The characterization of some wild species of Helianthus for some morphological traits

Abstract

This present investigation was undertaken to determine some plant characters In six wild Helianthus genotypes and their test hybrids in 2007 and 2008. Helianthus petiolarls spp. petlolaris (E-142), Helianthus neglectus (E-017) and four wild Helianthus annuus (E-060, E-173, E-174 and E-175) were used as the material. The morphological characters observed in the wild Helianthus genotypes were plant height, head diameter, lateral number, number of days to 50% flowering, flowering period length, and presence of anthocyanin in the cotyledons. In the second year, test hybrids of E-017, E-142, E-173 and E-175 with the female Une 2453-A were evaluated for seed yield, seed weight and some morphological traits. The results showed that plant height, head diameter and lateral number for these wild genotypes ranged from 63 to 171 cm, 2.4 to 8 cm and 43 to 324.3, respectively. The wild sunflower genotypes needed 82-105 days after emergence to reach 50% flowering and had flowering periods of 67-91 days. E-142 (Helianthus petlolarls spp. petiolaris) and its test hybrid with the female line 2453A were similarly in the early group for days to 50% flowering. E-017 (Helianthus neglectus) and its test hybrids were similarly late for days to 50% flowering. Interestingly, although E-173 had medium plant height, its test hybrid had the shortest plants.