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    Decreased serum allopregnanolone and progesterone levels in male patients with bipolar disorder and their effects on cognitive functions
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2024) Karademir, Mihrali; Beyazyuz, Elmas; Beyazyuz, Murat; Yilmaz, Ahsen; Albayrak, Yakup
    The progression of bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by recurrent episodes of depression, mania, and hypomania, thus affecting the daily functionality of individuals. Previous studies have shown that a large proportion of patients diagnosed with BD who are in clinical remission experience significant functional disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between cognitive impairment and serum progesterone, allopregnanolone and BDNF levels in male bipolar disorder patients who are in the euthymic period. Our study included 41 euthymic male patients with bipolar disorder and 40 age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and smoking-matched male healthy control subjects. Neuropsychiatric tests such as the Stroop Test TBAG Form, Auditory Verbal Digit Span Test- Form B (VADS-B) and Cancellation Test were administered to all participants, and 5-7 ml of peripheral venous blood sample was taken from all participants. Serum allopregnanolone, progesterone and BDNF levels were also measured in all participants. Serum allopregnanolone and progesterone levels were found to be lower in bipolar patients, and it was observed that the serum level of allopregnanolone decreased as the disease duration increased. The serum BDNF levels were similar between groups. The cognitive functions assessed using the Stroop, VADS-B and cancellation tests were found to be better in healthy subjects. The neurocognitive test performances of all participants were strongly positively correlated with allopregnanolone levels. The present study supports the hypothesis that allopregnanolone acts as an endogenous mood stabilizer.
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    Prenatal immobility stress: Relationship with oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and intrauterine growth restriction in rats
    (Wiley, 2023) Kaya, Sinem Albayrak; Okuyan, Hamza Malik; Erboga, Zeynep Fidanol; Guzel, Savas; Yilmaz, Ahsen; Karaboga, Ihsan
    BackgroundPrenatal stress is a significant risk factor affecting pregnant women and fetal health. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of immobility stress at different periods of pregnancy on oxidative stress, inflammation, placental apoptosis and intrauterine growth retardation in rats.MethodsFifty adult virgin female Wistar albino rats were used. Pregnant rats were exposed to 6 h/day immobilization stress in a wire cage at different stages of pregnancy. Groups I and II (Day 1-10 stress group) were sacrificed on the 10th day of pregnancy, and Group III, Group IV (10-19th-day stress group), and Group V (1-19th-day stress group) were sacrificed on the 19th day of pregnancy. Inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), serum corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and corticosterone levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels in the placenta were spectrophotometrically measured. Histopathological analyses of the placenta were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) and caspase-3 immunoreactivity in placenta tissues were determined by the indirect immunohistochemical method. Placental apoptosis was determined by the TUNEL staining method.ResultsWe found that the immobility stress during pregnancy significantly increased serum corticosterone levels. Our results showed that the immobility stress diminished the number and weight of fetuses in rats compared to the non-stress group. The immobility stress caused significant histopathological changes in the connection zone and labyrinth zone and increased placental TNF-a and caspase-3 immunoreactivity and placental apoptosis. In addition, immobility stress significantly increased the levels of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and MDA and caused a significant decrease in the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, and anti-inflammatory IL-10.ConclusionsOur data suggest that immobility stress causes intrauterine growth retardation by activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and deteriorating placental histomorphology and deregulating inflammatory and oxidative processes.
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    Serum chromogranin A levels are associated with the SYNTAX score in coronary artery disease
    (Assoc Medica Brasileira, 2023) Celikkol, Aliye; Demirkiran, Aykut; Aydin, Cihan; Akyuz, Aydin; Kaplangoray, Mustafa; Yilmaz, Ahsen; Efe, Muhammed Mucip
    OBJECTIVE: In this article, we investigated the association of chromogranin A with coronary artery disease.METHODS: Biochemical parameters and chromogranin A levels obtained from peripheral blood samples during coronary angiography were analyzed in 90 patients. Patients were classified into two groups, namely, SYNergy between PCI with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery score >= 1 (n=45) and SYNergy between PCI with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery score=0 (n=45). This is a cross-sectional, prospective study. RESULTS: Serum chromogranin A levels were significantly higher in the group with SYNergy between PCI with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery score >= 1 compared to the group with SYNergy between PCI with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery score=0 (1381.5 +/- 418.9 ng/mL and 1121.2 +/- 290.7 ng/mL, respectively; p=0.002). Serum chromogranin A levels were correlated with SYNergy between PCI with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery score (r=0.556, p<0.04). ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve for serum chromogranin A levels was 0.687 (p=0.007), and the best cutoff value of 1,131 ng/mL had a sensitivity of 67% and a specificity of 65% for the prediction of coronary artery disease.CONCLUSION: Serum chromogranin A levels were increased in coronary artery disease patients with SYNergy between PCI with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery score >= 1. Increasing serum chromogranin A levels are proportional to the SYNergy between PCI with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery score.KEYWORDS: Chromogranin A. Coronary artery disease. Hypertension.
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    Serum Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Levels in Resistant Hypertension
    (Aves, 2024) Bayrakci, Nergiz; Ozkan, Gulsum; Kara, Sonat Pinar; Yilmaz, Ahsen; Celikkol, Aliye
    Background: Although the precise pathogenetic mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated, hypertension is characterized by endothelial damage and inflammation. The soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is an inflammatory biomarker that increases in parallel with disease activity in conditions such as systemic inflammation, infection, cancer, and atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to assess inflammation by means of serum suPAR levels in hypertensive patients and those with resistant hypertension. Methods: Eighty-six adults, 29 newly diagnosed hypertensive patients (HT group) and 23 resistant hypertensive patients (RHT group) and 34 healthy controls, were included in this cross-sectional, observational study. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring results were included in the analysis. Serum suPAR levels were measured using Enzyme -Linked ImmonuSorbent Assay (ELISA). Patients were divided into 2 groups as high suPAR and low suPAR. Results: The serum suPAR level was lower in the control group than that of the HT and RHT groups (P = .001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure values were positively correlated with the serum suPAR level (r = 0.254, P = .018; r = 0.239, P = .027, respectively). Being in the high-suPAR group was found to increase the risk of RHT by 19.5 times. Other risk factors for RHT were found to be lower urinary sodium excretion and higher urinary albumin excretion [odds ratio (OR) = 0.98; OR = 1.09, respectively]. Conclusion: In our study, suPAR levels were found associated with RHT. To our best knowledge, this study is the first to evaluate the relationship between serum suPAR levels and RHT.
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    The Role of Interleukin-20 in Paclitaxel-Associated Peripheral Neuropathy in Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
    (Galenos Publ House, 2023) Karaboyun, Kubilay; Cavdar, Eyyup; Iriagac, Yakup; Yilmaz, Ahsen; Celikkol, Aliye; Avci, Okan; Seber, Erdogan Selcuk
    Introduction: This study investigated the relationship between serum interleukin-20 (IL-20) levels and paclitaxel-associated neuropathy in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer. Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is a significant side effect of paclitaxel chemotherapy, and the exact mechanism underlying PIPN is not fully understood. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted with non-metastatic breast cancer patients between January 2022 and November 2022. Neuropathy symptoms were evaluated using the QLQ-CIPN20 questionnaire, and serum IL-20 levels were measured at three time points: before chemotherapy, on the 7(th) day after the first paclitaxel treatment, and after the last treatment. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors predicting PIPN. Results: This study was completed with 59 female patients. During the study, 47 patients (79.6%) reported any degree of neuropathy, whereas 12 patients (20.4%) had no neuropathy. Univariate analysis to predict neuropathy measured on day 7 after first paclitaxel administration demonstrated that age, body mass index, 7(th)-day serum IL-20 level, and last cycle serum IL-20 level were predictive for PIPN. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the relationship between serum IL-20 levels and paclitaxel-related neuropathy in breast cancer patients. Further research targeting the function of IL-20 is needed to investigate potential strategies to prevent and treat PIPN.