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Öğe Beta-casein A1/A2, kappa-casein and beta-lactoglobulin polymorphisms in Turkish cattle breeds(Archiv Fur Tierzucht, 2013) Dinç, Havva; Özkan, Emel; Koban, Evren; Togan, İnciIn this study, the genetic diversity of three milk protein genes namely beta-casein, kappacasein and beta-lactoglobulin was estimated in Turkish cattle breeds. Based on these genes, breeds in Turkey have been grouped as: 1) Eastern Anatolian Red, Anatolian Black and Southern Anatolian Red and 2) Turkish Grey, Turkish Holstein and Holstein Candidate Bulls. B alleles of the three studied genes, which were reported to be positively related with cheese yield and quality, seemed to be low-intermediate for beta-casein and kappa-casein but relatively high for beta-lactoglobulin in the first group of Turkish breeds compared to other breeds of the world. The kappa-casein E allele, which has a negative effect on cheese quality, is absent in Turkish cattle breeds, except in Holstein Candidate Bulls. Therefore, the results suggest that milk of Turkish native breeds is suitable for cheese making. Based on observations of the Turkish breeds, some suggestions were made regarding breeding practices in Turkey.Öğe Evaluation of parentage testing in the Turkish Holstein population based on 12 microsatellite loci(Elsevier, 2009) Özkan, Emel; Soysal, Mehmet İhsan; Özder, Muhittin; Koban, Evren; Şahin, Onur; Togan, İnciIn the present study, 12 microsatellite loci (ETH10, ETH225, ETH103, TGLA122, TGLA227, BM1824, BM2113, INRA23, SPS115, TGLA126, RM006 and BM1818) were evaluated for their possible use to confirm selected pedigree relationships between 7 bulls, their 21 male offspring, and their 64 second-generation female offspring within the progeny test started in Turkey. The nine loci (BM1824, INRA23, BM2113, SPS115, ETH10, TGLA122, ETH225, TGLA126 and TGLA227) recommended by ISAG displayed high values for the measures of informativeness (allele numbers, heterozygosity, polymorphic information content, frequency of the most common allele, and power of discrimination). When both parents are known calculated combined probability of exclusion was at least 0.999. Range of probability of paternity (POP) values were 0.814-0.9999. Except 3 cases (4.7%), the alleged paternity relationships were confirmed. To have a higher confidence in POP values new loci must be integrated into the set of 9 loci used. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.