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Öğe Effects of Propolis Extract Coating on Shelf Life and Quality Parameters of Eggs Obtained from Free-Range Hens(Univ Namik Kemal, 2022) Güler, Gökmen; Şen, Ayşe; Turgud, Firdevs Korkmaz; Tahtabiçen, Emre; Okur, Aylin Ağma; Samli, Hasan ErsinThe study was carried out to demonstrate the effects of the use of water-extracted propolis (PE) as a coating material on shelf life, storage temperature, time, and egg quality parameters obtained from free-range laying hens. The idea of coating an egg with a product to preserve its freshness for a longer time has been the subject of research by researchers. For this purpose, there are studies using samples of propolis extracted using different alcohols. In this study, the effects of coating eggs obtained from free-range reared chickens with water extracted PE and keeping them in different storage conditions on the internal and external quality parameters of the eggs were investigated. For this purpose, 80 eggs were collected from 64-week-old Lohmann brown layers. Egg samples were divided into groups of 8 treatments [2 storage times (10 and 20 days) x 2 storage temperatures (4 degrees C and 22 degrees C) x propolis coating on the shell (coated/uncoated)] and arranged to contain 10 eggs per treatment. In the study, it was seen that PE caused positive effects on the shelf life and internal quality characteristics of eggs stored at room and refrigerator temperature, as it covers the pores on the shell. As a result of coating with propolis extract, specific gravity and egg yolk index values increased (P <0.05). In addition, the number of mesophilic bacteria has decreased. Due to these positive effects, propolis can be considered as a natural alternative product that can be used for eggshell coating. It was determined at the end of the research that coating with the water-derived extract of propolis, a by-product of beekeeping activities, might have positive effects on long-term storage.Öğe Moringa oleifera and Propolis in Cattle Nutrition: Characterization of Metabolic Activities in the Rumen In Vitro(Mdpi, 2022) Mahmood, Mubarik; Samli, Hasan Ersin; Şener-Aydemir, Arife; Sharma, Suchitra; Zebeli, Qendrim; Khiaosa-ard, RatchaneewanMoringa oleifera by-products such as seed cake and leaves are protein-rich ingredients, while raw propolis has the potential to influence ruminal protein metabolism. These substances are also known to be sources of functional compounds. With these properties, they could modulate ruminal fermentation activities. Using the rumen simulation technique, we investigated ruminal fermentation and the antioxidant properties of four dietary treatments. These included a control diet (CON) without supplementation; the CON diet top-dressed on a dry matter (DM) basis, either with moringa seed cake (MSC, containing 49% crude protein (CP)), moringa leaf powder (ML, containing 28% CP), or raw propolis (PRO, 3% CP). MSC, ML, and PRO accounted for 3.8, 7.4, and 0.1% of the total diet DM, respectively. Both ML and MSC resulted in 14 and 27% more ammonia concentration, respectively than CON and PRO (p < 0.05). MSC increased the propionate percentage at the expense of acetate (p < 0.05). Both ML and MSC decreased methane percentages by 7 and 10%, respectively, compared to CON (p < 0.05). The antioxidant capacity of the moringa seed cake, moringa leaf powder, and raw propolis were 1.14, 0.56, and 8.56 mg Trolox/g DM, respectively. However, such differences were not evident in the fermentation fluid. In conclusion, the supplementation of moringa seed cake desirably modulates rumen microbial activities related to protein and carbohydrate metabolism.Öğe The effects of in ovo pollen extract injection on growth parameters, ileal histomorphology and caecal microflora in fasted broiler chicks(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2017) Coşkun, İsa; Korkmaz, Firdevs; Altop, Aydın; Çayan, Hüseyin; Filik, Gökhan; Şahin, Ahmet; Erener, Guray; Korkmaz, Firdevs; Samli, Hasan ErsinThis study was carried out to determine the effects of in ovo pollen extract injection on growth parameters, ileal histomorphology, and caecal microflora of fasted broiler chicks. In this experiment, 2x2 factorial experimental design was used. One d old, 120 healthy broiler chicks were allocated to 4 treatment groups and 6 replicates (5 mixed sex chicks allocated each replicates). Treatment groups were: A) Pollen extract injection and 24 h fasting (P24); B) Pollen extract injection and 48 h fasting (P48), C) Control, no injection 24 h fasting (C24) and D) Control, no injection 48 h fasting (C48). The experiment lasted 21 days. Live weight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio were recorded weekly. Ileal histomorphology, caecal microbiota, organ weight were recorded at 21th days of experiment. In ovo pollen extract injection did not affect hatchability rate. At the end of 21 days, in ovo pollen extract injection did not affect feed intake, live weight gain, feed conversion ratio, inner organ development and ileal villi width irrespective to fasting 24 h and 48 h. In ovo pollen extract injection increased ileal villi length, caecal lactic acid bacteria and Saccharomyces Cerevisiae count, decreased caecal Enterobactericaea count. In conclusion, in ovo pollen extract injection can be applied for broiler eggs to improve weight gain, better digestion and gut health.Öğe Usage Possibilities of Some Insect Species in Feeds(Univ Namik Kemal, 2018) Sabuncuoglu, Kubra Melis; Korkmaz Turguiy, Firdevs; Samli, Hasan ErsinIn this study, basic nutrient contents and fatty acid methyl ester composition of larvae period (Tenebrio molitor), buffalo worm (Alphitobius diaperinus) and morio worm (Zophobas morio) were investigated by gas chromatographic methods and their possibilities of using in feeds were investigated. The highest crude protein ratio was found to be (as) 63.94% in the buffalo. The highest fat content was found in morio (39.99%). Crude fiber rates varied between 7.07-7.89%. The flour used in the study was dry, and the palmitic acid values of morio and buffalo worms ranged from 30.453 to 40.437%. Oleic acid values were found to be (as) 36.252-50.545%. Linoleic acid was found to be the highest value with 20.349% of buffalo. It is thought that dried insect larvae of used in the study can be used instead of animal protein sources when evaluated according to the nutrient parameters examined. However, detection of possible anti nutritive effects and performance values should be considered in further studies.
