Pseudo-embryogenic Structures in Anther and Isolated Microspore Cultures in vitro: a Cautionary Guide
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2012
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Czech Academy Agricultural Sciences
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
This review describes sources of structures of non-microspore origin observed in anther and microspore cultures. Various characteristics of these structures may cause a wrong diagnosis of these structures as embryos or cell/tissue clusters of microspore origin. Here we suggest such structures to be named as pseudo-embryogenic structures. The introduction of pseudo-embryogenic structures and their origins could be helpful to distinguish them from true microspore-derived structures. Prompted by certain environmental cues, somatic cells existing as a contamination in immature pollen (microspores) cultures can lead to the formation of 'pseudo-embryos' commonly known as embryoids. The pseudo-embryogenic structures may be classified in the following groups: (i) pseudo-star-like structures; pseudo-multicellular structures; (ii) pseudo-embryos with pseudo-suspensors; (iii) contaminating bacteria appearing as callus colonies; (iv) calli and embryos of somatic origin; (v) giant tetrad-like structures; (vi) anther wall cells. The exact origin of these structures is discussed in this paper, and some recommendations are proposed in order to avoid misinterpretation.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
anther culture, microspore embryogenesis, pseudo-embryogenic structures, Triticum-Aestivum L., Isolated Pollen Grains, Somatic Embryogenesis, Plant-Regeneration, Induction, Media
Kaynak
Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
WoS Q Değeri
Q4
Scopus Q Değeri
Q3
Cilt
48
Sayı
2