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    CONTENT OF ISOFLAVONES AND MACROELEMENTS IN FIVE CLOVER SPECIES (TRIFOLIUM SPP.) GROWN ON PASTURE: THE INFLUENCE OF A SLOPE ASPECT
    (Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2022) Ates, Ertan; Tenikecier, Hazim Serkan
    This study aimed to determine the content of isoflavones (biochanin A, daidzein, formononetin and genistein) and macroelements in 5 clover species: 1) hare’s-foot clover (Trifolium arvense L.), 2) field clover (T. campestre Schreb.), 3) suckling clover (T. dubium Sibth.), 4) alsike clover (T. hybridum L.), 5) zigzag clover (T. medium L.) collected from different slope aspects (north-and south-facing slopes) of pasture in Northeastern Bulgaria. The content of biochanin A (0.317 mg g-1), daidzein (0.201 mg g-1) and genistein (0.205 mg g-1) was found to increase significantly on the south-facing slope of pasture. Zigzag clover (0.117 mg g-1) and hare’s-foot clover (0.119 mg g-1) samples from the north-facing slope had the lowest content of daidzein, which was higher in the other clover samples. Alsike clover on the south-facing slope of pasture had significantly higher genistein content (0.219 mg g-1) than the other clovers. The highest concentration of formononetin was detected in alsike clover (0.167 mg g-1) and field clover (0.175 mg g-1) on the south-facing slope of pasture. The south-facing slope resulted in significantly higher potassium (27.00 g kg-1), calcium (24.50 g kg-1), magnesium (2.30 g kg-1 ) and phosphorus (3.24 g kg-1) content in the plants than the north-facing slope of pasture. The content of these isoflavones and macroelements depended on the slope aspect and clover species. The clover grown on the southern slope of pasture had high content of isoflavones and macroelements. The content of isoflavones and macroelements revealed in the present study could provide useful information for development of clover cultivation management strategies, such as the selection of species, to ensure healthy animal feeding. © 2022, Polish Society Magnesium Research. All rights reserved.
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    Determination of seeding rate in the blue melilot (Melilotus caeruleus (l.) desr.) for forage yield and some quality features under subtropical conditions
    (Society of Field Crops Science, 2020) Tenikecier, Hazim Serkan; Ates, Ertan
    The aim of this research was to determine to blue melilot yield and quality properties sown at different rates of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 351 and 40 on November 4, 2015, on November 7, 2016 and on October 30, 2017. Investigated properties showed significantly differences. The lowest number of branches per plant (1.47), main stem diameter (3.20 mm) and leaflet width (1.44 cm) values were measured from blue melilot genotype 'BG-4' with 40 kg ha-1 seeding rate. The maximum main stem diameter (4.96-5.04 mm) and leaflet length (4.50-4.88 cm) were found from 5 to 15 kg ha-1 seeding rates. Highest plant height (84.48 cm), number of branches per plant (4.27), leaf length (7.12 cm), main stem diameter (4.41 mm), leaf/stem ratio (0.82), leaflet length (4.38 cm) and width (2.22 cm) were observed for BG-3 blue melilot genotype compared to other genotypes. Increasing seed rates resulted with an increase in crude protein, fresh fodder and dry matter yields. However, increasing seed rates caused decrease in crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin contents. The K, Ca, P and Mg contents of blue melilot genotypes ranging from 2.40-2.55 %, 1.48-1.56 %, 0.60-0.68 % and 0.40-0.45 %, respectively. According to results, blue melilot can be sown at a seeding rate of 30 kg ha-1 similar regions. © 2020, Society of Field Crops Science. All rights reserved.
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    Effect of a sowing date on the dry matter yield, tetany ratio, fiber and mineral content of two vetch species (Vicia sp.)
    (Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2021) Tenikecier, Hazim Serkan
    The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a sowing date on the dry matter yield, tetany ratio, mineral and fiber content of two vetch species (Hungarian vetch and common vetch) and their newly developed varieties. This research was conducted during 2016-2018, at the Research and Experimental Area (40°59?25.2? N, 27°34?48.4? E), Field Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Turkey. It was set up in a randomized split block design with three replications. Certified seeds of the common vetch (Alper, Orakefe and Selçuk) and Hungarian vetch (Altınova, Ege Beyazı and Sarıefe) varieties were used. The dry matter yields of varieties from each vetch species decreased with the delay of a sowing date (from November to February). The highest dry matter yield was obtained from common vetch varieties Orakefe (7.08 Mg ha-1) and Selçuk (6.98 Mg ha-1) at 1st sowing date (November). The delay of sowing dates (from November to February) resulted in an increase in the crude protein and fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin content. The highest P content (0.29%) was determined in Hungarian vetch variety Altınova at the first sowing date. The highest P content (0.44%) was obtained from common vetch variety Orakefe at 3rd sowing date (January). The highest K content (2.28%) was recorded from Hungarian vetch varieties at 1st sowing date. The lowest K content (2.61%) was obtained from common vetch varieties at same sowing date. The highest Ca (1.30%) and Mg (0.49%) contents of Hungarian vetch were found in variety Ege Beyazı at 4th sowing date (February), the lowest tetany ratio (0.97) was calculated for the same variety and sowing date. The lowest Fe (82 mg kg-1 for Hungarian vetch variety Ege Beyazı, 107.50 mg kg-1 for common vetch variety Alper), Cu (17.78-14.90 mg kg-1 for Hungarian vetch varieties Ege Beyazı and Sarıefe, 15.17 mg kg-1 for common vetch variety Alper) and Mn (28.53-28.62 mg kg-1 for Hungarian vetch varieties Ege Beyazı and Altınova, 27.54 mg kg-1 for common vetch variety Orakefe) contents were recorded at 3rd, 2nd (December) and 1st sowing dates, respectively. The lowest Zn content (14.12 mg kg-1) was recorded from Hungarian vetch variety Ege Beyazı at 3rd sowing date. Besides, the lowest Zn content (16.73 mg kg-1) was obtained from common vetch variety Alper at 1st sowing date. © 2021, Polish Society Magnesium Research. All rights reserved.
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    Macro-Mineral Uptake, Relative Water Content, Retention Capability, and Tolerance Index of Sunn Hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) under Salinity Stress at Early Seedling
    (Mdpi, 2024) Topcu, Gulcan Demiroglu; Tenikecier, Hazim Serkan; Ates, Ertan
    Salt stress exerts adverse effects on yield by inhibiting or delaying seed germination and impeding seedling growth. Additionally, different salt concentrations have adverse effects on plant wet and dry weight and stem and shoot development. Crotalaria juncea L., the fastest-growing species within the Crotalaria genus, demonstrates a high degree of adaptability to both tropical and subtropical climates. To assess the tolerance of sunn hemp to salinity during the germination and early seedling stages, several indicators were determined at different (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mM) salt concentrations. Germination was conspicuously absent at salt concentrations of 250 mM and 300 mM. Notably, seedling characteristics, such as shoot length, root length, root fresh weight, seedling fresh weight, retention capability of the shoot, and the relative water content, experienced adverse effects with escalating salt concentrations. Intriguingly, the apex of seedling and root dry weights manifested at the pinnacle of salt concentration at 200 mM. Despite the discernible influence of heightened salt concentrations during the nascent seedling stage, the tolerance index was quantified at 100 mM, 150 mM, and 200 mM. Analyzing the study results through the lens of macro-minerals revealed an augmentation in Na and Cl content concomitant with increasing salt concentrations.
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    Response of phosphorus application on seed yield and fatty acid composition in fodder pea (Pisum arvense L.) genotypes in subtropical climate
    (Range Management Society of India, 2022) Ates, Ertan; Tenikecier, Hazim Serkan
    This study aimed to assess fatty acid composition, seed yield, and morphological characteristics of two fodder pea genotypes depending on different doses of phosphorus application. The highest number of pods plant-1 (27.66-28.00), pod length (6.37-6.47 cm) and 1000-seed weight (126.12-126.42 g) were recorded at 60, 90 and 120 kg P2 O5 ha-1 treatments. The main stem length and the number of seeds pod-1 ranged from 119.77 to 122.00 cm and 6.11 to 6.22, respectively, in fodder pea genotypes at all P2 O5 treatments. In f odder pea genotypes, the highest seed yield was recorded (2.51, 2.49 and 2.51 t ha-1) at three doses (60, 90 and 120 kg P2O5 ha-1). Fatty acid compositions did not differ among the fodder pea genotypes. Application of 60 and 90 kg P2 O5 ha-1 increased the myristic (0.19 %), palmitic (17.03-17.05 %), heptadecanoic (0.20-0.22 %), stearic (7.13-7.14 %), oleic (16.39-16.42 %), linoleic (59.96-60.21 %) and linolenic acid (11.03 %) contents of fodder pea seeds. Application of 60 kg P2 O5 ha-1 was, therefore, recommended for high seed yield and myristic, palmitic, heptadecanoic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid contents in fodder pea under subtropical conditions. © 2022, Range Management Society of India. All rights reserved.
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    Variations of genotypes of Vicia species as influenced by seed phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity
    (Lithuanian Research Centre Agriculture & Forestry, 2022) Orak, Hakime Hülya; Karamac, Magdalena; Amarowicz, Ryszard; Orak, Adnan; Janiak, Michal Adam; Tenikecier, Hazim Serkan
    The phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of different Vicia species, which are cultivated in different areas of Turkey, and the diversity between analysed characters were investigated. For this purpose, 9 genotypes from three Vicia species: common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.) and Narbon vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.), were used. The experiment was carried out to determine total phenolic content (TPC), content of individual phenolic compounds, to determine ABTS(center dot+) and DPPH center dot scavenging activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in methanol and acetone extracts of seeds. The TPC of vetch extracts was in range 11.18-30.42 mg GAE g(-1) (in methanol extract) and 17.05-59.88 mg GAE g(-1) (in acetone extract). Two V. sativa genotypes Cvoe and Cvke stood out among the others with regard to high TPC and antioxidant activity. They also had the highest content of individual hydroxybenzoic acids and flavones. All extracts of V. narbonensis genotypes were characterised by absence of flavones and low TPC and antioxidant activity. GGE biplot analysis revealed the differences of Vicia genotypes based on phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. The significant correlations among TEAC, FRAP and DPPH center dot scavenging activity and the content of hydroxybenzoic acids were found in both methanol and acetone extracts (P < 0.01). The genotypes were divided into three clusters in acetone extract and two clusters in methanol extract with similarity above 60% in each group by a hierarchical cluster analysis. These results demonstrated that the genotypic differences of Vicia species in terms of TPC and antioxidant activity can be a tool for feed technology studies for animal nutrition, animal welfare and meat quality.
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    Yield, some cell wall component and mineral contents of fodder pea (Pisum sativum ssp. arvense l. poir) forage as influenced by cultivar, growth stages and phosphorus application
    (Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2021) Tenikecier, Hazim Serkan; Ates, Ertan
    The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of cultivars, growth stages and different phosphorus doses on forage yield, some cell wall components and macro-element content of fodder pea. This research was conducted during 2014-2019 on farmland (41°12?24? N, 27°18?23? E) in Muratli-Tekirdag, Turkey, in a randomized split block design with four replications. Each year, the fertilizer treatments were comprised of five levels of phosphorus (triple superphosphate (TSP), P43%) viz-0 (control), 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1. At all growth stages (pre-bud, ½ bloom and full-bloom), some morphological characters, crude fiber, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin, calcium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus contents, herbage and dry matter yields of two fodder pea cultivars at each treatment were determined. The highest main stem length (127.1 cm), main stem diameter (4.1 mm), number of branches per plant (4.3 pcs), number of leaves main stem (24.3 pcs), leaf/stem ratio (2.1), herbage yield (50.8 Mg ha-1) and dry matter yield (11.1 Mg ha-1) values were found at application of 60 kg P ha-1. Increasing phosphorus doses resulted in a decrease in crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin contents. The highest potassium (16.9 g kg-1), calcium (16.6 g kg-1), magnesium (4.5-4.6 g kg-1) and phosphorus (3.5 g kg-1) content was found at applications of 60 to 120 kg P ha-1. The content of these macro-elements increased with advancing maturity. © 2021, Polish Society Magnesium Research. All rights reserved.