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Öğe Effect of Berry Heterogeneity in Organic and Conventional Vineyards on Grape Berry Characteristics(Mevlüt AKÇURA, 2023) Korkutal, İlknur; Bahar, Elman; Uzun, MügeIn a two-part experiment, the first parcel is certified organic vineyard and, consisting of Cabernet Sauvignon cv. vines grafted onto the 1103P rootstock. The second parcel is conventional vineyard, with cv. Cabernet Sauvignon vines grafted onto the 5BB rootstock. Using Split-Plot Design based on stress levels, the experiment is set up with three repetitions, with two main plots representing Organic and Conventional vineyard, each split into two sub-plots. Predawn leaf water potential values were measured, and vines with values below -0.8 MPa and above -0.8 MPa were grouped into Dryland-Shallow Soil and Bottomland-Deep Soil, respectively, based on soil type (six groups, namely Control, Stress 1, and Stress 2). Berry characteristics were studied during harvest, and berries were classified into four groups based on their diameter (10mm-12mm, 12mm-14mm, 14mm-16mm). The results showed that the 10mm-12mm berry size group had the desired berry characteristics, Dryland-Shallow Soil produced smaller berries, and Stress 2 increased berry skin area and berry skin area/berry volume values.Öğe Effects of Different Water Stress Levels, Heterogeneity, and Location on Berry Phytochemical Properties in an Organic and Conventional Vineyard (Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon)(2024) Bahar, Elman; Korkutal, İlknur; Uzun, MügeInvestigate the effects of water stress on grape berry heterogeneity and composition in Cabernet-Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes under different farming practices (organic and conventional) based on soil structure and provide valuable information for the wine industry regarding quality. The research was conducted in two vineyards, one certified organic and the other following conventional practices. The experiment, designed with Split-Plot Experimental Design based on stress levels, was divided into two main plots, Organic and Conventional, and each of these plots was further divided into two subplots. The predawn leaf water potential results categorized the vines into two groups: those with values lower than -8 MPa and those above -8 MPa, which were labeled as Dryland-shallow soil and Baseland-deep soil, respectively, based on the location and soil type. During the harvest, grape clusters were collected and classified into three groups based on berry diameter (10mm-12mm, 12mm-14mm, 14mm-16mm). The results indicated that the 10mm-12mm berry size group generally exhibited the desired characteristics across all evaluated criteria. The total anthocyanin and total tannin content were higher in the 10mm-12mm berries from vines experiencing moderate stress (Stress 1), regardless of location. Additionally, the Dryland-shallow soil condition showed higher tannin content. On the other hand, grapes from high-stress vines displayed lower antioxidant values. The total polyphenol index content was higher in the organic vineyard. Based on the findings, it was suggested that to obtain high phytochemical compounds from Cabernet-Sauvignon grapes in the Tekirdağ region, cultivation should be carried out under Dryland-shallow soil conditions, where the predawn leaf water potential can drop as low as -0.8 MPa during the period between veraison and harvest. Moreover, berries between 10 mm and 12 mm might suit for this purpose.Öğe Farklı su stresi seviyelerinin organik ve konvansiyonel olarak yetiştirilen cabernet-sauvignon (vitis vinifera l. ) üzüm çeşidinde tane heterojenitesi ve bileşime etkisi(Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, 2019) Uzun, MügeAraştırma iki parselden oluşmakta ve birinci parseli Tekirdağ il sınırları içerisindeki organik tarım sertifikalı ŞatoNuzun Bağcılık ve Şarapçılık Ltd. firması bağlarında bulunmaktadır. Bağ 41° 02' 20.74" K ile 27° 48' 41.90" D koordinatları arasındadır. Rakımı 130m’dir ve 13 yaşındadır. Sıra arası ve sıra üzeri mesafesi 2x2.5 m ve VSP telli sisteme sahiptir. Bağın dikim yönü Kuzey-Güney olup, %18 eğimlidir. Bağda Cabernet Sauvignon/1103P aşı kombinasyonuna sahip omcalar kullanılmıştır. Diğer parsel Tekirdağ merkez ilçede bulunan Yazır Köyü’ nde, 40° 55’ 38.59” K ve 27° 25’ 20.93” D koordinatları arasında yer alan Umurbey Vineyards bağlarında yetiştiriciliği yapılmakta olan 5BB anacı üzerine aşılı Cabernet Sauvigon üzüm çeşidi asmalarından oluşmuştur. Stres düzeylerine göre bölünmüş Parseller Deneme Desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuş olan deneme, Organik ve Konvansiyonel (K) olmak üzere iki Ana Parsel ve ikişer Alt Parsele ayrılmıştır. ?şö şafak öncesi yaprak su potansiyeli sonuçlarına göre 8 MPa’dan düşük olan ve 8 MPa’dan büyük olan omcalar belirlenip arazi ve toprak tipine göre kıraç arazi ve taban arazi olarak gruplandırılmıştır. Kıraç arazide Kontrol, Stres 1, Stres 2 düzeyi ve Taban arazide Kontrol, Stres 1 ve Stres 2 olarak 6 ayrı grup vardır. Her grup için 3 tekerrür; her tekerrür için 2 asma ve her asmadan 4’er salkım olarak deneme kurulmuştur. Hasat yapılan salkım özellikleri incelenmiş ve taneleri çaplarına göre 4 ayrı grupta toplanmıştır (10mm-12mm, 12mm-14mm, 14mm-16mm). Üzümler boyut gruplarına ve stres düzeylerine göre Kontrol (K), Stres 1 (S1> - 0,8 MPa) ve Stres 2 (S2 < -0,8 MPa) özellikleri ve şıra içeriğine olan etkileri incelenmiştir. Deneme sonucunda tane boyutlarının içerdiği fenol, antosiyanin, antioksidan değerlerinin toprak yapısına, verim, bağcılık yöntemi, suya erişilebiliğine bağlı olarak hasat zamanı değişkenlik göstereceği öngörülmüştür.Öğe Morphological characteristics of cluster of cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) grape variety classified according to berry heterogeneity(2023) Korkutal, İlknur; Bahar, Elman; Uzun, MügeTwo experiments were conducted in two vineyards consisting of vines from the organic-certified Cabernet-Sauvignon/1103P graft combination and the conventional cultivation Cabernet Sauvignon/5BB graft combination. Vines were identified based on pre-dawn leaf water potential values according to stress levels in a Split-Plot Experimental Design. Grapevines were classified as <-0.8 MPa and >-0.8 MPa. These vines were further grouped into dryland-shallow soil and bottomland-deep soil areas, and for each area-soil type, Control, Stress 1, and Stress 2 levels were created. At harvest, the berries were divided into four groups based on their diameter: 10mm-12mm, 12mm-14mm, 14mm-16mm, and 16mm-18mm (In some measurements, no berries belonging to the 16-18mm category could be found). The grapes were grouped as Control, Stress 1 (S1 > -0.8 MPa), and Stress 2 (S2 < -0.8 MPa) based on size groups and stress levels, and certain morphological characteristics of the clusters were examined. The width and length of the clusters were not significantly affected by the area-soil type. Cluster weight, cluster volume, and number of berries per cluster criteria were influenced by stress levels. It was determined that organic vineyards with higher stress levels had fewer clusters compared to conventional vineyards. The number of berries in the clusters showed significant differences based on vineyard area and soil type, water stress levels, and berry size. In conclusion, in the Tekirdağ province, to obtain high-quality grapes from the cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon, it is considered suitable to utilize berries ranging from 10mm to 12mm in size, in conjunction with dryland-shallow soil conditions where the water potential (?pd) can decrease to as low as -0.8 MPa during the ripening period.
