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Öğe Biogas liquid digestate application: influence on soil microbial biomass and CO2 respiration(Springer, 2024) Atav, Volkan; Yuksel, Orhan; Namli, Ayten; Gurbuz, Mehmet AliThe rapid increase in biogas energy production has led to the accumulation of a significant byproduct, liquid digestate (LD). This study evaluated the effects of various LD dosages on soil CO2 respiration and microbial biomass through field trials over 1 year and 2 consecutive years. LD was applied to a maize cultivation area at dosages of 10, 30, 50, and 70 t ha(-1). The results showed that LD created rapidly diminishing transient effects on soil microbial activity; in long-term applications, microbial stress became apparent at dosages of 30, 50, and 70 t ha(-1). Notably, the increase in CO2 respiration diminished after about 60 days in the 1-year application, while the increase in microbial biomass was sustained for only 30 days. In the 2-year application, the effect on CO2 respiration disappeared after 30 days, with no significant change in microbial biomass. Initial applications of LD stimulated microbial activity, but high dosages in prolonged applications tended to increase stress factors on microbial communities. These findings indicate that the initial effects of LD on microbial communities can diminish quickly, and soil microorganisms may adapt over time. Additionally, high EC and ammonium concentration in LD may have negatively affected soil microbial communities.Öğe Determination of suitable lands for rice cultivation in Edirne plain: GIS supported FAO limitation method(Springer Heidelberg, 2022) Özşahin, Emre; Sarı, Hüseyin; Özdeş, Mehmet; Eroğlu, Ilker; Yuksel, OrhanConcerns about the future of agricultural production and food security in recent years have increased the importance of agricultural land evaluation assessment studies for different agricultural products. Performing studies using geographical information systems (GIS) techniques provides faster and more reliable results than traditional techniques. Given that, regional studies for land suitability assessment to improve product quality have gained momentum. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the land suitability for paddy cultivation in Edirne Plain, where most rice farming cultivation occur in Turkey. To achieve this, we used GIS-supported Food and Agriculture Organization limitation method. The study model is established based on 5 m high-resolution spatial data and the analysis of land quality indexes that affect paddy cultivation, such as Nutrient Elements Availability Index, Soil Quality Index, Climate Quality Index, Irrigation Quality Index, Socio-economic Quality Index and (Agricultural Mechanization Quality Index). The results indicated that 25.41% of Edirne Plain is highly suitable, 53.85% is moderately suitable, 15.93% marginally suitable, and 4.81% unsuitable for paddy cultivation. It was determined that the current paddy cultivation area is far below its potential. Although 79.26% of the study area is suitable for rice cultivation, only 16.90% of the area is currently used as paddy farming which means 62.36% of potential rice cultivation area is not used as its potential. The findings of the present study are essential particularly for local administrators and policy makers to use the available land resources effectively for sustainable agricultural production. The present study points to an important direction for future research and contributes to regional managers and policymakers to better understand rice cultivation and planning accordingly in the region.Öğe EFFECT OF SOIL CONDITIONERS APPLIED TO SEED ON GRAIN YIELD AND YIELD CHARACTERISTICS IN WHEAT(Soc Field Crop Sci, 2024) Yuksel, Orhan; Balkan, Alpay; Gocmen, Damla Balaban; Bilgin, Oguz; Baser, IsmetThis study, researching the effect of seed treatment with liquid soil conditioners on yield properties of bread wheat varieties, was carried out during 2017 and 2018 years in the experimental field of Tekirdag Namik Kemal University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops. The experiments were conducted with 3 bread wheat varieties and 4 soil amendments (control + 3 different liquid soil amendments) in 3 repetitions. In the experiment, 4 different treatments including 3 different soil regulators and 1 control (T1: Control; T2: 13-58+glycine betaine; T3: 15% organic matter, 15% humic and fulvic acid+0.03% potassium and T4: 25% organic matter + 65% humic acid + 6% potassium (T4) were made. Seeds treated with a spray and then dried were sown as split plot experimental design. In the study, the variations in the plant height (PH), spike length (SL), number of spikelets per spike (NSS), number of grains per spike (NGS), grain weight per spike (GWS), spike fertility index (SFI), harvest index (HI) and grain yield (GY) parameters were investigated for the bread wheat varieties. According to the research results, all soil conditioners applied to seeds were determined to affect the investigated characters at a statistically significant level. For the PH parameter, T3 treatment caused a significant increase, while for the SFI parameter, T2 treatment caused a significant increase. For the HI parameter, treatments T2 and T3 had the highest effect. Spike characteristics like SL, NSS and NGS increased compared to controls with all soil conditioner treatments, while parameters like GWS and SFI differed according to variety. Grain yield, the most important parameter for wheat, provided the highest results in different soil conditioner treatments depending on the varieties. T4 treatment caused clear increases in the SL, NSS, NGS, GWS and GY parameters. According to the data obtained was evaluated, soil conditioner applications caused a significant increase in the parameters examined in wheat. T4, which contains 25% organic matter + 65% humic acid + 6% potassium, was determined as the most effective soil conditioner for many parameters.Öğe Fertility Status of Agricultural Soils in İ stanbul Province(Univ Namik Kemal, 2024) Kayali, Emel; Yuksel, OrhanAs a region of geopolitical significance and industrialization, & Idot;stanbul province has a traditional production system in which intensive agricultural production is carried out, especially in Silivri and & Ccedil;atalca districts, where sunflower and wheat agriculture is carried out in alternation under irrigated conditions due to sufficient rainfall. These agricultural areas, which are also under intense urbanization pressure, need to be protected in order to be used sustainably. For this purpose, it is a priority to determine the current productivity status of agricultural areas. There is no study in the literature that reveals the current agricultural productivity status of & Idot;stanbul province. In this study, some physical and chemical soil properties of the agricultural areas where the same agricultural production system has been practiced for many years were determined in terms of sustainable agriculture. In order to determine these soil properties, surface soil sampling (0-20 cm) was carried out according to the grid system at 2.5 x 2.5 km intervals covering all agricultural areas and a total of 196 soil samples were taken and the field study was completed. All soil samples were analyzed for texture, pH, EC, organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium and the current fertility status of the agricultural areas in the province of & Idot;stanbul was determined. According to the results of the research, the agricultural soils of & Idot;stanbul province are generally medium-heavy and heavy textured, medium alkaline and neutral pH, without salinity problems, 50% of them have very low CaCO3 content and the rest are calcareous soils with varying levels of CaCO3. It was determined that the high CaCO3 content in 11% of the soils was due to the rendzina great soil group formed on marl parent material. In terms of organic matter, 59% were classified as low, 26% as moderate, 50% as high and very high in terms of available phosphorus, and 79% as high and very high in terms of extractable potassium. After the classification of all analyzed parameters, the distribution maps of a parameter were created by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). IDW, which is an inverse distance weighting method widely used in soil science, was used to create the distribution maps.Öğe Heavy Metal Accumulation in Soil and Plants Using Municipal Solid Waste Compost in Variable pH Conditions(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2024) Atav, Volkan; Yuksel, OrhanMunicipal solid waste composts (MSWC) are extensively utilized as organic soil conditioners and fertilizers in agricultural fields across many countries. However, the use of MSWC can lead to heavy metal pollution in soil and plants, which may adversely affect plant growth. This study examined the impact of MSWC on the heavy metal content in plants and soil across various pH levels. The experiment was conducted in a pot setting with three replications. The research findings indicated that MSWC application increased the levels of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in soils but had no significant effect on lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) levels. Additionally, increases were observed in the Cu, Zn, and Fe content in plants, while Pb and Ni content remained unchanged. Cu, Zn, and Fe are essential for plant growth, and their enhancement in both soil and plants is a direct result of their relatively high presence in the MSWC used. The soil-plant transfer coefficients show that the transfer of heavy metals from soil to plants is highest under acidic conditions, indicating that the heavy metal content in MSWC can vary depending on soil pH and application rate. Therefore, it is crucial to carefully analyze and evaluate the heavy metal contents of soil and compost samples before employing MSWC in agricultural fields.
