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    Emerging Concern from Short-Term Textile Leaching: A Preliminary Ecotoxicological Survey
    (Springer, 2016) Lofrano, Giusy; Libralato, Giovanni; Carotenuto, Maurizio; Guida, M.; Inglese, M.; Siciliano, A.; Meriç, Süreyya
    Textile dyes and their residues gained growing attention worldwide. Textile industry is a strong water consumer potentially releasing xenobiotics from washing and rinsing procedures during finishing processes. On a decentralised basis, also final consumers generate textile waste streams. Thus, a procedure simulating home washing with tap water screened cotton textiles leachates (n = 28) considering physico-chemical (COD, BOD5, and UV absorbance) and ecotoxicological data (Daphnia magna, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Lepidium sativum). Results evidenced that: (i) leachates presented low biodegradability levels; (ii) toxicity in more than half leachates presented slight acute or acute effects; (iii) the remaining leachates presented no effect suggesting the use of green dyes/additives, and/or well established finishing processes; (iv) no specific correlations were found between traditional physico-chemical and ecotoxicological data. Further investigations will be necessary to identify textile residues, and their potential interactions with simulated human sweat in order to evidence potential adverse effects on human health.
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    Inorganic and Organic Contamination in Sediment From Izmir Bay (Turkey) and Mytilene Harbor (Greece)
    (Global Network Environmental Science & Technology, 2013) Kostopoulou, M.; Guida, M.; Nikolaou, A.; Oral, R.; Trifuoggi, M.; Borriello, I.; Pagano, G.; Pagano Meriç, Süreyya
    Marine sediment contamination was evaluated in a set of sediment specimens collected from Izmir Bay (Turkey) and from Mytilene Harbor (Greece) in the Aegean Sea. Eight sediment specimens from Izmir (#IZ to #IZ8) and seven sediment specimens from Mytilene (#MYT1 to #MYT7) were analyzed for their content in different classes of contaminants, i.e. inorganics, organic carbon (OC), and seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Significantly higher levels of inorganic contaminants were detected in Izmir vs. Mytilene sediment, and the highest inorganic contamination was detected in the innermost sampling sites in Izmir Bay, namely sites #IZ1 to #IZ4. This was the case for Al, As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Pb, Ti and Zn. Granulometric analysis, OC and individual PAH congeners failed to show any significant differences between total Mytilene and total Izmir Bay sediment samples. Nevertheless, the sum of PAHs in sites #IZ2 to #IZ4 displayed significantly higher levels both vs. the other Izmir sites and vs. all Mytilene sediment samples. The overall results point to higher pollution status in Izmir Bay, especially in the innermost sampling sites, compared to Mytilene Harbor, detected as inorganic contamination and as PAH contamination in some Izmir sampling sites.