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Öğe Acil Serviste Bildirimi Yapılan Adli Raporların Geriye Dönük Bir Yıllık İncelemesi(Galenos Publ House, 2024) Bicakci, Sercan; Bicakci, Nurcan; Sahin, Huseyin; Saka, Naile Esra; Camci, ElifAim: It was aimed to investigate the characteristics of forensic cases admitted to the emergency department of Tekirda & gbreve; Namik Kemal University Hospital (TNKUH), the qualities of forensic reports and the prognosis of the cases. Materials and Methods: All forensic cases for which a forensic report was written in the TNKUH emergency department between 01.01.2021 and 31.12.2021 were included in the study. Case records, hospital information management system and clinical patient forms and judicial notification files in the emergency department archive were examined retrospectively one by one. Results: Analyzes were made on 1136 cases for which forensic reports were prepared in the TNKUH emergency department. While 71.8% of the patients were male, the overall average age was 33.4 +/- 15.7 years. It was observed that the highest number of patients was in the 21-30 age group with a rate of 31.3%. Among the reasons for application, traffic accidents ranked first (33.3%), followed by assault-force cases (24.1%) and work accidents (21.5%). It was determined that 89.1% of the assault-algebra cases occurred with blunt traumatic-impact action. In the conclusions of the forensic reports, no life-threatening situation was mentioned in 175 cases (15.4%), it was stated that there was a life-threatening situation in 84 patients (7.4%), and that there was no life-threatening situation in 877 (77.2%) patients. It was observed that 957 patients (84.2%) were discharged from the emergency department after their examination and treatment, 112 patients were admitted to the ward (7.5%) and intensive care units (2.4%), and 8 (0.7%) patients died in the emergency department during their examination and treatment. Most of the patients admitted Conclusion: A significant portion of forensic cases are caused by trauma. Having complete and orderly records in forensic cases is important in terms of physician safety and preventing patient victimization in the legal process that may occur afterwards.Öğe Analysis of Forensic Death Statistics From 2013 to 2022 and Autopsy Practices in Türkiye(2024) Çelik, Cemil; Ata, Uğur; Saka, Naile EsraBackground: Autopsy rates are significantly lower that what they should be worldwide. Additionally, autopsy practices vary between countries. Aims: To examine the autopsy rates, the distribution and temporal changes of forensic autopsy cases, so as to identify the areas in the death investigation system that require improvement in Türkiye. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: “Forensic Death Examination Statistics” of the Council of Forensic Medicine (CFM) and “Death Statistics” of the Turkish Statistical Institute were compared and analyzed for the years 2013- 2022 in Türkiye. Results: The number of forensic death cases sent to the CFM has increased over time. For all causes of deaths, the autopsy rate is approximately 3.6-4.8%. The cause-specific mortality rates for deaths due to sharp instrument trauma, blunt trauma, occupational accident, undetermined, and poisoning have increased over the years. “The percentage of “undetermined” deaths, which are important to demonstrate negative autopsies, was 14.2% in 2021. Conclusion: Although the autopsy rates have slightly increased in a volatile trend over time in Türkiye, they are still not at the desired level. Thus, it is essential to further raise awareness among all professionals involved in death investigations about the importance of autopsies.Öğe Analysis of Forensic Death Statistics From 2013 to 2022 and Autopsy Practices in Türkiye(Galenos Publ House, 2024) Celik, Cemil; Ata, Ugur; Saka, Naile EsraBackground: Autopsy rates are significantly lower that what they should be worldwide. Additionally, autopsy practices vary between countries. Aims: To examine the autopsy rates, the distribution and temporal changes of forensic autopsy cases, so as to identify the areas in the death investigation system that require improvement in Turkiye.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Methods: Forensic Death Examination Statistics of the Council of Forensic Medicine (CFM) and Death Statistics of the Turkish Statistical Institute were compared and analyzed for the years 2013-2022 in Turkiye. Results: The number of forensic death cases sent to the CFM has increased over time. For all causes of deaths, the autopsy rate is approximately 3.6-4.8%. The cause-specific mortality rates for deaths due to sharp instrument trauma, blunt trauma, occupational accident, undetermined, and poisoning have increased over the years. The percentage of undetermined deaths, which are important to demonstrate negative autopsies, was 14.2% in 2021. Conclusion: Although the autopsy rates have slightly increased in a volatile trend over time in Turkiye, they are still not at the desired level. Thus, it is essential to further raise awareness among all professionals involved in death investigations about the importance of autopsies.Öğe Approach and Reporting to Forensic Psychiatric Cases: Examples of Forensic Psychiatry Practices in the World(2020) Temel, İsmail Gökhan; Budak, Hasan; Saka, Naile EsraForensic psychiatry is one of the most important subjects of forensic medicine, psychiatry and pediatric psychiatry clinics and requires a multidisciplinary approach. The aim of this study is to examine the issues that physicians should take into consideration in the forensic psychiatric examination. However we have tried to emphasize similar and different aspects of these countries with Turkey by giving general information about forensic psychiatric practice of various countries in this study.Öğe Evaluation of Mortality Statistics in Turkey from 2017 to 2022: An Analysis of the Impact of COVID-19(Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2024) Çelik, Cemil; Ata, Uğur; Saka, Naile EsraBackground: Examining death statistics at regular intervals is highly useful for assessing public health. This study aimed to analyze cause-specific mortality statistics, to ascertain their distribution over the years, and to offer remedial solutions to enhance public health outcomes. Methods: In this retrospective descriptive study, an analysis was conducted on data sourced from the "Death and Cause of Death Statistics" provided by the Turkish Statistical Institute between 2017 and 2022. Results: While the crude mortality rate remained stable from 2017 to 2019, a discernible increase in mortality rates has been observed since 2020, attributed to the impact of the pandemic. The crude death rate was the high-est in the <5 yr and ?65 yr age groups. Approximately 70% of the total mortality cases in Turkey were attributed to cardiovascular diseases, cancers, respiratory diseases, and diabetes. Conclusion: Given the world's rapidly aging population, an increase in deaths related to the four major non-communicable diseases is foreseen. Therefore, there is an imperative need to enhance efforts aimed at preventing and controlling these diseases. © 2024 Çelik et al. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences.Öğe Methamphetamine and carbon monoxide co-toxicity: an unusual case report and literature review(Int Assoc Law & Forensic Sciences, 2024) Ata, Ugur; Celik, Cemil; Saka, Naile EsraBackground Comprehending the toxic effects of substances co-detected in bodily fluids presents a formidable challenge. The combined toxic effect of carbon monoxide and methamphetamine remains a rarely discussed issue within the realm of scholarly literature. The main objective of this research is to delve into the potential intricacies of death mechanisms, unraveling the profound impact of both CO and methamphetamine on the heart.Case presentation The cause and mechanism of death of a young man with toxic levels of CO-Hb and low-dose methamphetamine in his bloodstream were discussed in conjunction with the literature in this study. Methamphetamine levels of 30 ng/mL (0.03 mg/L) and 25.8% CO-Hb were detected in the blood of a 25-year-old individual who was found dead and without any disease.Conclusions Although the amounts of methamphetamine and CO-Hb in the blood were not in the deadly range, it was determined that death occurred as a result of the combined action of these substances. In the present case, it was considered that death occurred as a result due to the combined cardiac effect of methamphetamine and CO, before the lethal blood CO level was reached.Öğe Penetrating two stab to the throat, survival time and physical mobility: a suicide case and literature review(Int Assoc Law & Forensic Sciences, 2023) Celik, Cemil; Cetinkaya, Tuba Akkus; Ata, Ugur; Kamalak, Murat; Saka, Naile EsraBackgroundIt is difficult to pinpoint the manner of death in cases of death due to sharp force injuries where injury patterns resemble one another. Other issues that might arise include physical mobility and survival time after injury. Within the scope of this case, a 53-year-old male suicide with findings suggestive of homicide is presented, along with research on the nature of sharp neck injuries, survival time, and movement after injury.Case presentationThanks to the surveillance camera video that captured a significant portion of the occurrence, it was determined that the incident in the case that was presented, which had two perforations of the larynx, was suicide. At first appearance, this case could be assumed to be homicidal. Due to the injury, the victim could only walk around 300-350 m. The victim had a 4-h average survival time.ConclusionsIn general terms, the survival time according to the injury sites in the neck can be listed for a person (if the wound sizes are close to each other) as follows: injury causing vagal stimulation < arterial injury with severe blood loss < venous injury with blood loss < airway injury causing aspiration and respiratory failure.Öğe Relationship between forensic medicine education, stress factors, and mobbing perception from the perspective of specialists in Turkey's universities(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2024) Celik, Cemil; Ata, Ugur; Kamalak, Murat; Saka, Naile EsraIntroduction: The current situation needs to be presented with scientific data to ensure and improve the quality of specialist training. This study examined the quality of education, instructor competence, stress factors, mobbing, and their interconnections in the domain of forensic medicine specialty education in Turkey. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted through an anonymous, web-based survey targeting forensic medicine specialists who have completed their specialist training in university forensic medicine departments within the last three years. The survey consisted of questions regarding issues included in the core education curriculum, educator characteristics, and perceptions of stress and mobbing. Based on the responses provided, the relationships between these factors were statistically analysed. Results: 72.7 % of the study population completed the survey. Nearly half of the participants (46.3 %) did not consider the number of instructors adequate. The quality of instructors (scientific competence, educational and teaching skills, interpersonal relations, accessibility, management, and problem-solving abilities) was determined to be partially sufficient (mean = 3.36). Approximately one-third of the respondents indicated that instructors made the greatest contribution to their specialist training, whereas the proportion of those who said otherwise was much higher. Education received for topics included in the core curriculum was partially sufficient level (mean = 3.04). It was observed that there was a significant relationship between the instructor characteristics, sufficiency score of the taught topics, and perception of mobbing (p < 0.01). The sufficiency scores of instructor characteristics had a 1.02-fold impact on sufficiency ratings of the topics covered in residency training. Among the respondents, 76.9 % reported encountering stress factors during their specialty training, with the most frequently exposed stress factor (52.2 %) being disorganisation within the training program. Among the participants, 22.8 % reported experiencing mobbing. Conclusions: Education and instructor qualifications were correlated; however, stress factors and mobbing adversely affected education. A close association was observed between education, instructors, stressors, and mobbing. Thus independent and objective auditors tasked with verifying whether institutions meet the established educational standards need to be established.
