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Öğe Breeding Potentials of Durum Wheat Landraces for Yield and Quality Traits(Bitki Islahçıları Alt Birliği, 2023) Göçmen, Damla Balaban; Balkan, Alpay; Bilgin, Oğuz; Başer, İsmetThe study was carried out to evaluate yield components and some physiological quality traits for 30 durum wheat landraces (native and foreign originated) and 5 obsolete cultivars in Thrace ecological conditions. Experiments were set up in randomized block design in 3 replicated during the 3 consecutive growing seasons. As a result of the analysis of variance, the differences between the averages of the genotypes for the traits were found to be statistically significant. This indicated that there may be enough variation for traits within landraces. The mean values of genotypes ranged between 2238 kg/ha-1 and 3749 kg/ha-1 for grain yield, 98.8 cm and 135.3 cm for plant height, 6.04 cm and 8.88 cm for spike length, 26.6 and 35.3 for the number of grains per spike, 0.988 g and 1.494 g for grain weight per spike, 36.1 g and 42.7 g for thousand grain weight, 74.4 kg/hl-1 and 79.4 kg/hl-1 for test weight and 82.1% and 94.6% for vitreous grain percentage. Although Kahramanmaraş, Dicle, Boğacak, Sorgül, Ionia, Cyprus and Haurani were determined as promising populations for yield and yield components, Siverek, Çanakkale, Tokat, Gaziantep, Yozgat and Urfa landraces had better physical quality. The estimated coefficient of variation and broad sense heritability shifted from 3.9% to 24.52% and from 7.91% to 72.44% for the traits, respectively. Moderately high coefficient of variation, broad sense heritability a genetic advance for plant height, spike length and vitreous grain percentage indicated that selection based on these traits will be more effective and accomplished in the genetic material.Öğe COMPARISON OF SYNTHETIC HEXAPLOID WHEAT LINES FOR RESISTANCE TO ROOT ROT (Fusarium spp.)(Soc Field Crop Sci, 2022) Başer, İsmet; Çay, Feyza Tahan; Göçmen, Damla BalabanIn the study, 58 synthetic bread wheat lines and 6 bread wheat varieties used as standard were used as material. Synthetic bread wheat lines: ZFSN was obtained from the elite 2 synthetic lines of CIMMYT and HRSN was obtained from CIMMYT 14SYNT. In the experiment, Selimiye, Flamura 85, Pehlivan, Aldane, Bereket and Gelibolu bread wheat varieties were used as standard. In the studies carried out in field conditions for two years, only 11 of the 64 genotypes had root rot above the 2.00 scale value. The fact that all of these 11 genotypes are different by years reveals that studies without artificial inoculation should be repeated for more years. In the study carried out with artificial inoculation in laboratory conditions, the root rot values were much higher than the field conditions. The data obtained in two years show higher resistance to root rot of synthetic wheat lines than bread wheat varieties. When inoculated by artificial inoculation, all of the 28 genotypes (2.00-2.33) with the lowest root rot were synthetic bread wheat lines. The highest resistance to root rot was observed in ZFSN 6, HRSN 11-14, HRSN 13-17, HRSN 6-8, ZFSN 8 and ZFSN 3 synthetic bread wheat lines. Data from studies conducted over two years indicate that synthetic bread wheat lines are valuable source material for plant breeding for root rot resistance.Öğe Farklı Ekim Sıklıklarının Ekmeklik Buğday Çeşitlerinde Tane Verimi ve Verim Unsurları Üzerine Etkisi(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 2024) Balkan, Alpay; Göçmen, Damla Balaban; Bilgin, Oğuz; Başer, İsmet; Özcan, KamilÇalışma, dört farklı ekim sıklığının (300, 400, 500 ve 600 tohum m-2) üç ekmeklik buğday çeşidinin (NKÜ Lider, NKÜ Ergene ve NKÜ Asiya) tane verimi ve bitki boyu, başak uzunluğu, başakta başakçık sayısı, başakta tane sayısı, başakta tane ağırlığı ve hasat indeksi gibi verim unsurlarına etkisini belirlemek amacıyla 2021 ve 2022 yıllarında Tekirdağ ve Edirne lokasyonlarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, incelenen tüm özellikler bakımından ekim sıklıkları arasındaki farklar istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur. En yüksek ortalamalar başak uzunluğu için 400 tohum m-2, başakta başakçık sayısı için 400 tohum m-2, başakta tane sayısı için 400 ve 500 tohum m-2, başakta tane ağırlığı için 300, 400 ve 500 tohum m-2 ve hasat indeksi için ise 400 tohum m-2 ekim sıklığından elde edilmiştir. En yüksek tane verimi ortalaması 701.31 kg da-1 ile 400 tohum m-2 ekim sıklığından elde edilmiş, bunu 698.42 kg da-1 ile 500 tohum m-2 ekim sıklığı izlemiştir. İncelenen özellikler bakımından çeşitlerin ekim sıklıklarına tepkilerinin faklı olduğu belirlenmiştir. En yüksek tane verimi NKÜ Lider çeşidinin 400 tohum m-2 (715.58 kg da-1) ekim sıklığından, NKÜ Ergene çeşidinin 500 tohum m-2 (713.92 kg da-1) ekim sıklığından ve aynı çeşidin 400 tohum m-2 (707.83 kg da-1) ekim sıklığından elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bölgede yapılacak ekmeklik buğday yetiştiriciliğinde istenilen verim düzeyine ulaşmak için ekim sıklığının çeşitlerin kardeşlenme kapasiteleri de dikkate alınarak uzun boylu ve kardeşlenmesi fazla olan çeşitlerde 400 tohum m-2, daha kısa boylu ve kardeşlenmesi az olan çeşitlerde ise 500 tohum m-2 ekim sıklığı önerilebilir.Öğe Study on Some Quality and Morpho-Physiological Traits of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum L. Desf.) Genotypes(2023) Balkan, Alpay; Bilgin, Oğuz; Başer, İsmet; Göçmen, Damla Balaban; Özcan, KamilThe study was carried out in the experimental field of the Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University in 2020-2021. In the study, totally 25 durum wheat genotypes (6 cultivars, 12 advanced lines, and 7 landraces) were used as experimental material. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. In the study, the grain quality and morpho- physiological traits such as canopy temperature, chlorophyll content, leaf area index, and plant height were investigated in some durum wheat genotypes. The canopy temperature ranged from 23.33-20.43 OC, chlorophyll content 52.53-43.17 SPAD, leaf area index 3.63-1.77, thousand-grain weight 34.67-41.83 g, protein content 14.23-16.33%, test weight 78.93-87.03 kg hl-1, semolina colour 14.88-15.63 and plant height 99.00-75.33 cm in investigated durum wheat genotypes. Hacımestan and Sorgül genotypes for canopy temperature, Atkı 2, NZFM 1 and NZFM 7 genotypes for chlorophyll content, Atkı 2, NZFM 4 and NZFM 1 genotypes for leaf area index, Kıbrıs 2 and Ionia 3 genotypes for plant height, NZFM 1, NZFM 7 and Devedişi 2 genotypes for thousand-grain weight, Atkı 2 and Hacımestan 2 genotypes for protein content, Japiga and Boğacak 2 genotypes for test weight and Japiga, Boğacak, Kızıltan 91 and NZFM 7 genotypes for semolina colour were determined as promising genotypes.Öğe THE EFFECTS OF WATER STRESS ON GRAIN YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN BREAD WHEAT(Academic Publishing House, 2024) Başer, Ismet; Akseki, Seher Semerci; Göçmen, Damla Balaban; Balkan, Alpay; Bilgin, OguzThe study was carried out with 24 wheat genotypes at different drought levels. The 24 genotypes used in the study were determined based on data from 45 genotypes at drought levels created with PEG. The experiment was carried out in plastic tubes 30 cm wide × 70 cm high. In the study, plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, root length and root weight were investigated. When the plants were grown in tubes with 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% field capacity, the highest values for all properties, except plant height, were obtained in plants with 100% field capacity. According to the data obtained, Bora, NKU Ergene, Enola and Rumeli were least affected by drought, while LG 59, Adelaide and Kavlıca genotypes were most affected by drought. Root length increased with drought and the longest roots were at 25% field capacity, which was the highest level of drought. The root weight was highest at 100% field capacity and lowest at 25% field capacity. Spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, and grain weight per spike decreased significantly as the level of drought increased. © 2024 Academic Publishing House. All rights reserved.Öğe Tritikale (X triticosecale Wittmack) ileri hatlarında tane verimi ve kalitesi için genotip × çevre interaksiyonlarının grafiksel yöntemler ile değerlendirilmesi(Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, 2023) Göçmen, Damla Balaban; Başer, İsmetÇalışma, 2018-2019 ve 2019-2020 yetiştirme dönemlerinde 4 ayrı lokasyonda (Tekirdağ-Süleymanpaşa, Edirne-Merkez (Sarayakpınar köyü), Tekirdağ-Hayrabolu ve Kırklareli-Lüleburgaz), 17 tritikale ileri hattı ve 8 tritikale çeşidi ile tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 4 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, Trakya Bölgesi koşulları için uygun tritikale genotiplerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmış, karmaşık olan genotip × çevre interaksiyonunu (GEI) genel varyans analizi ile anlamak ve güvenilir bir şekilde belirlemek zor olduğundan GEI'nu açıklamak için parametrik ve parametrik olmayan stabilite analizleri (w_i^2, s_(d_i)^2, b_i, ?_i^2, R^2, ?CV?_i, Var.,Wi_g, Wi_f, Wi_u, GAI, S_i^((1)), S_i^((2)), S_i^((3)), S_i^((6)), NP(1), NP(2), NP(3), NP(4)) ile grafiksel yöntemler olan AMMI ve GGE-biplot analizleri kullanılmıştır. Tritikale genotiplerinin tane verimi, bitki boyu, başak uzunluğu, başakta başakçık sayısı, bitki ağırlığı, başak ağırlığı, başakta tane sayısı, başakta tane ağırlığı, bin tane ağırlığı, hektolitre ağırlığı, hasat indeksi, protein oranı, yaş gluten oranı ve Zeleny sedimantasyon değeri özellikleri incelenmiş, hasat indeksi haricindeki diğer özelliklerin tümünde genotip × çevre interaksiyonları istatistiki olarak %1 düzeyinde önemli bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın sonucunda, tane verimi ve verim unsurları ile kalite özellikleri birlikte değerlendirildiğinde NZFT 17, NZFT 13, NZFT 11, NZFT 23 ve NZFT 28 ileri hatlarının, tüm stabilite analizleri bakımından da bu genotipler arasından NZFT 11 ve NZFT 28 ileri hatlarının bölgede yapılacak ıslah çalışmaları için en ümitvar hatlar oldukları belirlenmiştir.Öğe Variability for Drought Stress Effects on Seedling Growth in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes(Bitki Islahçıları Alt Birliği, 2023) Başer, İsmet; Akseki, Seher Semerci; Göçmen, Damla Balaban; Bilgin, Oğuz; Balkan, AlpayThe study was carried out under different drought/osmotic stresses (0.00 MPa-control, 0.25 MPa, 0.50 MPa, 0.75 MPa and 1.00 MPa applications) created by using PEG 6000 with 43 genotypes under laboratory, with 5 replications according to a split-plot experiment design. The genotypes constituted the main plots, and the drought/osmotic stress applications constituted the sub-plots. In the study, seedling weight, root number, root length, root weight, shoot length, and shoot weight characters were determined. It was determined that drought stress applications caused statistically significant decreases in root and shoot characters. Osmotic stress of, 1.00 MPa and 0.75 MPa caused statistically significant reductions in root and shoot characters. The results indicated that early and mid-early varieties were more tolerant to drought than the late varieties. Although Aglika, Anapo, Enola and Hamza varieties were outstanding for their root properties, while Maden, NKU Ergene and Bezostaja-1 cultivars showed more appropriate shoot characteristics than other cultivars. Enola, Aglika, Bezostaja-1, NKU Ergene, Anapo, Hamza and Maden bread wheat varieties showed better growth characteristics under drought stress conditions in the study.
