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    How Many Bundles Does the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Consist of? A Case Report
    (Kare Publ, 2023) Gunaydin, Burak; Ozcaglayan, Tugba Ilkem Kurtoglu; Sever, Cem; Oznur, Meltem; Cetin, Mehmet Umit; Can, Erdem; Eren, Osman Tugrul
    In some cases with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, physical examination and magnetic resolution imaging cannot clearly identify whether the ACL is intact or partially or completely ruptured. A 40-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with complaints of knee pain. After the requested examinations, we could not clearly identify whether the ACL was intact or partially or completely ruptured. Arthroscopic knee surgery was planned for the patient. In diagnostic arthroscopy, it was also determined that there was a multibundle ACL that was not surrounded by the synovium and was tight in the figure 4 position. The surgery was completed by repairing the meniscal tear. It was seen in the current case report that the ACL was a multibundle structure without overlying synovium around. In such cases, it is difficult to evaluate the ACL, and it should be kept in mind that there may also be variations of the ACL.
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    Outcomes Related to the Body Mass Index and Injury Period Following Meniscial Repair
    (Derman Medical Publ, 2017) Eren, Osman Tugrul; Kılınç, Bekir Eray; Oc, Yunus; Sarı, Abdulkadir; Sezer, Hasan Basri
    Aim: Our study was to assess the outcome of meniscal repair surgery with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, focusing in particular on meniscal healing. Material and Method: We analyzed whether the time elapsed between the injury and the surgery affected the activity scores as measured by the Tegner Activity Scale, Modified Lysholm Knee Scoring, and Barrett criteria. Similarly, we analyzed whether body mass index (BMI) affected the activity scores. Result: The average BMI of the patients was 23.99 +/- 3.64 kg/m2 (range: 19.9-34). BMI was graded as underweight (18.5 kg/m2 or less), normal weight (18.5 kg/m2 to 24.99 kg/m2), overweight (25 kg/m2 to 29.99 kg/m2), or obese (30 kg/m2 to 39.99 kg/m2). Patients were divided into two groups. Overweight and obese patients were included in one group, and patients of normal weight or underweight were included in the other group. Out of a total of 34 patients, 3 (8.8%) were underweight, 20 (58.8%) were normal weight, 9 (26.5%) were overweight, and 2 (5.9%) were obese. Based on the BMI there was no significant difference between the two groups for results of the Tegner Activity Scale, Modified Lysholm Knee Score, and Barrett criteria. BMI of the patients was not a risk factor for the post-operative score scale (P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the injury period (the time elapsed between the injury and the surgery) and activity scores (P>0.05). The injury period had no effect on the post-operative scores. Discussion: BMI of the patients and injury time of the meniscus tear had no negative effect on the functional results of the operation. Meniscal lesions with ACL tear should be repaired when diagnosed.
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    Prediction of clinical outcomes of single- and double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques using magnetic resonance imaging
    (Turkish Assoc Trauma Emergency Surgery, 2021) Bankaoglu, Mujdat; Uğurlar, Özge Yapıcı; Uğurlar, Meric; Günaydın, Burak; Ertürk, Sükrü Mehmet; Eren, Osman Tugrul
    BACKGROUND: The objective of the study is to compare the clinical results of the single-bundle (SB) and double-bundle (DB) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repairing techniques using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: Thirty-eight patients were randomized by block randomization into two different groups of ACL reconstruction: DB (n=19) and SB techniques (n=19). MRI evaluation and clinical examination with modified Cincinnati Knee Rating Score and Lysholm knee scores were performed pre-operatively and at the end of a follow-up period of 36 months. RESULTS: No significant differences were found in the ACL angle, posterior cruciate ligament angle, and tibial translation between the DB and the SB groups. Regarding the clinical scores, there were no significant differences between the techniques. As for the correlation of radiologic results with clinical scores in the SB group, there was a strong and significant correlation between the post-operative ACL angle values and the Lysholm clinical score (r=-0.66; p=0.002). CONCLUSION: The post-operative ACL angle can predict the degree of clinical recovery in patients undergoing SB ACL reconstruction.