The Execution of Sheikh Shihab al-Din al-Suhrawardi in the Context of Political and Religious Dynamics of the Ayyubids Period
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Anadolu Ilahiyat Akademisi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
The rule of Saladin in the Ayyubids State represents a rich and complex historical period in terms of political and religious aspects. One of the most significant events of this period is the execution of the Muslim philosopher Sheikh Shihab al-Din al-Suhrawardi and the extensive political and religious implications that followed this dramatic event. Despite being known as a benevolent ruler who generally supported scholars, Saladin displayed a harsh attitude towards philosophical studies and education. This led to an increase in the number of madrasas focusing on Islamic sciences, as opposed to philosophical sciences, in the cities under Ayyubid rule and turning these areas into centers of knowledge. The execution of al-Suhrawardi vividly illustrates the complexity of Saladin's relations with scholars and the political sensitivities of the time. Al-Suhrawardi's innovative philosophical ideas and political relationships particularly concerned the influential Shafi'i-Ash'ari scholars in Aleppo, leading to his perception as a threat by religious and political structures and initiating the process of his execution. This situation sheds light on the internal political dynamics during Saladin's rule and the religious dynamics of the time. Saladin's reign was heavily intertwined with the Crusades and sectarian conflicts in the Islamic world. While contending with the Crusaders and striving for unity in the Islamic world, Saladin supported the widespread Islamic schools of thought such as Shafi'i, Hanafi, and Maliki, but adopted a stricter stance against the Isma'ili and Hanbali sects and scholars due to the influence of Ayyubids-era scholars. This policy significantly impacted Saladin's relations with Islamic states. The execution of al-Suhrawardi holds historical significance as it highlights the contradictions in Saladin's relations with scholars and the political sensitivities of the time. This event reveals the complexity of the relationship between Al-Suhrawardi, the son of Saladin and the ruler of Aleppo, al-Malik al-Zahir, and the political sensitivity of the period. Al-Malik al-Zahir demonstrated his loyalty to his mentor al-Suhrawardi by punishing those who encouraged him to issue the order for his death, thus exposing Saladin's conflicting nature with the scholars and the political sensitivities of the time. This situation is an example representing the complexity of the political and religious structure of the Ayyubids State and the challenging balances of the period.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Islamic History, Ayyubids, Saladin, al-Malik al-Zahir, Suhrawardi
Kaynak
Eskiyeni
WoS Q Değeri
N/A
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
53
