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Öğe A case of secondary abdominal ectopic pregnancy in a bitch(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Yenilmez, Kudret; Doğan, HalefCases of ectopic pregnancy (EP) and associated fetal mumification in bitches have been rarely reported. In this case report, it was aimed to present a case of secondary abdominal EP diagnosed in a 3-year-old bitch. Abdominal EP was incidentally diagnosed by radiographic examination of the bitch, which had a traffic accident, for likely possible fractures in the body. This case, which can be classified as secondary abdominal EP, was found to be compatible with the literature. The ectopic fetuses were removed from the body by surgical method, and the bitch was fully recovered. © 2021 British Veterinary AssociationÖğe Effects of asprosin levels and selected biochemical parameters on conception in repeat breeder cows(Polish Soc Veterinary Sciences Editorial Office, 2024) Yenilmez, Kudret; Arslan, Sezai; Dogan, Hasan; Vicil, SinanThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of asprosin levels and various biochemical parameters (NEFA, BHBA, glucose, albumin, globulin, total protein, ALT, AST, and total bilirubin) on conception in repeat breeder (RB) cows. The study included sixty RB cows that had been inseminated at least three times, but had not been pregnant and had no gynecological abnormalities, as assessed by ultrasonography. From the sixty cows, two groups were selected at random: pregnant (Group I, n = 10) and non -pregnant (Group II, n = 10) animals. After estrus detection, a 10 mL blood sample was collected from each animal's tail vein. All animals were inseminated 12 hours after the start of estrus. The blood samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes, and the serum was extracted and stored at -80 degrees C until analysis. On the 45 th day after insemination, ultrasonography was used to examine the pregnancy. Asprosin levels were measured using ELISA, and biochemical tests (NEFA, BHBA, glucose, albumin, globulin, total protein, ALT, AST, total bilirubin) were performed with an autoanalyzer. Non -pregnant RB cows had considerably lower levels of asprosin (p < 0.05) than pregnant RB cows. When other biochemical parameters (BHBA, NEFA, glucose, albumin, ALT, AST, total bilirubin, total protein and globulin) were compared, there was no significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). Thus, significantly elevated levels of asprosin in pregnant RB cows suggested that asprosin could play a role in RB cow conception. In addition, there was a positive correlation between asprosin levels and AST, total protein, and globulin levels in pregnant RB cows.Öğe Environmental factors influencing milk yield and lactation length in Italian Mediterranean buffaloes in Turkiye(Hellenic Veterinary Medical Soc, 2022) Yenilmez, Kudret; Doğan, Halef; Özbaşer, Fatma TülinThis preliminary study was conducted to investigate the impact of the fixed effects of calving season, parity, calving age and service period, on the annual average milk yield and lactation length of the Italian Mediterra-nean Buffaloes that were milked by rotary milking parlor. For this purpose the data of 347 buffaloes of a dairy farm (with milking parlor) was used. Their annual average milk yield and lactation length were found to be 1587.55 +/- 33.82 L and 247.66 +/- 4.39 days. It was observed that the prolonged service period had a positive effect on the total milk yield and lactation length. The calving season did not affect the milk yield, but the lactation length was longer in the buffa-loes calving in winter months. The service period had a direct effect on the economic profitability, and it was observed that the service period of buffaloes calving in winter was shorter. It was also determined that milk productivity was positively affected due to the increase of calving age and parity, but there were wide variations in the herd. In conclu-sion, calving age, parity, and service period had a positive effect on the annual average milk yield and lactation length, but, on the other hand, calving season did not affect the annual average milk yield. Further studies on breeding and herd management are required to minimize variations in buffalo herds milked by rotary milking system.Öğe Factors influencing ovum pick-up technique results in cattle(The Chamber of Veterinary Surgeons, Istanbul, 2024) Dogan, Hasan; Yenilmez, KudretThe Ovum Pick-Up (OPU) technique, which is used in in vitro embryo production (IVP) to retrieve immature oocytes from live donor animals, is one of the most important biotechnological procedures used in cattle breeding. The most important advantage of this technology is that it allows for the reproducible retrieval of immature oocytes from living donor animals. It is particularly useful in dairy cattle breeding to address infertility issues and boost the production of superior animals with high genetic value. The OPU technique offers several advantages, including its applicability to cows ranging from six-month-old calves to the first three months of pregnancy, its effectiveness in animals with genital tract infection or acyclic cattle, and its ability to yield a higher number of embryos within the same period compared to the Multiple Ovulation and Embryo Transfer (MOET) technique. Understanding and improving the technical and biological factors influencing the OPU procedure is necessary to increase and optimize donor animal use in IVP and the number of quality oocytes obtained. This review aims to examine the specifics of the OPU approach and the factors influencing its performance in light of contemporary literature, as well as to propose fresh ideas to researchers.Öğe Investigation of some hormones and some biochemical parameters that may be effective in the etiology of Repeat Breeder cows(Sivar-Soc Italiana Veterinari Animali Reddito, 2024) Yenilmez, Kudret; Dogan, Halef; Arslan, Sezai; Gokce, ElifThe aim of this study was to determine the role of anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), progesterone, insulin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiyodotironin(T3), tiroksin(T4), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta hydroxy butyrate (BHBA) and glucose concentrations in the etiology of Repeat Breeder (RB) cows. In the study, 60 RB Holstein cows, all housed on the same farm and receiving identical care, feeding, and reproductive management, were inseminated at least three times but did not achieve pregnancy and were confirmed to have no gynecological problems through ultrasonographic examination. Were categorized into three groups based on parity: Group I (1-2 lactation), Group II (3-4 lactation), and Group III (5-6 lactation). During estrus, 10 ml blood samples were collected from all the animals in the study. Blood samples collected on the day of estrus were used to assess serum levels of AMH, insulin, BHBA, NEFA, glucose, T3, T4, and TSH. Additional blood samples were taken on days 9 and 17 post-mating for serum progesterone (P4) analysis. The serum samples were separated and stored at -80 degrees C until analysis. T3, T4, TSH, AMH and insulin levels were measured using an ELISA device, and serum progesterone, NEFA, BHBA and glucose determination were measured using an autoanalyzer. When comparing the results of hormone measurements across lactation groups, it was observed that T3 levels were highest in Group II and lowest in Group III. As for AMH, T4, TSH, insulin, and progesterone hormones, no statistically significant differences were found among the groups. Group I exhibited significantly lower NEFA levels compared to the other two groups, while Group I also had significantly higher glucose levels than the other two groups. In Group II, a statistically significant negative correlation of 69.7% was observed between T4 and AMH. In conclusion, this study determined that T3 hormone, NEFA and glucose levels may play a role in the etiology of RB cows, while AMH and other parameters do not seem to be effective.Öğe Investigation of the Effect of Different Hormone Applications on Pregnancy Rates in Repeat Breeder Cows(Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, 2024) Yenilmez, KudretThe current study aimed to investigate the effects of GnRH during insemination and progesterone administration on conception on the fourth- and fifth days following insemination in Repeat Breeder (RB) cows. The study included 40 Holstein breed RB cows housed under identical care and feeding circumstances. The animals were divided into four groups: group I (GnRH administered immediately after insemination), group II (GnRH administered immediately after insemination + progesterone administered on days 4 and 5 after insemination), group III (progesterone administered on days 4 and 5 after insemination), and group IV (control). All animals in the study had their ovulation checked at the 24th and 36th hours after insemination, and the pregnancy was examined by USG on the 45th day. The initial estrus of non-pregnant animals and their days were established. The ovulation rates at the 24th hour was 70% in group I, 90% in group II, 50% in group III, and 50% in group IV, whereas in the 36th hour they were 30% in group I, 10% in group II, 50% in group III, and 50% in group IV, respectively. The pregnancy rates were 70% in group I, 80% in group II, 60% in group III, and 30% in group IV. The untreated control group had lower pregnancy rates (p < 0.05) compared to the treatment groups. As a result, higher pregnancy rates were seen in the treatment groups compared to the control group, indicating that three distinct treatments can be used to increase pregnancy rates in RB cows.Öğe Leishmania infantum'lu Köpeklerde Bazı Minerallerin Serum Düzeyleri(2021) Arslan, Sezai; Yenilmez, Kudret; Öncel, TaranehBu çalışmanın amacı Leishmania infantum (L. infantum)’lu köpeklerin kan serumunda magnezyum (Mg), mangan (Mn), bakır (Cu), çinko (Zn), selenyum (Se) ve molibden (Mo) düzeylerini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmanın materyalini 14 L. infantum’lu ve 10 sağlıklı köpek oluşturdu. Anti L. infantum antikorlarının tespiti ELISA testiyle yapıldı. Serum mineral düzeylerine İndüktif Eşleşmiş Plazma Optik Emisyon Spektrometre (ICP-OES) cihazıyla bakıldı. Sağlıklı köpeklere göre layşmanyozisli köpeklerde serum Zn, Se ve Mo düzeylerinde azalma Cu düzeylerinde ise artma tespit edilmesine rağmen sadece Zn seviyesinde istatistiksel bir önem tespit edildi (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak layşmanyozisli köpeklerde serum Zn düzeyinde bir azalma olduğu ortaya konuldu.Öğe Leishmania infantum’lu Köpeklerde Bazı Minerallerin SerumDüzeyleri(2021) Arslan, Sezai; Öncel, Taraneh; Yenilmez, KudretBu çalışmanın amacı Leishmania infantum (L. infantum)’lu köpeklerin kan serumunda magnezyum (Mg), mangan (Mn), bakır (Cu), çinko (Zn), selenyum (Se) ve molibden (Mo) düzeylerini ortayakoymaktır. Çalışmanın materyalini 14 L. infantum’lu ve 10 sağlıklı köpek oluşturdu. Anti L. infantum antikorlarının tespiti ELISA testiyle yapıldı. Serum mineral düzeylerine İndüktif Eşleşmiş Plazma Optik Emisyon Spektrometre (ICP-OES) cihazıyla bakıldı. Sağlıklı köpeklere göre layşmanyozisliköpeklerde serum Zn, Se ve Mo düzeylerinde azalma Cu düzeylerinde ise artma tespit edilmesinerağmen sadece Zn seviyesinde istatistiksel bir önem tespit edildi (P<0.05). Sonuç olaraklayşmanyozisli köpeklerde serum Zn düzeyinde bir azalma olduğu ortaya konuldu.Öğe Praca oryginalna Original paper Effect of ECG applied to dairy cows in the postpartum period on ovarian activity and reproductive performance(Polskie Towarzystwo Nauk Weterynaryjnych, 2020) Yenilmez, Kudret; Özdemir, NurullahThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of equine chorionic gonadotropin (ECG) applied in postpartum (pp) period on ovarian follicle development, serum estradiol concentration, serum progesterone concentration, the calving-to-first oestrus (calving-to-first insemination) interval, and conception at first inseminatipn. The material of this study consisted of 20 cows on day 14 pp. Cows included in this study were randomly divided into two groups. Cows in the first group, were treated with ECG (500IU Folligon; Intervet, Holland) for 14 days. No treatment was applied to the second group, and it was left as a control group, Ovarian follicle diameters were measured by ultrasonographic examination on days 14,16,18,20 and 22 pp in all animals included lit the study. Serum estradiol and progesterone were from blood samples taken on the same days. All animals included in the study were followed up until the first observable oestrus was detected, and they were inseminated 12 hours after the appearance of oestrus symptoms. A pregnancy examination was performed on the 45th day after insemination. In cows administered with ECG during postpartum period, an increase in ovarian follicle diameters compared to untreated cows and a decrease in the calving-to-first oestrus interval were determined. In contrast, serum estradiol and progesterone hormone levels did not differ between the two groups. Pregnancy rate in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, but there was no statistical difference between them. As a result, it was concluded that ECG applied to dairy cows on day 14 pp did not affect serum estradiol and progesterone levels, but it affected the ovarian follicle diameter and the calvlng-to-first oestrus interval positively. © 2020 Polskie Towarzystwo Nauk Weterynaryjnych. All rights reserved.Öğe Relationship between blood calcium level and post-milking teat canal closure in dairy cows(Springer, 2023) Doğan, Halef; Yenilmez, KudretThe teat canal-one of the primary defense mechanisms of the udder-ensures the milk flow during milking in bovines and prevents pathogens from entering the udder by forming a barrier through the elastic muscle and keratin layers tightly closing the surrounding area. The current study investigated the effects of blood calcium status on teat closure in cows after milking. The study covered 200 healthy teats, of which 100 were from normocalcemic (NC) cows and 100 were from subclinical hypocalcemic (SCH) cows. Teat canal length (TCL) and width (TCW) were measured with ultrasonography at 0-min pre-milking and 15- and 30-min post-milking. Cylindrically shaped teat canal volume (TCV) was calculated by deriving from TCL and TCW. Time-dependent changes in teat canal closure and their relationships with blood calcium levels were analyzed. The results showed that the calcium level did not affect TCL, TCW, and TCV (P > 0.05) during the 15-min post-milking period. However, TCL (P < 0.001), TCW (P < 0.05), and TCV (P < 0.001) were lower in NC cows than in SCH cows at 30-min post-milking. At 15-min post-milking, no correlation existed between the teat canal closure (Delta TCL, Delta TCW, and Delta TCV) and the blood calcium level, while significant correlations were available between the teat canal closure and the blood calcium level {Delta TCL (r: - 0.288, P < 0.001), Delta TCW (r: - 0.260, P < 0.001), Delta TCV (r: - 0.150, P < 0.05)} at 30-min post-milking. The current study concluded that the blood calcium status significantly impacts the teat canal closure in bovines, and calcium status should be meticulously monitored with the mastitis control program to apply necessary strategic steps.Öğe The Effect of Aglepriston on Some Hematological and Biochemical Parameters Used in Termination of Unwanted Pregnancies in Cats(Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, 2019) Yenilmez, KudretIn this study the effect of aglepristone in order to create abortion was investigated on some haematological and biochemical parameters on 22-30 days of pregnant cats. Twenty cats that their pregnancy is determined by ultrasonography were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (n:15) was formed by giving aglepristone at a dose of 15 mg/kg subcutaneously twice every 24 hours in the first group and the control group (n: 5) was formed by giving the same dose of 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) at the same time to the second group. All of the animals in both groups were examined as clinical every day. A complete blood count (CBC) on blood count device and biochemistry parameters Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), bilirubin, glucose on a Reflotron device were made every 2 days during 15 days. In our study it was observed that 14 of the 15 animals (94.4%) in the experimental group were aborted and 1 of them gave birth healthy at the end of the normal gestational period. In the biochemical analyzes although there were some statistical differences between the experimental and control groups it was observed that all values remained within the range of normal reference values. Consequently it was concluded that aglepristone can be used successfully for terminated of unwanted pregnancies on 22 - 30 days of pregnant cats and do not have negative effects on hematological and biochemical parameters.Öğe The effect of twinship on mineral matter, immunoglobulin G and lamb birth weight in late pregnant ewes and their newborn lambs(2021) Atalay, Hasan; Yenilmez, Kudret; Arslan, Sezai; Kılıç, ServetThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of twinship on the mineral matter, immunoglobulin G (IgG), andlamb birth weight in late pregnant ewes and their lambs. The material of the study consisted of the 18 Kıvırcık breedewes, which were 130-150 days pregnant, and their 27 newborn lambs. The ewes included in the study weredivided into two groups by ultrasound as those carrying a single pregnancy (n=9) and a twin pregnancy (n=9). BodyCondition Scores (BCS) were determined and then their blood samples were taken. The lambs born from these eweswere weighed with precision scales as soon as they were born, and blood samples were taken 24 hours after birth.Mineral substance determination from blood samples was made by ICP-OES, and IgG determination was made byELISA. It was found that serum IgG and mineral matter levels were not affected by twinship in ewes (p>0.05).Calcium (Ca) level was significantly higher in twin lambs compared to single lambs (p<0.05). There was nostatistical difference between single and twin lambs in terms of other minerals and IgG concentrations (P>0.05).Total protein and globulin values were significantly higher in single lambs than twin lambs (P <0.05). It wasdetermined that single-born lambs were significantly heavier than twins (P<0.05), and while male lambs wereheavier than females, the difference between them was not statistically significant (P>0.05). As a result, it wasdetermined that twinship and BCS did not affect the mineral substance, total protein, albumin, globulin and IgGlevels in late pregnant ewes, while twinship in lambs affected lamb birth weight, total protein, globulin and Cavalues, but not other mineral and IgG levels. Significantly low total protein and globulin concentrations in twinlambs suggest that these animals cannot absorb enough colostrum.Öğe The effect of twinship on selected hematological and biochemical parameters in late pregnant ewes(Polskie Towarzystwo Nauk Weterynaryjnych, 2021) Yenilmez, Kudret; Arslan, Sezai; Kılıç, Servet; Atalay, HasanThis study aimed to determine the effect of twinship on the hematological and biochemical parameters in ewes of the Kıvırcık breed commonly raised in the Thrace region of Turkey. The study material consisted of 30 Kıvırcık ewes at days 130-150 of gestation, aged 3-5 years, weighing 55.61 ± 0.76 kg. After ultrasound examination, the ewes included in the study were divided into a single-pregnant group (n = 15) and a twin-pregnant group (n = 15), and their blood samples were taken. The levels of red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB) white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes (LYM), monocytes (MON), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), ?-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), glucose, cholesterol, total protein, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were determined in their blood samples. It was found that, although twinship did not affect hemogram values in ewes (p > 0.05), the biochemical parameters, BHBA, ALT, and AST values, were significantly affected by twinship (p < 0.05). A high positive correlation was found between BHBA and NEFA. Thus it was concluded that twin pregnancy did not cause any significant changes in hematological parameters in Kıvırcık ewes. However, the significantly higher BHBA in twin-pregnant ewes and the high positive correlation between BHBA and NEFA indicate that the negative energy balance started to affect these animals, and a carbohydrate deficiency emerged. Therefore, twin-pregnant ewes should be monitored closely to reduce the risk of ketosis. © 2021 Polskie Towarzystwo Nauk Weterynaryjnych. All rights reserved.Öğe The effect of vitamin E administration to dairy cows in the prepartum period on some metabolic, oxidative, and reproductive parameters(Massimo Morgante, 2022) Yenilmez, Kudret; Atalay, Hasan; Cellat, Mustafa; Etyemez, Muhammed; Atmaca, Gizem; Gürsel, Feraye EsenThe purpose of this study was to investigate how vitamin E affected oxidative stress, metabolic biomarkers, and reproductive parameters in cows during late gestation. The study used forty healthy, multiparous cows in late gestation. The animals were di-vided into two groups, control (n.20) and experimental (n:20) group, ten (±5) days before birth. On the same day, 10 ml of blood sample was drawn from each animal’s tail vein, and the cows in the experimental group received 3000 mg of vitamin E (DL-al-pha-tocopherol acetate) intramuscularly, whereas the cows in the control group received 20 ml of 0.9% NaCl. On calving day and on the 15th day after the calving, blood samples were taken again. The serums of the blood samples taken were separated and stored at-80 C until the analysis. Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione (GSH), Glucose (GLU), Triglyceride (TG), Cortisol (COR), Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (GOT), Gamma Glutamyl Trans-ferase (GGT) and Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (GPT) in the samples were measured. Calving-first estrus, calving-first in-semination, calving-conception, and artificial insemination per pregnancy were recorded to determine the reproductive performance of the cows involved in the study. Vitamin E administration to cows during the peripartum period was found to boost GSH and GSH-Px levels at birth while decreasing GPT levels (p<0.05). Furthermore, the period of calving-first estrus, calving-first insemination, and calving-conception was shortened compared to the control group, however this was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Vitamin E was proven to be useful in lowering birth stress and protecting the liver when given to cows in late gestational stages. It is thought that it may also be effective in improving reproductive parameters, but the study should be replicated with more animals. © 2022, Massimo Morgante. All rights reserved.Öğe Trakya bölgesindeki köpeklerde Leishmania infantum'un seropozitifliğinin ELISA yöntemiyle araştırılması(2019) Arslan, Sezai; Öncel, Taraneh; Yenilmez, Kudret; Turan, NesrinAmaç: Trakya bölgesindeki bazı geçici hayvan barınaklarında bulunan sahipsiz sokak köpeklerinde anti-Leishmania infantum (L. infantum) antikorlarının ELISA yöntemi ile araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma materyalini Trakya bölgesinde bulunan Çanakkale/Gelibolu, Edirne/Uzunköprü, Kırklareli/ Merkez, İstanbul/Silivri ve Tekirdağ/Süleymanpaşa’danolmak üzere toplam 184 köpek oluşturmuştur. Köpeklerden alınan kan örneklerinden elde edilen serumlarda anti- L. infantum antikorlarının tespiti Enzyme-Linked Immuno-SorbentAssay (ELISA) yöntemi ile yapılmıştır.Bulgular: Anti- L. infantum antikorları yönünden incelenen 184 köpek serum örneğinin 16’sı seropozitif, (%8,7), 168 tanesi ise seronegatif (%91,3) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çanakkale/Gelibolu ve Kırklareli merkezde pozitiflik saptanmazken, İstanbul/Silivri’de %13,9, Edirne/Uzunköprü’de %12,1 ve Tekirdağ/Süleymanpaşa’da %4 oranında pozitiflik saptanmıştır. Çalışmada seropozitiflik oranının cinsiyetle ilişkisinin olmadığı, 4 yaş ve üstü köpeklerde seropozitiflik oranının arttığı tespit edilmiştir.Öneri: Trakya bölgesinde Leishmaniasis’in insan ve köpek sağlığı için önemli bir zoonoz hastalık olduğu ve vektör Phelebotomus türlerinin araştırılmasının uygun olacağı görüşünevarılmıştır.Öğe Türkiye’deki Bir İşletmede Yetiştirilen İtalyan Mandalarına Ait Bazı Reprodüktif Özellikler ve Karşılaşılan Reprodüktif Bozuklukların İnsidensi Üzerine Bir Çalışma(2022) Özbaşer, Fatma Tülin; Yenilmez, Kudret; Doğan, HalefBu çalışmada, Türkiye’de özel bir işletmede entansif yetiştiriciliği yapılan İtalyan mandalarına aitbazı reprodüktif özellikler ve karşılaşılan reprodüktif bozuklukların insidensinin belirlenmesiamaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, işletmede bulunan 347 adet dişi mandaya ait iki yıllık işletme kayıtlarıincelenerek, hayvanların reprodüktif verim özelliklerinden gebelik oranı, ilkine gebe kalma yaşı,ilkine malaklama yaşı, doğum-yeniden gebe kalma aralığı, iki doğum arasındaki süre, gebeliksüresi, dişi ve erkek malak doğum ağırlığı parametreleri hesaplandı. Ayrıca sürüde iki yıllık süreçtegözlenen abort, güç doğum ve bazı postpartum bozuklukların insidensi belirlendi. İncelenen verilersonucunda, sürü içerisinde bazı parametrelerde önemli varyasyonların olduğu, ayrıca etkili bir sürüyönetimi için düzenli reprodüktif takip ve üreme programları uygulanması gerektiği kanaatinevarıldı.
