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    Microengineered neuronal networks: enhancing brain-machine interfaces
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2024) Kantawala, Burhan; Hamitoglu, Ali Emir; Nohra, Lea; Yusuf, Hassan Abdullahi; Isaac, Kirumira Jonathan; Shariff, Sanobar; Nazir, Abubakar
    The brain-machine interface (BMI), a crucial conduit between the human brain and computers, holds transformative potential for various applications in neuroscience. This manuscript explores the role of micro-engineered neuronal networks (MNNs) in advancing BMI technologies and their therapeutic applications. As the interdisciplinary collaboration intensifies, the need for innovative and user-friendly BMI technologies becomes paramount. A comprehensive literature review sourced from reputable databases (PubMed Central, Medline, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar) aided in the foundation of the manuscript, emphasizing the pivotal role of MNNs. This study aims to synthesize and analyze the diverse facets of MNNs in the context of BMI technologies, contributing insights into neural processes, technological advancements, therapeutic potentials, and ethical considerations surrounding BMIs. MNNs, exemplified by dual-mode neural microelectrodes, offer a controlled platform for understanding complex neural processes. Through case studies, we showcase the pivotal role of MNNs in BMI innovation, addressing challenges, and paving the way for therapeutic applications. The integration of MNNs with BMI technologies marks a revolutionary stride in neuroscience, refining brain-computer interactions and offering therapeutic avenues for neurological disorders. Challenges, ethical considerations, and future trends in BMI research necessitate a balanced approach, leveraging interdisciplinary collaboration to ensure responsible and ethical advancements. Embracing the potential of MNNs is paramount for the betterment of individuals with neurological conditions and the broader community.
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    Recent measles outbreak in unvaccinated children in Ohio: cause and causality - a correspondence
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2023) Uwishema, Olivier; Anis, Heeba; El Kassem, Sarah; Hamitoglu, Ali E.; Essayli, Dina; Nazir, Abubakar
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Rising meningitis in USA and Mexico: insights from the fatal outbreak
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2024) Anis, Heeba; Shaik, Akbar Basha; Berjaoui, Christin; Karabulut, Ece; Tiwari, Angad; Nazir, Abubakar; Hamitoglu, Ali Emir
    Meningitis, an inflammatory disease affecting the meningeal layers of the brain and the spinal cord, poses a significant public health concern globally. Most meningitis cases are caused by viral infections, bacterial infections being the second most common cause, while fungal or parasitic infections are deemed rare. Despite the decrease in bacterial meningitis because of vaccination and treatment, a recent meningitis outbreak in the United States and Mexico highlighted ongoing challenges. The current meningitis outbreak is caused by a pathogenic fungus and is associated with surgical procedures performed under spinal anaesthesia as reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on the 11 May of 2023. Around 20 cases with clinical suspicion of meningitis, including two fatalities, have been attributed to this rampant outbreak. Timely diagnosis, utilising diagnostic modalities such as lumbar puncture and pathogen detection methods, is crucial for appropriate management. Iatrogenic meningitis must be avoided by enhancing surveillance, infection control procedures, and adherence to aseptic practices. To lessen the effects of meningitis and enhance patient outcomes, the WHO's roadmap and preventive interventions, such as targeted immunisations, are essential.