Pseudo-embryogenic Structures in Anther and Isolated Microspore Cultures in vitro: a Cautionary Guide

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Tarih

2012

Dergi Başlığı

Dergi ISSN

Cilt Başlığı

Yayıncı

Czech Academy Agricultural Sciences

Erişim Hakkı

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Özet

This review describes sources of structures of non-microspore origin observed in anther and microspore cultures. Various characteristics of these structures may cause a wrong diagnosis of these structures as embryos or cell/tissue clusters of microspore origin. Here we suggest such structures to be named as pseudo-embryogenic structures. The introduction of pseudo-embryogenic structures and their origins could be helpful to distinguish them from true microspore-derived structures. Prompted by certain environmental cues, somatic cells existing as a contamination in immature pollen (microspores) cultures can lead to the formation of 'pseudo-embryos' commonly known as embryoids. The pseudo-embryogenic structures may be classified in the following groups: (i) pseudo-star-like structures; pseudo-multicellular structures; (ii) pseudo-embryos with pseudo-suspensors; (iii) contaminating bacteria appearing as callus colonies; (iv) calli and embryos of somatic origin; (v) giant tetrad-like structures; (vi) anther wall cells. The exact origin of these structures is discussed in this paper, and some recommendations are proposed in order to avoid misinterpretation.

Açıklama

Anahtar Kelimeler

anther culture, microspore embryogenesis, pseudo-embryogenic structures, Triticum-Aestivum L., Isolated Pollen Grains, Somatic Embryogenesis, Plant-Regeneration, Induction, Media

Kaynak

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding

WoS Q Değeri

Q4

Scopus Q Değeri

Q3

Cilt

48

Sayı

2

Künye