Antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and total flavonoid contents of Cirsium bulgaricum DC. leaf extracts

Abstract

In this study, the antioxidant activities of methanol and acetone extracts of Cirsium bulgaricum DC. (Asteraceae) were evaluated by five antioxidant assays, including phosphomolybdate method, cupric ion reducing capacity (CUPRAC), 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonicacid)/persulfate) ABTS/Persulfate, N,N-dimethyl-pphenylenediamine (DMPD) and a Ce(IV)-based reducing capacity (CERAC) methods. The 80% methanol and acetone extracts showed 0.005-6.16 +/- 0.03 mmol/g and 0.004-5.02 +/- 0.02 [(trolox (TR), catechin (CT), epicatechin (EC), rutin (RT), quercetin (QR), naringin (NG) in CUPRAC and ABTS/Persulfate methods, respectively]. According to DMPD methods, inhibition effect were showed 2.3%+/- 0.02 for 80% methanol and 4.6%+/- 0.07 for acetone. Ascorbic acid equivalent mmol (AA)/g extract in CERAC method was found to be 0.0834 +/- 0.09 for 80% methanol and 0.5622 +/- 0.05 for acetone. Ascorbic acid equivalent mu g ascorbic acid (AA) / mL extract were found 807.6 +/- 0.07 for 80% methanol and 292.4 +/- 0.01 for acetone in phpsphomolybdate method. In the addition to the antioxidant activity of the extract, the total flavonoid content was measured. Total flavonoid content of 80% methanol and acetone extracts was found to be 105.5-645 +/- 0.04 mu g/ml quercetin and rutin equivalent. For the determination of antibacterial activities Escherichia coli (E. coli) ATCC 25922, Escherichia coli(E. coli) O157:H7 ATCC 33150, Salmonella Enteritidis(S. Enteritidis) ATCC 1 3 0 7 6, Listeria monocytogenes(L. monocytogenes) ATCC 7 6 4 4, Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) ATCC 25923 bacteria were used as test bacteria. Acetone extracts showed antibacterial activity against all of the tested bacteria ranged between 17.00 +/- 1.72-19.88 +/- 1.75 mm and 80% methanol extracts showed antibacterial activity against all of the tested bacteria ranged between 11.35 +/- 1.43-14.43 +/- 1.32 mm.