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Öğe Comparison of Growth and Development Characteristics of Hair and Damascus Kids Reared under Extensive Conditions(2022) Özbaşer, Fatma Tülin; Erdem, Evren; Erat, SerkanThe present study aimed to compare the growth and the development of Hair and Damascus kids reared under extensive conditions. The body weights of Damascus goats were significantly higher than that of the Hair goats during the 360 days growth period (P < 0.05; P<0.001). Body weight was influenced by birth type only at birth and on the 360th day of the growth period, and single-birth kids had higher values than twin-born kids (P < 0.05). Exceptfor the 120th day of the growth period, the body weight of kids born in dam age group III was higher than that of kids born in the other dam age groups (P < 0.05; P < 0.01; P < 0.001). The breed effect was markedly observed after the 120th day of the growth period concerning body measurements especially chest depth, rump height, and body length. Damascus goats were significantly higher than that in the Hair goats for these traits (P < 0.001). It can be suggested that comparative studies containing the entire growth period should be conducted on other indigenous goat breeds (Angora, Honamlı, Kilis, and Norduz goat breeds) and to demonstrate the growth and development characteristics of these breeds.Öğe Determination of the reproductive characteristics of Saanen goats using estrus synchronization and the growth performances of kids(Ankara Univ Press, 2021) Erdem, Evren; Özbaşer, Fatma Tülin; Atasoy, FatihThis study aimed to determine the reproductive characteristics of Saanen goats of Australian origin using an estrus synchronization program with hormones (MPA and PMSG) in two different mating periods (Period I and Period II) and to investigate the survival rates and growth performances of kids. According to the results of the research, it was determined that pregnancy rate and litter size were higher in the mating period I (87% and 2.16) compared to mating period II (80.5% and 2.03), and it is hypothesized that this situation is related to the length of dry period of the goats. Although the mortality rate (P<0.001), and body weight (P<0.05) at birth were affected by kidding season, the survival rate and their body weights of the Saanen-kids at days 30, 60, 90, and 120 were not affected by the kidding season (P>0.05). These results indicate that the kidding season should be an environmental factor to be taken into account when planning the production. In addition to this, it is important to optimize the care and management conditions, especially during the kidding season, due to the high multiple birth types for the estrus synchronization program in Saanen goats.Öğe Effects of the Dietary Blue-Green Algae (Spirulina platensis) Supplementation and Egg Storage Period on Egg Quality Traits, Blastoderm Characteristics and Hatching Results of Mast Geese (Anser anser)(Wiley, 2025) Bulut, Fatma T. Ozbaser; Erdem, Evren; Samli, Hasan E.This study aimed to determine the effects of the dietary Spirulina platensis supplementation and egg storage period on egg quality traits, blastoderm characteristics and hatching results of Mast geese. For this purpose, the control group was fed the standard enterprise diet, while the experimental group received the same diet supplemented with 0.5% S. platensis. Quality traits of the eggs (shape index, shell thickness, breaking strength, albumen/yolk ratio, albumen index and yolk colour) were evaluated according to diet groups. Except for the yolk ratio of these traits, the mean values obtained from the experimental group were higher than the mean values obtained from the control group (p < 0.05; p < 0.001). Dietary supplementation of S. platensis did not affect blastoderm diameter (BD) but significantly increased the blastoderm viable cells (BVCs) (p < 0.001). Although early embryonic mortality (EEM) was statistically significantly affected by diet groups and storage time, late embryonic mortality (LEM) was affected only by diet groups (p < 0.001). Dietary S. platensis supplementation significantly increased pipped (PIP) classified under the LEM (p < 0.001). Storage period affected internal and external egg traits at different statistical significance levels. As the storage time increased, the breaking strength (p < 0.05), albumen ratio, albumen index, yolk index, Haugh unit decreased (p < 0.01; p < 0.001), while the yolk ratio, and albumen pH increased (p < 0.001). An increase in BD, and a decrease in BVCs were determined with prolonged storage period (p < 0.001). In the classification of LEM, the storage period significantly affected unabsorbed yolk sac (UYS) and the PIP. With prolonged storage time, UYS and PIP significantly increased (p < 0.05; p < 0.01), which is classified under LEM. According to these results, we suggest that S. platensis supplementation to goose diets would be beneficial, but the detailed further studies are needed for more effective results.Öğe Genetic Animal Heritage of Anatolia: Short-beaked Pigeon Genotypes(2022) İhsansoysal, Mehmet; Özbaşer, Fatma Tülin; Erdem, Evren; Gürcan, Eser KemalThis study aimed to determine the morphological and morphometric characteristics of Bango, Mısıri and Baska pigeons, which have been preferred to breed as ornamental and diver pigeons in Anatolia. The ages of the pigeons were classified into four groups: 12-24 months of age (age group I), 25-36 months of age (age group II), 37-48 months of age (age group III), and 48 months of age and over (age group IV). These three pigeon genotypes were included in the bird group with short beak and small body structure. There were statistically significant differences among the genotypes in terms of body weight, head length-width, beak length-depth, chest depth-width, thoracic perimeter, tail and body length, wing span-length, tarsus diameter (p?0.01). Considering the body plumage color of pigeons, Mısıri and Bango pigeons show more similar appearance, however Baska pigeons has a different appearance from both genotypes. However, it is thought that it would be appropriate to evaluate morphological data together with genetic analysis. We think that these three pigeon genotypes should be taken under immediate protection in order to protect the domestic gene resources of Turkey.Öğe Mohair Quality Traits of Aleppo and Hair Goats(Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi, 2019) Erdem, Evren; Erat, Serkan; Özbaşer, Fatma TülinThe aim of this study was to determine the mohair quality traits of Aleppo and Hair goats. The study material was consisted of 12 Aleppo goats (6 males, 6 females) and 12 Hair goats (6 males, 6 females), which were 12 months of age and raised by a farmer in Kırıkkale region. A total of 72 fibre sample were collected from 24 goats from 3 regions of the body (wither, chest, rump) in order to determined the hair characteristics of Hair and Aleppo goats. Mohair quality traits (fibre length, fibre diameter, fibre tenacity, fibre elongation, fibre proportion) were determined in both breeds at Livestock Central Research Institute, wool and mohair laboratory. The means of smallest square of fibre length (barbe), fibre diameter, fibre tenacity, fibre elongation and fibre propotion for Aleppo and Hair goats were defined as 70.92 and 54.98 mm, 66.37 and 65.94 µm, 28.62 and 26.60 %, 12.58 and 11.97 cN/tex, 91.09 and 89.76 %, repectively. While the effects of breed diversty on fibre length (barbe) (p < 0.01) and fibre length (hauter) (p < 0.001) were statically significant, fibre diameter, fibre tenacity, fibre elongation and fibre proportion traits were not affected by breed diversty. Fibre length was higher in Aleppo goats than that in the hair goats. Although the effects of sex on fibre length (p < 0.001), fibre diameter (p < 0.001), and fibre proportion (p < 0.05) were statically significant, fibre tenacity and fibre elongation were not affected by sex. Fibre length, fibre diameter and fibre proportion of the male goats were significantly higher than those of the female goats in both breed. It was found that fibre quality traits of Aleppo and Hair goats were similar in terms of fibre length, fibre elongation, fibre tenacity and fibre proportion, which are important in textile industry. These findings show that mohair quality traits of Aleppo and Hair Goats are appropriate for the weaving upholstery, blanket, tent, carpet and rug.Öğe Morphological characteristics of the cakal, mulakat and oriental pigeon breeds raised in the marmara region of turkey(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2020) Özbaşer, Fatma Tülin; Erdem, Evren; Gürcan, Eser Kemal; Soysal, Mehmet İhsanThis study was aimed to determine the morphological characteristics of Cakal, Mulakat and Oriental roller pigeon in Marmara region in Turkey. The study materials were consisted of 300 pigeons reared in 16 different enterprieses. The pigeons were examined for plumage colour, markings, head crest and foot feathers, eye colour, number of wing feathers, number of tail feathers, body weight and some other morphological measurements. Statistically significant differences were observed between the sex groups for body weight, head width, beak depth, trunk length (P<0,001) in Çakal, Mulakat and Oriental pigeons. It was determined that, in comparison to the local Turkey pigeon breeds (Bursa and Thrace roller, Ankara Tumbler, Squadron Flyer, Dewlap) raised in Turkey, the Cakal is small-sized, the Mulakat is medium-sized and the Oriental is large-sized. Furthermore, the comparison of the age groups for some morphological measurements demonstrated that the Oriental and Cakal pigeons grew slower than the Mulakat pigeon. © 2020, Agricultural Research Communication Centre. All rights reserved.Öğe The morphological and morphometric characteristics of Alabadem pigeons(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2021) Erdem, Evren; Özbaşer, Fatma Tülin; Gürcan, Eser Kemal; Soysal, Mehmet İhsanThis study aimed to determine the morphological and morphometric characteristics of Alabadem pigeons, which are grown as ornamental pigeons in Edirne province, and to determine mutual traits with other indigenous pigeon breeds in Turkey by comparing with previous studies. Body weight (P < 0.001), head length (P < 0.01), head width (P < 0.05), beak length (P < 0.001), and tarsus diameter (P < 0.05) of age group III were higher than those of other age groups; however, the wingspan of age group II was greater than that of other age groups in Alabadem pigeon. Compared to other indigenous genotypes in Turkey, the Alabadem pigeon is a small-sized genotype. Alabadem pigeons were similar to Edremit butterfly pigeons and Thracian tumbler pigeons in terms of crested and blackeyed pigeons. On the other hand, the irregularly shaped mark (almond) on the head in Alabadem pigeons was similar to the wide-long irregular shaped mark on the neck of Edremit butterfly pigeons. Some basic plumage colors (black, yellow, and red) and intermediate colors (chickpea and scarlet) were identical to Alabadem pigeons and Thrace roller pigeons. Since Alabadem pigeons have many mutual characteristics with Edremit butterfly pigeons and Thracian roller pigeons, genetic studies may be recommended to determine the degree of relationship among these breeds.Öğe The morphological characteristics of the muradiye dönek pigeon, a native Turkish genetic resource(Chartered Inst. of Building Services Engineers, 2021) Özbaşer, Fatma Tülin; Erdem, Evren; Gürcan, Eser Kemal; Soysal, Mehmet İhsanThis study was conducted to investigate the morphological characteristics of Muradiye Dönek pigeon. It is a local animal genetic resource and cultural heritage and has an important place among the genotypes of domestic pigeons in Turkey. The animal material of this study consisted of 100 pigeons (50 females and 50 males) from seven pigeon enterprises. In the study, morphological characteristics were evaluated and morphometric measurements were determined. Body plumage colors of pigeons were determined as black (70%), red (16%) and blue (14%) galaca. In some birds, the yellow beaks and nails may bear black spots, which pigeon breeders refer to as ‘zikir’. The term ‘biyik’ (mustache) is used when black feathers appear among the white feathers on the head, and the term ‘kemer’ (belt) is used when black feathers appear in the tail. The differences between the mean values of body weight and wingspan (P<0.001), chest depth (P<0.05) values were statically significant for age groups, which were reported to affect flight characteristics in birds. As a result, when the morphological characteristics obtained in Muradiye Dönek pigeons are compared with other researchers, it is thought that the selection of these birds were carried out by the breeders in terms of the game behavior such as rotation movement during the diving and landing. Although the data obtained in the study support the hypothesis that Muradiye Dönek pigeons should be defined as a different breed, further studies with DNA analysis are required to confirm this situation. © 2021, Chartered Inst. of Building Services Engineers. All rights reserved.Öğe Türkiye's indigenous genetic resource: Muradiye Kelebek pigeon(Ankara Univ, 2024) Erdem, Evren; Ozbaser, Fatma Tulin; Gurcan, Eser Kemal; Soysal, Mehmet IhsanThe current study was carried out to determine the morphological characteristics of the Muradiye kelebek pigeon, which has been reared for many years by breeders in the Muradiye region. The ages of pigeons were classified into two groups: 12-24 months (age group I) and 25-36 months (age group II). The male pigeons had a significantly higher trunk length (P<0.001), head width (P<0.05), beak length (P<0.001), beak depth (P<0.05), thoracic perimeter (P<0.001), and tarsus diameter (P<0.001) compared to the female pigeons. The body weight (P<0.001), chest width (P<0.05), and thoracic perimeter (P<0.01) values of age group II were higher than those of age group I. It was determined that most of the pigeons were grayish blue-eyed (69.90%) and non-crested (76.72%). It was determined that the head structure of the Muradiye kelebek pigeon was similar to the Edremit kelebek, Muradiye donek, Bursa oynari, Thrace roller, and Alabadem pigeon genotypes. The spotted plumage color of the Muradiye butterfly pigeon and the other three genotypes (jackal plumage in the Thrace roller, speckled plumage in the Edremit kelebek pigeon, and red/black galaca in the Muradiye donek pigeon) may be a common trait. Since these genotypes share some phenotypic characteristics, the phylogenetic relationships between the Muradiye butterfly pigeon and the other five pigeon genotypes (Edremit kelebek, Muradiye donek, Alabadem, Bursa oynari, and Thrace roller) should be determined by molecular studies.
