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    Adsorption of Methylene Blue using Bottom Ash: Experimental Design, Isotherm Analysis, and Optimum Conditions
    (Global Network Environmental Science & Technology, 2024) Cifci, Deniz Izlen; Cihan, Mehmet Timur; Gunes, Elcin; Ozturk, Tuba; Gunes, Yalcin
    This study investigated the removal of methylene blue (MB) via adsorption using waste bottom ash. The bottom ash, sourced from a waste storage site in the & Ccedil;orlu district of Tekirda & gbreve; province, Thrace Region, was utilized as the adsorbent. The research examined the impact of several variables on MB removal, including bottom ash dosage, pH, contact time, and agitation speed. It was found that all parameters had a single-variable effect, while pH exhibited a quadratic effect on MB removal in a model- based analysis. The optimization of the model for maximum MB removal identified the optimal conditions as 0.978 g bottom ash dosage, pH 3, 15 minutes of adsorption time, and 50 rpm agitation speed. Under these conditions, the model predicted an MB removal efficiency of 71%, which was experimentally confirmed to be 72.5%. The adsorption process was found to fit with the Freundlich isotherm, indicating a multilayer adsorption mechanism on the heterogeneous surface of the adsorbent. This research not only highlights the feasibility of using bottom ash from coal combustion as an economical adsorbent for dye-contaminated wastewater but also underscores its potential to inform and inspire future studies on waste recycling and wastewater treatment.
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    Effect of chromophore type on efficiency of reactive dye removal using polyamidoamine dendrimer
    (Wiley, 2024) Atav, Riza; Akkus, Eray; Cifci, Deniz Izlen; Ergunay, Ugur; Gunes, Yalcin; Gunes, Elcin
    In this study, by selecting a sample of dyes from a wide variety of chromophores used in the production of reactive dyes (monoazo, bisazo, metal azo, phthalocyanine, anthraquinone, copper formazan and triphendioxazine), the colour removal performance of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer in reactive dyes was statistically evaluated depending on the dye chromophore groups (and accordingly molecular weight and number of sulfo groups of the dye), dendrimer concentration and centrifugation time. When all the results were examined, it was observed that the colour removal efficiency was significantly lower in metalazo and copper formazan-based reactive dyes, whereas colour removals ranging from 93% to 98% could be obtained in bisazo, triphendioxazine, monoazo, anthraquinone and phthalocyanine dyes. With the use of dendrimer, the best colour removal efficiencies occurred at pH 3. However, it was found that the centrifugation time of 15 min is sufficient for all dyes, and a longer centrifugation does not provide any additional benefit in terms of colour removal.
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    IMPROVING THE ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING SYSTEM IN TuRKIYE: LESSONS-LEARNT FROM MUCILAGE EVENT IN THE SEA OF MARMARA
    (Gh Asachi Technical Univ Iasi, 2023) Hanedar, Asude; Gunes, Yalcin; Avsar, Edip; Tanik, Aysegul; Musaoglu, Nebiye; Pasaoglu, Mehmet Emin; Gorgun, Erdem
    Facing and experiencing the recent mucilage event in the Sea of Marmara-Turkiye in 2021 urged the local and state officers together with the related authorities to strengthen and improve the existing environmental auditing system. It is well-known that high pollution loads discharged to the receiving sea environment through land-based sources of point and diffuse loads accelerated the formation of mucilage in line with the warming of the sea surface as a consequence of climate change. In this regard changes, revisions, and particularly sector-specific activities were funded through a project established by the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization, and Climate Change (MoEU) and carried out by a group of academics and MoEU technical specialists. As such, the auding system has been thoroughly improved to prevent further deterioration of the Sea of Marmara surrounded by 7 metropolitan provinces of the country. This study is on the lessons-learnt during the renewal attempts of the auditing system with the aim of benefiting from the recent applications of the other developing and/or regional countries suffering from coastal pollution.