was observed as 45% at pH 4 and 55% at pHnww for maximum colour removal. Sludge production rate was measured as 71 kg/d while this rate was found as 60 kg/d at pHnww. On the other hand colour removal efficiencies were determined in the range of 55-88% at pHnww and pH 3 for chitosan while it was calculated as 52% for starch at pHnww and pH 9. According to the results, PAFCl and chitosan were found as the best coagulants for colour removal of investigated textile wastewater. According to the economic analysis results, the best colour effiency were found as 97% with PAFCl and the second best colour removal were found as 88% with Chitosan. Due to lower sludge production than PAFCl and lower chemical costs; Chitosan can be considered as a reasonable alternative for this wastewater. © 2018, Turkish Chemical Society. All rights reserved.Öğe Comparison of Fenton process and adsorption method for treatment of industrial container and drum cleaning industry wastewater(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Güneş, Elçin; Çifçi, Deniz İzlen; Çelik, Suna ÖzdenThe present study aims to explore the characterization of industrial container and drum cleaning (ICDC) industry wastewater and treatment alternatives of this wastewater using Fenton and adsorption processes. Wastewater derived from ICDC industry is usually treated by chemical coagulation and biological treatment in Turkey and then discharged in a centralized wastewater treatment facility. It is required that the wastewater COD is below 1500mg/L to treat in a centralized wastewater treatment facility. The wastewater samples were characterized for parameters of pH, conductivity, COD, BOD5, TSS, NH3-N, TN, TOC, TP, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Hg. Initial COD values were in the range of 11,300-14,200mg/L. The optimum conditions for Fenton treatment were 35-40g/L for H2O2, 2-5g/L for Fe2+, and 13-36 for H2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio. The optimum conditions of PAC doses and contact times in adsorption studies were 20-30g/L and 5-12 h, respectively. Removal efficiencies of characterized parameters for the three samples were compared for both Fenton and adsorption processes under optimum conditions. The results suggest that these wastewaters are suitable for discharge to a centralized wastewater treatment plant.Öğe Conventional and microwave drying of hydrocarbon cutting sludge(Wiley, 2019) Tınmaz Köse, Esra; Çelen, Soner; Çelik, Suna ÖzdenThe purpose of this article is to investigate the drying kinetics and determine the effectiveness of conventional and microwave drying processes for drying of hydrocarbon cutting sludge which is one of the most important waste occurring from petroleum and natural gas cutting activities. Drying experiments of hydrocarbon cutting sludge were performed at MW power levels of 120, 460, and 600 W using microwave dryer and at drying temperatures of 140 degrees C and 180 degrees C. The sample weights were selected as 50, 100, and 150 g. Energy consumption values were determined, according to the microwave power levels, drying temperature, drying times, moisture ratio, as 0.01-0.11 kW/h for microwave, and as 0.11-0.55 kW/h for conventional drying processes. The results showed that the microwave drying was the more effective drying process in terms of drying times and energy consumption. Furthermore, as a result of the statistical analysis, the most suitable model among five drying models was determined according to the chi(2), e(s), and r criteria. (c) 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13104, 2019Öğe Copper and Cadmium Contents in Ground and Surface Water in Corlu, Turkey(Scibulcom Ltd, 2008) Öngen, Atakan; Dökmeci, H.; Çelik, Suna Özden; Şabudak, Temine; Kaykıoğlu, Gül; Dökmeci, I.Heavy metal Pollution is a quickly growing problem for water systems, Such as oceans, lakes, and rivers in the areas with intensive industry. There are several different ways that heavy metal pollution ends up in our oceans. lakes and bays. The four main ways are: burning heavy metal, heavy metal runoff, dumping or heavy metals, and tributary inflow. Roadways and automobiles are also considered to be one of the largest sources of heavy metals. Zinc, copper, and lead are three of the most common heavy metals released from road travel, accounting for at least 90 of the total metals in road runoff. Meanwhile. they are natural components of the Earth's crust. They can not be degraded or destroyed. To a small extent they enter Our bodies via food, drinking water and air. Heavy metals become dangerous when they tend to bioaccumulate. Since study area has been Under a heavy industrialisation period, alteration of natural water resources has been reported in the area. In order to evaluate the potential of this alteration heavy metal monitoring program was run in the area. In the region, drinking water is supplied by groundwater abstraction. Surface water has limited usage because of its low quality. Surface water has both organic and inorganic based Pollution related to uncontrolled agricultural and industrial activities. Both groundwater and Surface water samples were collected from over 30 sampling points. Cadmium and copper analyses were carried out via atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Great variations in the results among the samples were recognised during analysis. Maximum concentrations for both cadmium and copper were determined in surface water samples as 202 ppb and 19 ppb, respectively. Analysis Of groundwater samples from municipal wells showed that copper and cadmium levels were under standards which Would harm people health.Öğe Determination of Biogas Potential of Agricultural Residue from Agricultural Product Having High Cultivation Rate in Turkey(TUBITAK, 2022) Çakal, S.; Çelik, Suna ÖzdenBiogas production from biodegradable residues, provide environmental solution for waste management, beside energy recovery. In this article, energy potential of agricultural residue, having high cultivation and energy capacity was estimated based on the data of Turkish Statistical Institute. Agricultural land constitutes 30.40% of Turkey's whole lands. Cereals etc. are cultivated (66.44%) in large part of agricultural land. 15.81% of land is left as fallow land, while 14.30% of land is used for fruit, beverage and spices (herbs), 3.40% for vegetables, 0.02% for ornamental plant. Wheat is cultivated in 76990818 decare, barley in 24396791 decare, corn in 11253140 decare, sunflower in 7796217 decare and cotton in 5018534 decare as reported by TSI 2017. Calculated total biogas from agricultural residue is 240673168 m3/year in Turkey. Biogas energy equivalent was determined as 5463.19 TJ/year (130460.98 TEP/year). In this study, the province where energy consumption can be met at highest rate was determined as Şanlıurfa (21,16%). This phenomeon can be explained by low electricity demand of Şanlıurfa. Following Şanlıurfa, the rates of providing electricity consumption are Konya (16.86%), Adana (13.48%), Tekirdağ (11.24%) and İzmir (3.14%), respectively. Compensation percent of energy demand is considered as a very important criteria choosing place for biogas plant. © 2022, TUBITAK. All rights reserved.Öğe Determination of Nickel and Lead Contents in Soil and Plant in Corlu, Turkey(Scibulcom Ltd, 2008) Şabudak, Temine; Kaykıoğlu, Gül; Öngen, Atakan; Dökmeci, Ayşe Handan; Çelik, Suna Özden; Dökmeci, I.The extent of the environmental pollution derived from industrial activities has intensive adverse effects in Corlu, Turkey. In the study area industrialisation has been growing rapidly and uncontrolled since 1970's. Corlu has a great importance regarding its industrial improvement both for Thrace region and Turkey. This consequence has not yet been evaluated sufficiently in the view of environmental concerns. Due to environmental cycle, trace elements, emanating from atmospheric and industrial Pollution accumulate, in soil and affect the ecosystem nearby. These elements may accumulate in soil, collected in plant or infiltrated 10 ground water. If they accumulate in a plant the), may reach to food chain and become harmful for human life. Hence, the investigation of trace elements in soil and plant samples is very important in the point of environmental Pollution, especially for plants. In the present study, levels of Pb and Ni in soil and plant samples collected from Corlu, Turkey, were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The maximum levels of trace elements were determined as 52.91 mg Pb kg(-1) and 40.68 mg Ni kg(-1) in soil and 80.90 mg Pb kg(-1) in plant parts. Phytotoxic Pb amount ill the some samples was observed. The nickel in plant samples was not in detectable limits for FAAS.Öğe Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil, atmospheric deposition and biomonitor samples in the Meric-Ergene River Basin, Turkey(Springer, 2020) Hanedar, Asude; Güneş, Elçin; Kaykıoğlu, Gül; Çelik, Suna Özden; Cabi, EvrenIn this study, the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in various components in the Meric-Ergene River Basin which is one of Turkey's intensive industrialization centers and which accordingly has faced significant environmental pollution and has about 1300 industrial plants within its boundaries. In the river basin, 16 USEPA PAHs were measured in a total of 192 samples consisting of soil, lichen, pine needle and total deposition samples for 1 year to represent the four seasons at a total of 12 points in 4 different regions which were determined as intensive industrial area, industrial + residential area, agricultural area and background. According to the results obtained, the total PAH values, in all sampling points, varied between 69.6 and 1277.7 ng/g (dry wt) for soil, lichen and pine needle samples and between 0 and 937.8 ng/m(2)-day for the total deposition samples. The highest values were determined in the fall season for the lichen samples and industrial area. The data obtained were evaluated in terms of spatial and seasonal variations, and according to their molecular weights. The incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCRs) of exposing to soil PAHs were calculated, and maximum ILCR values were observed in industrial areas for child and adults. The diagnostic ratios were performed for determining the source, and the comparison of bioindication features was made for lichen and pine needle samples by comparing with Koa and Kow values of PAHs.Öğe DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF FULVIC ACID AND IRON OXIDE ON Fe(II) AND Mn(II) REMOVAL IN A SUBMERGED MEMBRANE USING LEAST SQUARES REGRESSION(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Ormancı Acar, Türkan; Aya, Serhan Aydın; Çelik, Suna Özden; Türkoğlu Demirkol, Güler; Tüfekçi, NeşeThe aim of this study is to assess the effects of fulvic acid and iron oxide on the Fe2+ and Mn2+ removal by an aerated-submerged membrane system. To construct empirical models for the relationship, polynomial regression method is applied. Ultrafiltration hollow fiber membrane module is submerged into aeration tank. The pressure changes in the membrane system are continuously monitored by means of pressure gauge. Dissolved organic carbon, UV254, iron and manganese concentrations are measured in the raw, unfiltered and filtered waters. While iron oxide's presence increases the removal efficiency of Fe2+ and Mn2+, high concentration of fulvic acid affects adversely. The relationship between these contaminants and membrane fouling is investigated. Also, in order to model the relationship, regression analysis using least squares (LS) approximation method is performed. This method is based on a polynomial of degree n to compute the best approximation to data. Mathematical models are evaluated and compared to identify an adequate model to represent the flux data collected with different ingredients. The results obtained by LS show that the method is feasible.Öğe Drying of Drilling Sludge: Conventional and Microwave Drying(2019) Çelik, Suna Özden; Tınmaz Köse, Esra; Çelen, Soner; Akın, Gizem; Akyıldız, AylinDrilling sludge (DS) is one of the most important waste generated during drilling activitiesand management of drilling sludge (DS) is highly complicated because of its highmoisture content, complex constituents and chemical characteristics. Treatment, transportationand disposal costs of DS are important issues about the management of DS.Restrictive environmental legislation has led to the optimization of solid–liquid separation.Drying process can be defined as an effective solution to reduce sludge mass and thus toreduce management cost.In this study, conventional and microwave drying of DS were compared in terms ofprocess efficiency. Microwave power levels, drying temperature, drying times, moisturecontent of the DS and energy consumption of drying processes were defined as controlparameters. Microwave power levels of 120 and 700 W and 60 and 80 oC were performedto dry the DS sample for microwave and conventional drying, respectively. The resultsshowed that the microwave drying was more effective than conventional method in theview of drying times and energy consumption.Öğe Effects of Fe(OH)(3) and MnO2 Flocs on Iron/Manganese Removal and Fouling in Aerated Submerged Membrane Systems(Mdpi, 2021) Türkoğlu Demirkol, Güler; Çelik, Suna Özden; Güneş Durak, Sevgi; Acarer, Seren; Çetin, Ender; Akarçay Demir, Sultan; Tüfekçi, NeşeMany treatment methods are used to remove iron and manganese from water. Aeration and membrane filtration are two of these methods. In this study, Fe2+ and Mn2+ removal by aeration with different catalysts and instead of simple membrane filtration applied in other studies, the aerated-submerged membrane systems were evaluated separately. When Fe(OH)(3) was applied in the aeration step and complete oxidation of Fe2+ was obtained after 27 min, while complete Mn2+ oxidation was obtained in 76 min. However, when MnO2 was applied in the aeration step, complete oxidation of Fe2+ and Mn2+ was relatively slow (36 and 110 min, respectively). According to the results obtained from the aerated membrane system, Fe2+ and Mn2+ removal were extended by Fe(OH)(3) via adsorption/surface oxidation. It is clearly shown from the flux, resistance results, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT/IR) spectroscopy observation that manganese oxides were deposited mainly in membrane pores forming membrane fouling by small flocs, while iron oxide particles were deposited on the membrane surface. Although the flux performance of PT PES membrane was higher than HF PP membrane, fouling resistance of HF PP membrane was higher than PT PES.Öğe Hydraulic conductivity and removal rate of compacted clays permeated with landfill leachate(Desalination Publ, 2013) Özçoban, Mehmet Şükrü; Çetinkaya, Nejat; Çelik, Suna Özden; Türkoğlu Demirkol, Güler; Cansız, Vildan; Tüfekci, NeşeCompacted clay soils are widely used as a barrier to protect environment from leachate migration. The suitability of clay soil for liner material, depends on resistibility to increase in hydraulic conductivity and contaminant transport. In this article, the influence of compaction energy and permeated leachate properties on the hydraulic conductivity were investigated. Natural attenuation capacities of clays compacted both standard and modified compaction methods were also evaluated. With this purpose, a series of laboratory tests were conducted with soil and real leachate samples obtained from Sile-Komurcuoda Organized Landfill Site. DI and real leachate samples were percolated through the laboratory-scale column reactors that were filled with compacted clay samples prepared according to Standard and Modified Proctor method. During percolation, the hydraulic conductivity and natural attenuation capacity of the clay liner were determined by hydraulic conductivity calculation and chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspenden solids (SS), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), total phosphorus (TP) monitoring, respectively. According to the hydraulic conductivity measurements using leachate, it is shown that hydraulic conductivity decreased in both compacted clay prepared by Standard and Modified Proctor methods, possibly associated with biological and chemical clogging mechanisms. It is thought that clogging formed due to biofilm growth and/or suspended solids accumulation between the particles of the clay soil. When the variations of the COD, SS, TKN, and TP were examined, it was observed that the removal efficiency of the clay compacted by the modified compaction method was greater than the one compacted by the standard compaction method, especially for SS.Öğe Microplastic Release from Domestic Washing(2021) Çelik, Suna ÖzdenPlastics have been used by human beings in a wide variety of materials. Recently, microplastics, either primary or secondary, are encountered in different part of the environment on a global scale. One of the common type of microplastic is micro fiber. Microfibers are known to be released from washing of textile materials. The amount of released fiber varies depending on the washing conditions and fiber characterization. Microplastics can be harmfull for aquatic organisms. Moreover, because long term effect of microplastic is unclear, the situation about microplastic is unpredictable at the future. Therefore, it is aimed in this study to evaluate the release of microfiber from domestic laundry washing operations. 5 washing cycles were studied with domestic type washing machine. Fiber release per washing and kg washed textile material were determined according to the results of the gravimetric analysis. According to the results, cotton textile materials have a higher shedding tendency than synthetic polyester materials. Fiber release varied from 13.1 mg/kg to 15.66 mg/kg depending on % blend of washed textile materials. Most of the fibers were trapped with 100 µm filter, suggesting most of the fibers released from washing in the range of 100-200 µm.Öğe MODELLING OF MICROFILAMENT ACCUMULATION IN AQUATIC MEDIA CAUSED BY LAUNDRY: A SYSTEM APPROACH(Gh Asachi Technical Univ Iasi, 2022) Turan, Onur; Aydın, Neşli; Çelik, Suna ÖzdenIn this study, the accumulation of microfilaments in aquatic systems due to domestic laundry activities in the Thrace Region of Turkey was investigated by adopting the dynamic system modelling approach. The parameters regarding the population of the region, prevalence of washing, filtration, wastewater treatment efficiency and microfilaments discharge were linked and the relationship between them was determined mathematically. Two different scenarios based on technological improvements in fabrics and behavioural laundry changes of the society were produced to examine the microfilament accumulation in the long term with Monte Carlo Sensitivity Analysis. In the 1st scenario, microfilament accumulation was examined when advanced techniques are used in treatment efficiency and filters are located in washing machines, while in the 2nd scenario, filament shedding during washing is limited with the improvements to be made in fabric technology and frequency of washing laundry is decreased by raising awareness of local people on environmental issues. As a result, microfilament accumulation from laundry activities is estimated to reach approximately 500 tonnes by the end of 2035 in the project region. In the 1st scenario, it was seen that the microfilament accumulation varies between 25 and 450 tonnes during the project period. This value changes between 30 and 150 tonnes in the 2nd scenario. The results show that initiatives to prevent pollution at its source (such as increasing fabric technology) are more effective in reducing particles accumulated in aquatic systems in the long run compared to pollution cleaning-up efforts.Öğe Novel Uses of Red Mud in Textile Wastewater Treatment, Dyeing, and Concrete Production(Gh Asachi Technical Univ Iasi, 2015) Yıldız, Aylin; Öztaş, Merve; Karakaya, Nusret; Evrendilek, Fatih; Akyıldız, Aylin; Ağırgan, Ahmet Özgür; Çelik, Suna Özden; Akyıldız, Aylin; Tınmaz-Köse, Esra; Şişman, Can Burak; Kaykıoğlu, GülOptimum conditions for the reusability of red mud were explored testing both dried and HCl-activated red mud as a coagulant in the treatment of dyehouse wastewater. Treated dyehouse wastewater was further reused in five dyebaths with different mixture ratios of distilled water (D) and treated wastewater (W) for dyeing fabrics at three color strengths of three reactive dyes. Sludge obtained from the optimum dosage of HCl-activated red mud was tested for its reuse potential in the production of concrete. The best color removal efficiency occurred using 1 g/L dried red mud at pH 12 and 120 mg/L HCl-activated red mud at pH 12. The best color yield was obtained with a textile dyeing treatment of D50/W50 with 2% color strength when dyehouse wastewater was treated with HCl-activated red mud. Concrete samples with an addition ratio of 2% HCl-activated red mud sludge had the slightly highest compressive strength. The reuses of HCl-activated red mud and its sludge appear to be a promising alternative to some conventional treatments of dye wastewater, dyeing, and concrete production.Öğe Performance of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes for arsenic removal from drinking water(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2016) Elcik, Harun; Çelik, Suna Özden; Çakmakçı, Mehmet; Özkaya, BestaminThe removal of arsenic was investigated by four types of thin-film polyamide nanofiltration (NF) (NF270, NF90) and reverse osmosis (RO) (XLE, BW30) membranes in a flat-sheet module. The influence of membrane types, pressure, pH, and pre-oxidation step on the removal of arsenic (As(III)) was investigated. Initial As(III) concentration was 100g/l for all of the experiments. Flux was determined over a pressure range of 3.5-10bar for both NF and RO membranes. Experiments were conducted at pH 3.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 to evaluate the effect of pH on As(III) removal. The impact of pre-oxidation and oxidant concentrations on As(III) removal were also evaluated. It was found that the percentage of As(III) removal of RO membranes were in the range of 97-99 for all transmembrane pressure applied. In the range of operating conditions, As(III) and As(V) rejection were found almost equally good by RO membranes. RO permeate met the WHO and Turkish standard for arsenic. Pre-oxidation step improved the rejection performance of NF. Nevertheless, NF permeate did not meet the standards in the range of operating conditions.Öğe Post-treatment of anaerobically-treated compost leachate by membrane systems: emphasis on molecular weight distribution(Desalination Publ, 2017) Acun, Sinan; Çelik, Suna Özden; Çakmakçı, Mehmet; Karadağ, Doğan; Armağan, Bülent; Özkaya, BestaminCompost leachate contains high concentrations of organic matter, sulphate and ammonia which requires combined treatment systems. In case of the use of membrane containing combined systems, the effect of pretreatment on molecular weight distribution (MWD) is important in terms of appropriate membrane selection. In this study the leachate from Istanbul full-scale composting plant was firstly treated in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (AFBR). Performance of the reactor was low due to the inhibiton by high ammonia content while treatment efficiencies of COD and SO42- were around 41% with 50% ammonia removal. During the anaerobic treatment high molecular weight materials were mostly converted to low molecular fractions. However, changes in the distribution of molecular fractions differed in each pollutant parameters. Subsequent membrane treatment scheme was determined according to the molecular weight distribution analyses. Particular and collodial materials from AFBR effluent was effectively treated by MF and UF membranes. Post-treatment studies were performed using four different NF and RO membranes and performance comparison was made based on removal efficiency and flux changes. BW30 membrane provided the lowest treatment efficiency while other TXN45, NF90 and XLE membranes had similar effluent quality. Effluent from all membrane systems met discharge limits and optimum treatment scheme has been suggested as AFBR+MF+UF+TXN45 based on operational flux values.
